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Abnormal Psychology: A Scientist-Practitioner Approach 4th Edition Test Bank

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    1 TOTAL Chapter 1 Abnormal Psychology: Historical and Modern Perspectives ASSESSMENT GUIDE Topic Factual Conceptual Applied Learning Objective 1.1 Multiple Choice 1 True/False 77, 78 Essay 96 Learning Objective 1.2 Multiple Choice 5, 6, 2, 4, 3 True/False 79 Essay 97, 98 Learning Objective 1.3 Multiple Choice True/False 80 Essay Learning Objective 1.4 Multiple Choice 7 True/False Essay Learning Objective 1.5 Multiple Choice 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15 12, 17, 18, 19 16 True/False 81, 82 Essay 99 100 Learning Objective 1.6 Multiple Choice 20 True/False Essay Learning Objective 1.7 Multiple Choice 21, 22, 25, 23 , 24 True/False 83, 84 Essay 101 Learning Objective 1.8 Multiple Choice True/False Essay Learning Objective 1.9 Multiple Choice 26, 29, 30, 31, 32, 34 35 33 True/False 85 Essay 102, 103, 104

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    2 TOTAL Chapter 1 Abnormal Psychology: Historical and Modern Perspectives (cont.) ASSESSMENT GUIDE Topic Factual Conceptual Applied Learning Objective 1.10 Multiple Choice 37 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44 , 45 27, 36, 38 , 46 True/False 86, 87 Essay 105 Learning Objective 1.11 Multiple Choice 47 48 True/False Essay 96 , 106 Learning Objective 1.12 Multiple Choice 52, 58, 62, 28, 49, 50 , 54, 55, 60, 63, 66, 51, 53 , 56, 57, 59, 61 True/False 88, 89, 90, 91 , 92 Essay 107, 108 Learning Objective 1.13 Multiple Choice 64, 65, 67, 68, 69 70 True/False Essay 109 Learning Objective 1.14 Multiple Choice 71, 72, 74 73, 75 76 True/False 93 94 95 Essay 110

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    3 Chapter 1 Abnormal Psychology: Historical and Modern Perspectives Multiple Choice: 1) In psychology, if the term “abnormal” means “away from normal,” what problem does this definition present when categorizing someone as being “abnormal”? A) It does not measure standard deviations. B) It does not assume that deviation on both sides of average is negative. C) It does not assume abnormality is negative. D) It does not allow for positive deviations. ANSWER: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 3 Topic: Normal vs. Abnormal Behavior LO : 1.1 Skill: Conceptual 2) The term “deviance” implies __________. A) looking different B) behaving differently C) having a mental illness D) engaging in criminal wrongdoing ANSWER: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 3 Topic: Normal vs. Abnormal Behavior LO : 1.2 Skill: Conceptual 3) Gerry is a night watchman who has worked at the same company for 25 years. He is described as very shy and withdrawn around others. While this behavior is not problematic at work, his relatives find him “weird” and tend to shun him at family gatherings. Despite encouragement by his immediate family to mingle, Gerry hardly speaks to others at these events. According to the “goodness - of - fit” concept, Gerry’s behavior would __________. A) not be viewed as a problem at family gatherings B) not be viewed as a problem at work but would be viewed as a problem at family gatherings C) not be viewed as a problem at all D) only be viewed as a problem if it caused difficulty for his immediate family ANSWER: B Diff: 3 Page Ref: 4

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    4 Topic: Normal vs. Abnormal Behavior LO : 1.2 Skill: Applied 4) Which of the following terms is defined as the shared behavioral patterns and lifestyles that differentiate one group of people from another? A) race B) ethnicity C) culture D) group expectations ANSWER: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 5 Topic: Normal vs. Abnormal Behavior LO : 1.2 Skill: Conceptual 5) Which statement below is TRUE of the original definition of a culture - bound syndrome ? A) It is less severe than other forms of mental illness. B) The abnormal behavior is specific to a particular location or group. C) It is usually found only in children. D) The behavior usually requires hospitalization in the home culture. ANSWER: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 5 Topic: Normal vs. Abnormal Behavior LO : 1.2 Skill: Factual 6) The case of James Eagan Holmes described in your text highlights the A) shift from eccentricity to behaving dangerously. B) stereotyping of a person with mental illness. C) importance of early intervention in culture - bound illnesses . D) influence of the media on defining abnormal behavior. ANSWER: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 6 Topic: Normal vs. Abnormal Behavior LO : 1.2 Skill: Factual 7) Juan is a freshman at a local university. He gets up at the same time each day and follows the same pattern: showering and shaving, dressing, and checking his backpack for required books, notebooks, and pens. Early in the first semester, this behavior took approximately 30 minutes. As the semester progressed, Juan spent more and more time checking and rechecking his backpack to make sure he had everything he needed. Toward the end of the semester, Juan was always late

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    5 for his first class because of his “thoroughness.” A psychologist might conclude that Juan’s behavior is __________. A) typical for a conscientious student B) dysfunctional even if not distressful C) not abnormal because it does not cause problems for others D) normal according to the “goodness - of - fit” model ANSWER: B Diff: 3 Page Ref: 7 Topic: Normal vs. Abnormal Behavior LO : 1.4 Skill: Applied 8) According to your text, abnormal behavior is defined as behavior that is inconsistent with the individual’s developmental, cultural, and societal norms, creates emotional distress, or __________. A) is seen by others as deviant B) interferes with daily functioning C) is “culturally bound” D) is aligned with the “goodness - of - fit” model ANSWER: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 8 Topic: Normal vs. Abnormal Behavior LO : 1.5 Skill: Factual 9) The etiology of a disorder refers to __________. A) the developmental stage in which a disorder appears B) the cultural context of a disorder C) what causes a disorder D) how a culture impacts a disorder ANSWER: C Diff: 1 Page Ref: 8 Topic: Normal vs. Abnormal Behavior LO : 1.5 Skill: Factual 10) Approximately what total percentage of adults in the U.S. have suffered from a psychological disorder at some time in their lives? A) 10% B) 25% C) 38% D) 47%

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    6 ANSWER: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: 8 Topic: Normal vs. Abnormal Behavior LO : 1.5 Skill: Factual 11) Of all disorders reported in the U.S., the most common are major depression and __________. A) anxiety disorders B) alcohol dependence C) schizophrenic disorders D) personality disorder ANSWER: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 8 Topic: Normal vs. Abnormal Behavior LO : 1.5 Skill: Factual 12) Which of the following is a characteristic of the DSM - 5? A) It is dimensional . B) It is categorical. C) It is used by mental health professionals in every country . D) It is written by Sigmund Freud . ANSWER: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 8 Topic: Normal vs. Abnormal Behavior LO : 1.5 Skill: Conceptual 13) Women are more likely to suffer from which of the following? A) alcohol and drug abuse B) mood disorders and anxiety disorders C) alcohol abuse and mood disorders D) depression and anxiety disorders ANSWER: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: 9 Topic: Normal vs. Abnormal Behavior LO : 1.5 Skill: Factual 14) Except for drug and alcohol abuse, the highest rates of psychological disorders are found among persons with the lowest incomes and __________.

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    7 A) least amount of education B) highest number of siblings C) female gender D) suburban places of residence ANSWER: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 9 Topic: Normal vs. Abnormal Behavior LO : 1.5 Skill: Factual 15) Which of the following approaches would allow an understanding of how abnormal behavior varies in severity over time, perhaps increasing and decreasing, or how behaviors change from one disorder to another? A) categorical B) dimensional C) orthogonal D) rational ANSWER: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 9 Topic: Normal vs. Abnormal Behavior LO : 1.5 Skill: Factual 16) William is a well - educated 40 - year - old man who suffers from schizophrenic disorder. Originally, he was employed as a computer programmer, but he was fired two months ago because of chronic absenteeism. For the last several weeks he has been homeless. He sleeps at night in a cardboard box behind a Dunkin Donut after closing time. Which of the following terms is used to describe William’s current plight? A) d ownward shift B) d ownward drift C) d ownward SES D) d ownward trajectory ANSWER: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 9 Topic: Normal vs. Abnormal Behavior LO : 1.5 Skill: Applied 17) Janet is five years old from a low - i ncome family, and Karen is the same age but comes from a very wealthy family. Which of the following statements is most accurate? A) Karen will develop a psychological disorder and Janet will not. B) Janet will develop a psychological disorder and Karen will not.

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    8 C) Janet and Karen have an equal chance of developing a disorder . D) There’s no chance that either will develop a disorder. ANSWER: C Diff: 3 Page Ref: 9 - 10 Topic: Normal vs. Abnormal Behavior LO : 1.5 Skill: Conceptual 18) The concept of “developmental trajectory” expresses the notion that __________. A) symptoms of a disorder are always most severe in childhood B) symptoms of a disorder may vary depending on a person’s age C) age determines the presence of a disorder but not symptom expression D) a person’s developmental stage has little bearing on a given diagnosis ANSWER: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 10 Topic: Normal vs. Abnormal Behavior LO : 1.5 Skill: Conceptual 19) James and Karen are siblings. According to your textbook, which of the following statements is most accurate? A) They are likely to develop psychological disorders at the same time . B) Karen will develop psychological disorders first . C) James will develop psychological disorders first . D) Their parents will develop psychological disorders first . ANSWER: C Diff: 3 Page Ref: 1 1 Topic: Normal vs. Abnormal Behavior LO : 1.5 Skill: Conceptual 20) Trephination, as practiced by ancient cultures, was a process whereby __________. A) the two halves of the brain were severed B) a small opening was made in the eye socket C) the inner ear was punctured with a sharp object D) certain portions of the skull were cut away ANSWER: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1 2 - 13 Topic: The History of Abnormal Behavior and Its Treatment LO : 1.6 Skill: Factual

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    9 21) The ancient Greek physician Asclepius foreshadowed modern treatment for psychological disorders in that he __________. A) founded the first pharmacy that prescribed psychoactive medication for patients B) based his practice on the idea that trephination, as an early medical intervention, was successful for most disorders C) invented the practice of placing patients in cool baths to relieve stress D) founded the first sanctuary for mental disorders offering a variety of treatments ANSWER: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1 3 Topic: The History of Abnormal Behavior and Its Treatment LO : 1.7 Skill: Factual 22) Hippocrates identified symptoms of abnormal behavior still recognized today by psychologists. These symptoms include hallucinations, delusions, melancholia, and __________. A) avoidance B) mania C) tremors D) psychosis ANSWER: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1 3 Topic: The History of Abnormal Behavior and Its Treatment LO : 1.7 Skill: Factual 23) Felicia believes that her cell phone is beginning to control her thoughts. She noticed this after she switched phone plans and thinks the problem began with the new service. This belief would typically be known as a __________. A) delusion B) hallucination C) hysterical episode D) melancholic thought ANSWER: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1 3 Topic: The History of Abnormal Behavior and Its Treatment LO : 1.7 Skill: Applied 24 ) John is walking home one day when he starts feeling very sad , seeing strange objects , and hearing strange sounds. This is an example of which of the following? A) delusion B) melancholia C) hysterical episode D) melancholic thought

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    10 ANSWER: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1 3 Topic: The History of Abnormal Behavior and Its Treatment LO : 1.7 Skill: Applied 25) Hippocrates believed that maladaptive behaviors were caused by an imbalance in bodily humors that originated either with physical factors or __________. A) demonic possession B) the wrath of the gods C) a shifting of lunar tides D) a change in the seasons ANSWER: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1 3 Topic: The History of Abnormal Behavior and Its Treatment LO : 1.7 Skill: Factual 26) Which of the following began to classify schizophrenia scientifically? A) Freud B) Kraepelin C) Hippocrates D) Galen ANSWER: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1 7 Topic: The History of Abnormal Behavior and Its Treatment LO : 1.9 Skill: Factual 27) During which phase does a child’s energy focus on their genitals? A) anal B) phallic C) oral D) genital ANSWER: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 18 Topic: The History of Abnormal Behavior and Its Treatment LO : 1.10 Skill: Applied 28) Joseph Wolpe invented which of the following? A) dream analysis B) operant conditioning

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    11 C) psychoanalysis D) systematic desensitization ANSWER: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: 28 Topic: The History of Abnormal Behavior and Its Treatment LO : 1.12 Skill: Conceptual 29) Our modern use of the word “bedlam,” denoting a chaotic situation, is historically rooted in which of the following practices? A) a llowing hysterics to act out their beliefs B) w arehousing of mentally ill persons C) a llowing witch hunters to convict and hang witches D) w arehousing entire families believed to be mentally ill ANSWER: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1 5 Topic: The History of Abnormal Behavior and Its Treatment LO : 1.8 Skill: Factual 30) The first physician to adopt a form of occupational therapy for patients was __________. A) Pinel B) Paracelsus C) Dix D) Hippocrates ANSWER: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1 5 Topic: The History of Abnormal Behavior and Its Treatment LO : 1.9 Skill: Factual 31) William Tuke, a contemporary of Philippe Pinel, proposed that patients live, work, and relax in a compassionate and religious environment. This philosophy was the foundation for __________. A) community treatment B) moral treatment C) voluntary commitment D) individual treatment ANSWER: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1 5 - 16 Topic: The History of Abnormal Behavior and Its Treatment LO : 1.9

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    12 Skill: Factual 32) Although Anton Mesmer was criticized for his animal magnetism approach to treatment, he managed to demonstrate the importance of __________. A) a physician’s training B) energy flow C) humane treatment D) the placebo effect ANSWER: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1 7 Topic: The History of Abnormal Behavior and Its Treatment LO : 1.9 Skill: Factual 33) Darien is 3 years old. He slips off a step, falls, and bruises his knee. Upon picking the crying toddler up, Darien’s mother kisses his knee and gives him an M&M. Magically, Darien’s pain disappears. This phenomenon would be known as the __________ in psychology. A) Mesmer effect B) talking cure C) placebo effect D) classical conditioning effect ANSWER: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1 7 Topic: The History of Abnormal Behavior and Its Treatment LO : 1.9 Skill: Applied 34) Emil Kraepelin is best known for his contributions to the study of schizophrenia. He introduced two new diagnostic categories of disordered behavior — dementia praecox and manic - depressive insanity — based on symptom differentiation, __________, and __________. A) etiology; prognosis B) etiology; physiology C) prognosis; symptomology D) prognosis; physiology ANSWER: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1 8 Topic: The History of Abnormal Behavior and Its Treatment LO : 1.9 Skill: Factual 35) Which of the following statements about Josef Breuer’s approach to the case of Anna O. is TRUE?

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    13 A) He recognized that Anna’s difficulty moving her legs was due to general paresis, so he treated her with medication. B) Breuer believed that only psychoanalysis would help cure the hysteria manifested by Anna. C) He believed that the animal magnetism concept could be effective if the patient had faith in the placebo effect. D) Breuer believed that hypnosis could have a beneficial effect by allowing Anna to discuss events and experiences relevant to the disorder. ANSWER: D Diff: 2 Page Ref: 1 8 Topic: The History of Abnormal Behavior and Its Treatment LO : 1.9 Skill: Conceptual 36) Jeffrey’s therapist is conducting an initial interview with him. The therapist spends a lot of time asking questions about Jeffrey’s parents and his early life experiences. Since he seems to view Jeffrey’s parents as the “root cause” of his problems, this therapist is most likely oriented toward __________. A) psychoanalysis B) humanism C) behaviorism D) behavioral genetics ANSWER: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 18 Topic: The History of Abnormal Behavior and Its Treatment LO : 1.10 Skill: Applied 37) According to Freud’s theory, the id is __________. A) the source of basic drives and of psychic energy B) capable of delaying gratification through its conscience C) controlled by the superego but not by the ego D) located at the conscious level of awareness ANSWER: A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 18 Topic: The History of Abnormal Behavior and Its Treatment LO : 1.10 Skill: Factual 38) Raul is a college freshman who looks forward to weekend parties at college. He especially likes to play “beer pong” and is known on campus as a champion player. After a recent party, Raul received a DUI citation. Raul’s parents have urged him to seek treatment for his “alcohol problem,” but Raul refuses. He does not believe he has a drinking problem. In Freud’s theory, which of the following defense mechanisms is Raul likely using?

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    14 A) i ntellectualization B) r ationalization C) d enial D) r epression ANSWER: C Diff: 3 Page Ref: 19 Topic: The History of Abnormal Behavior and Its Treatment LO : 1.10 Skill: Applied 39) James did not study for the test and failed. Instead of admitting that his lack of studying caused this result, he claims that a nightmare he had made it impossible for him to focus on the exam. In Freud’s theory, which of the following defense mechanisms is Raul likely using? A) i ntellectualization B) r ationalization C) d enial D) r epression ANSWER: B Diff: 3 Page Ref: 19 Topic: The History of Abnormal Behavior and Its Treatment LO : 1.10 Skill: Conceptual 40 ) Kyle has a great urge to hit people, but instead decides to let out his anger by becoming a boxing champion. In Freud’s theory, which of the fol lowing defense mechanisms is Kyle likely using? A) s ublimation B) r ationalization C) d enial D) r epression ANSWER: A Diff: 3 Page Ref: 19 Topic: The History of Abnormal Behavior and Its Treatment LO : 1.10 Skill: Conceptual 41 ) Roger believes that he was molested as a child, but cannot recall any of the details. This refer s to which of the following defense mechanisms ? A) i ntellectualization B) r ationalization C) d enial D) r epression

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    15 ANSWER: D Diff: 3 Page Ref: 19 Topic: The History of Abnormal Behavior and Its Treatment LO : 1.10 Skill: Conceptual 42) In the classical conditioning paradigm demonstrated by Pavlov through his study of the physiology of dog digestion, what was the UCS? A) b ell B) f ood powder C) Pavlov D) s alivating ANSWER: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 2 0 - 21 Topic: The History of Abnormal Behavior and Its Treatment LO : 1.10 Skill: Conceptual 43) In Pavlov’s experiment with dogs, classical conditioning was demonstrated when the __________. A) UCS elicited the CR. B) UCS elicited the UCR. C) CS elicited the CR. D) CS was paired with the UCS. ANSWER: C Diff: 3 Page Ref: 2 0 - 21 Topic: The History of Abnormal Behavior and Its Treatment LO : 1.10 Skill: Conceptual 44) Carol got food poisoning once from a burger and now she becomes nauseated every time she sees a commercial for burgers. In this scenario, the image of the burger is the __________. A) UCS B) CR C) UCR D) CS ANSWER: D Diff: 3 Page Ref: 2 0 - 21 Topic: The History of Abnormal Behavior and Its Treatment LO : 1.10 Skill: Conceptual

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