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NCCLEX Style for Immune Disorder

This NCLEX-style quiz focuses on the immune system, covering key topics like immune responses, lymphocyte function, and types of immunity—essential for nursing students studying immunology and preparing for the NCLEX-RN exam.

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    Here are 25 NCLEX-style questions based on the provided text, including multiple-choice and select-all-that-apply (SATA) questions. The rationales for each answer are provided at the bottom. NCLEX-Style Questions Multiple-Choice Questions 1. Which term refers to the immune system's ability to distinguish self from nonself? a. Autoimmunity b. Immunocompetence c. Immunosuppression d. Immunodeficiency 2. The body’s first line of defense against invading pathogens includes: a. T lymphocytes b. Antibodies c. Physical, mechanical, and chemical barriers d. B lymphocytes 3. Which immune response involves T cells and directly attacks infected or abnormal cells? a. Humoral immunity b Innate immunity c. Cell-mediated immunity d. Passive immunity 4. What is the primary function of B lymphocytes in adaptive immunity? a. Engulfing and destroying pathogens b. Producing antibodies c. Directly attacking infected cells

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    d. Releasing histamine 5. What is the primary difference between innate and adaptive immunity? a. Innate immunity provides specific immune responses, while adaptive immunity does not. b. Adaptive immunity has memory, while innate immunity does not. c. Innate immunity involves lymphocytes, while adaptive immunity does not. d. Adaptive immunity is always present, while innate immunity must be activated. 6. Which of the following describes an example of artificial active immunity? a. A mother passing antibodies to her baby through breast milk b. A person receiving a vaccination c. A person recovering from an infection and developing immunity d. Receiving an injection of antibodies 7. Which type of hypersensitivity reaction is responsible for anaphylactic shock? a. Type I b. Type II c. Type III d. Type IV 8. A nurse is educating a patient on autoimmune disorders. Which statement is accurate? a. "Autoimmune disorders occur when the body fails to recognize foreign invaders." b. "Autoimmune disorders result from an exaggerated response to allergens." c. ' Autoimmune disorders occur when the immune system attacks the body's own cells.'’ d. "Autoimmune disorders happen due to an inherited lack of B cells." 9. Which organ is primarily responsible for T cell maturation? a. Spleen b. Thymus

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    c. Bone marrow d. Liver 10. Which type of immunity is provided through the passage of maternal antibodies to a fetus? a. Artificial active immunity b. Natural active immunity c. Artificial passive immunity d. Natural passive immunity Select-All-That-Apply (SATA) Questions 11. Which of the following are components of the innate immune system? (Select all that apply.) a. Skin and mucous membranes b. T cells c. Lysozyme in saliva d. B cells e. Stomach acid 12. Which cells play a major role in adaptive immunity? (Select all that apply.) a. B cells b. T cells c. Macrophages d. Natural killer (NK) cells e. Neutrophils 13. What are the functions of antibodies? (Select all that apply.) a. Neutralizing toxins b. Stimulating histamine release

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    c. Enhancing phagocytosis d. Directly attacking viruses e. Activating the complement system 14. Which of the fallowing are characteristics of adaptive immunity? (Select all that apply.) a. Provides a nonspecific response b. Involves memory cells c. Includes humoral and cell-mediated responses d. Is present from birth e. Requires antigen exposure for activation 15. Which are possible consequences of immunocompromise? (Select all that apply.) a. Increased susceptibility to infections b. Overreaction to harmless substances c. Decreased ability to mount an immune response d. Enhanced resistance to infections e. Development of autoimmune disorders 16. Which of the following describe the role of T lymphocytes? (Select all that apply.) a. Releasing lymphokines to attract macrophages b. Directly attacking infected or abnormal cells c. Producing antibodies d. Providing long-term immunity e. Recognizing specific antigens 17. Which statements about hypersensitivity reactions are true? (Select all that apply.) a. Type I reactions involve IgE and can cause anaphylaxis.

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    b. Type II reactions involve cytotoxic responses, such as hemolytic reactions. c. Type III reactions are cell-mediated and occur in conditions like contact dermatitis. d. Type IV reactions are antibody-mediated. e. Type III reactions involve immune complex deposition and inflammation. 18. Which of the following are common autoimmune disorders? (Select all that apply.) a. Rheumatoid arthritis b. Type 1 diabetes c. Multiple sclerosis d. Chronic bronchitis e. Systemic lupus erythematosus 19. Which statements about B cells are correct? (Select all that apply.) a. They require antigen stimulation for activation. b. They produce antibodies. c. They function primarily in cell-mediated immunity. d. They originate and mature in the bone marrow. e. They are responsible for the innate immune response. 20. Which factors can trigger an allergic response? (Select all that apply.) a. Pollen b. Pet dander c. Latex d. Autoantibodies e. Food allergens Rationales

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    1. B - Immunocompetence refers to the immune system's ability to recognize self from nonself. 2. C - Physical, mechanical, and chemical barriers form the first line of defense. 3. C - T cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity. 4. B - B cells produce antibodies. 5. B - Adaptive immunity has memory, while innate immunity does not. 6. B - Vaccination provides artificial active immunity. 7. A - Type I hypersensitivity is IgE-mediated and leads to anaphylaxis. 8. C - Autoimmune disorders result from the immune system attacking self-cells. 9. B - The thymus is responsible for T cell maturation. 10. D - Natural passive immunity occurs through maternal antibodies. 11. A, C, E - Innate immunity includes barriers like skin, enzymes, and stomach acid. 12. A, B - Adaptive immunity primarily involves B and T cells. 13. A, C, E - Antibodies neutralize toxins, enhance phagocytosis, and activate complement. 14. B, C, E - Adaptive immunity has memory, includes humoral and cell-mediated responses, and requires antigen exposure. 15. A, C, E - Immunocompromise leads to infections, reduced responses, and autoimmune risks. 16. A, B. E - T cells attract macrophages, attack cells, and recognize antigens. 17. A, B„ E - Type I is IgE-mediated, Type II is cytotoxic, and Type III involves immune complexes. 18. A, B, C, E - These are well-known autoimmune diseases. 19. A, B, D - B cells mature in bone marrow, require antigen activation, and produce antibodies. 20. A, B, C, E - Allergies can be triggered by pollen, pet dander, latex, and food allergens. Let me know if you need modifications or additional questions!

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    Here are additional NCLEX-style questions covering the new content from the uploaded images. This set indudes multiple-choice and select-all-that-apply (SATA) questions with rationales at the bottom. NCLEX-Style Questions Multiple-Choice Questions 1. Which statement best describes humoral immunity? a. It is mediated by T cells and involves direct cell attack. b. It is mediated by B cells and involves antibody production. c. It involves the activation of natural killer (NK) cells. d. It relies on macrophages to kill pathogens. 2. What is the primary function of the complement system in immunity? a. To stimulate antibody production b. To destroy the cell membranes of bacteria c. To produce B and T lymphocytes d. To directly attack viruses 3. Which of the following is an example of passive immunity? a. A person recovering from an infection b. A person receiving a vaccine c. A newborn receiving antibodies from breast milk d. A person developing immunity after being exposed to a virus 4. Which hypersensitivity reaction is characterized by the release of histamine from mast cells? a. Type I b. Type II c. Type III d Type IV

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    Which cells play a dominant role in cell-mediated immunity? 5 a. B cells b T cells c. Macrophages d. Basophils 6. A patient v»ith a Type I hypersensitivity reaction is experiencing bronchoconstriction and hypotension. What is the priority nursing intervention? a. Administer an antihistamine b. Give intravenous fluids c. Administer epinephrine d. Apply a cold compress 7. Which organ is responsible for the maturation of T lymphocytes? a. Spleen b. Thymus c. Bone marrow d. Lymph nodes 8. Which factor can increase the severity of a hypersensitivity reaction? a. The route of exposure b. The presence of IgM antibodies c. Low allergen concentration d. Mild genetic predisposition 9. What is the role of helper T cells (CD4)? a. They directly attack infected cells. b. They produce antibodies. c. They activate B cells and phagocytes.

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    d. They function in innate immunity. 10. What effect does aging have on the immune system? a. Bone marrow activity decreases significantly. b. There is an increased response to infections. c. There is a decline in T cell function. d. The immune response becomes more aggressive. Select-AII-That-Apply (SATA) Questions 11. Which of the following are characteristics of Type I hypersensitivity reactions? (Select all that apply.) a. IgE-mediated b. Can cause anaphylaxis c. Delayed hypersensitivity reaction d. Immediate allergic response e. Involves immune complex deposition 12. Which are common clinical manifestations of hypersensitivity reactions? (Select all that apply.) a. Pruritus b. Hypotension c. Bronchoconstriction d. Increased energy levels e. Urticaria 13. What are key functions of antibodies? (Select all that apply.) a. Neutralization of toxins b. Phagocytosis of bacteria c. Activation of the complement system

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