NCCLEX Style for Immune Disorder

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Here are 25 NCLEX-style questions based on the provided text, including multiple-choice andselect-all-that-apply (SATA) questions. The rationales for each answer are provided at thebottom.NCLEX-Style QuestionsMultiple-Choice Questions1.Which term refers to the immune system's ability to distinguish self from nonself?a. Autoimmunityb. Immunocompetencec. Immunosuppressiond. Immunodeficiency2.The body’s first line of defense against invading pathogens includes:a. T lymphocytesb. Antibodiesc. Physical, mechanical, and chemical barriersd. B lymphocytes3.Which immune response involves T cells and directly attacks infected orabnormal cells?a. Humoral immunityb Innate immunityc. Cell-mediated immunityd. Passive immunity4.What is the primary function of B lymphocytes in adaptive immunity?a. Engulfing and destroying pathogensb. Producing antibodiesc. Directly attacking infected cells

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d. Releasing histamine5.What is the primary difference between innate and adaptive immunity?a. Innate immunity provides specific immune responses, while adaptive immunity does not.b. Adaptive immunity has memory, while innate immunity does not.c. Innate immunity involves lymphocytes, while adaptive immunity does not.d. Adaptive immunity is always present, while innate immunity must be activated.6.Which of the following describes an example of artificial active immunity?a. A mother passing antibodies to her baby through breast milkb. A person receiving a vaccinationc. A person recovering from an infection and developing immunityd. Receiving an injection of antibodies7.Which type of hypersensitivity reaction is responsible for anaphylactic shock?a. Type Ib. Type IIc. Type IIId. Type IV8.A nurse is educating a patient on autoimmune disorders. Which statement isaccurate?a. "Autoimmune disorders occur when the body fails to recognize foreign invaders."b. "Autoimmune disorders result from an exaggerated response to allergens."c. ' Autoimmune disorders occur when the immune system attacks the body's own cells.'’d. "Autoimmune disorders happen due to an inherited lack of B cells."9.Which organ is primarily responsible for T cell maturation?a. Spleenb. Thymus

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c. Bone marrowd. Liver10.Which type of immunity is provided through the passage of maternal antibodiesto a fetus?a. Artificial active immunityb. Natural active immunityc. Artificial passive immunityd. Natural passiveimmunitySelect-All-That-Apply (SATA) Questions11.Which of the following are components of the innate immune system? (Select allthat apply.)a. Skin and mucous membranesb. T cellsc. Lysozymeinsalivad. B cellse. Stomach acid12.Which cells play a major role in adaptive immunity? (Select all that apply.)a. B cellsb. T cellsc. Macrophagesd. Natural killer (NK) cellse. Neutrophils13.What are the functions of antibodies? (Select all that apply.)a. Neutralizing toxinsb. Stimulating histamine release

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c. Enhancing phagocytosisd. Directly attacking virusese. Activating the complement system14.Which of the fallowing are characteristics of adaptive immunity? (Select all thatapply.)a. Provides a nonspecific responseb. Involves memory cellsc. Includes humoral and cell-mediated responsesd. Is present from birthe. Requires antigen exposure for activation15.Which are possible consequences of immunocompromise? (Select all that apply.)a. Increased susceptibility to infectionsb. Overreaction to harmless substancesc. Decreased ability to mount an immune responsed. Enhanced resistance to infectionse. Development of autoimmune disorders16.Which of the following describe the role of T lymphocytes? (Select all that apply.)a. Releasing lymphokines to attract macrophagesb. Directly attacking infected or abnormal cellsc. Producing antibodiesd. Providing long-term immunitye. Recognizing specific antigens17.Which statements about hypersensitivity reactions are true? (Select all thatapply.)a. Type I reactions involve IgE and can cause anaphylaxis.

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b. Type II reactions involve cytotoxic responses, such as hemolytic reactions.c. Type III reactions are cell-mediated and occur in conditions like contact dermatitis.d. Type IV reactions are antibody-mediated.e. Type III reactions involve immune complex deposition and inflammation.18.Which of the following are common autoimmune disorders? (Select all thatapply.)a. Rheumatoid arthritisb. Type 1 diabetesc. Multiple sclerosisd.Chronic bronchitise. Systemic lupus erythematosus19.Which statements about B cells are correct? (Select all that apply.)a. They require antigen stimulation for activation.b. They produce antibodies.c. They function primarily in cell-mediated immunity.d. They originate and mature in the bone marrow.e. They are responsible for the innate immune response.20.Which factors can trigger an allergic response? (Select all that apply.)a. Pollenb. Pet danderc. Latexd. Autoantibodiese. Food allergensRationales

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1.B - Immunocompetence refers to the immune system's ability to recognize selffrom nonself.2.C - Physical, mechanical, and chemical barriers form the first line of defense.3.C - T cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity.4.B - B cells produce antibodies.5.B - Adaptive immunity has memory, while innate immunity does not.6.B - Vaccination provides artificial active immunity.7.A - Type I hypersensitivity is IgE-mediated and leads to anaphylaxis.8.C - Autoimmune disorders result from the immune system attacking self-cells.9.B - The thymus is responsible for T cell maturation.10.D - Natural passive immunity occurs through maternal antibodies.11.A, C, E - Innate immunity includes barriers like skin, enzymes, and stomach acid.12.A, B - Adaptive immunity primarily involves B and T cells.13.A, C, E - Antibodies neutralize toxins, enhance phagocytosis, and activatecomplement.14.B, C, E - Adaptive immunity has memory, includes humoral and cell-mediatedresponses, and requires antigen exposure.15.A, C, E - Immunocompromise leads to infections, reduced responses, andautoimmune risks.16.A, B. E - T cells attract macrophages, attack cells, and recognize antigens.17.A, B„ E - Type I is IgE-mediated, Type II is cytotoxic, and Type III involvesimmune complexes.18.A, B, C, E - These are well-known autoimmune diseases.19.A, B, D - B cells mature in bone marrow, require antigen activation, and produceantibodies.20.A, B, C, E - Allergies can be triggered by pollen, pet dander, latex, and foodallergens.Let me know if you need modifications or additional questions!

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Here are additional NCLEX-style questions covering the new content from the uploaded images.This set indudes multiple-choice and select-all-that-apply (SATA) questions with rationales atthe bottom.NCLEX-Style QuestionsMultiple-Choice Questions1.Which statement best describes humoral immunity?a. It is mediated by T cells and involves direct cell attack.b. It is mediated by B cells and involves antibody production.c. It involves the activation of natural killer (NK) cells.d. It relies on macrophages to kill pathogens.2.What is the primary function of the complement system in immunity?a. To stimulate antibody productionb. To destroy the cell membranes of bacteriac. To produce B and T lymphocytesd. To directly attack viruses3.Which of the following is an example of passive immunity?a. A person recovering from an infectionb. A person receiving a vaccinec. A newborn receiving antibodies from breast milkd. A person developing immunity after being exposed to a virus4.Which hypersensitivity reaction is characterized by the release of histamine frommast cells?a. Type Ib. Type IIc. Type IIId Type IV

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Whichcells playa dominantrole in cell-mediated immunity?5a. B cellsb T cellsc. Macrophagesd.Basophils6.A patient v»ith a Type I hypersensitivity reaction is experiencingbronchoconstriction and hypotension. What is the priority nursing intervention?a. Administer an antihistamineb. Give intravenous fluidsc. Administer epinephrined. Apply a cold compress7.Whichorgan is responsible for the maturation of T lymphocytes?a. Spleenb. Thymusc. Bone marrowd. Lymph nodes8.Whichfactor can increase the severity of a hypersensitivity reaction?a. The route of exposureb. The presence of IgM antibodiesc.Lowallergen concentrationd.Mildgenetic predisposition9.Whatis the role of helper T cells(CD4)?a. They directly attack infected cells.b. They produce antibodies.c. They activate B cells and phagocytes.

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d. They function in innate immunity.10.What effect does aging have on the immune system?a. Bone marrow activity decreases significantly.b. There is an increased response to infections.c. There is a decline in T cell function.d. The immune response becomes more aggressive.Select-AII-That-Apply (SATA) Questions11.Which of the following are characteristics of Type I hypersensitivity reactions?(Select all that apply.)a. IgE-mediatedb. Can cause anaphylaxisc. Delayed hypersensitivity reactiond. Immediate allergic responsee. Involves immune complex deposition12.Which are common clinical manifestations of hypersensitivity reactions? (Selectall that apply.)a. Pruritusb. Hypotensionc. Bronchoconstrictiond. Increased energy levelse. Urticaria13.What are key functions of antibodies? (Select all that apply.)a. Neutralization of toxinsb. Phagocytosis of bacteriac. Activation of the complement system

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