Health Psychology: Theory, Research and Practice Fourth Edition Test Bank

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Chapter 11.Fill in the missing word: Health is a state of well-being with satisfaction of physical, cultural,psychosocial, _________and spiritual needs, notsimply the absence of illness.*a.economicb.educationalc.environmentald.experiential2.The hierarchy of needs was proposed by:a.Murrayb.MacDonaldc.Marks*d.Maslow3.In the hierarchy of needs, themost basic level is defined as:a.safetyb.belongingc.esteem*d.physiological4.In the hierarchy of needs, the highest level is defined as:a.safetyb.belongingc.esteem*d.self-actualization

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5.Who defined happiness as:‘the meaning and the purpose of life, the wholeaim and end of humanexistence’? Was it:*a.Aristotleb.Dienerc.Doyald.Maslow6.According to _________ subjective well-being is:‘An umbrella term for different valuations thatpeople make regarding their lives, the events happening to them, their bodies and minds, and thecircumstances in which they live’.a.Aristotle*b.Dienerc.Doyald.Maslow7.QoL is an acronym for the phrase:a.quality of livingb.quality of learning*c.quality of lifed.quality of liking8.According to Diener and Chan (2011), having high subjective well-being, adds ___ years to one’slife:a.1–2b.2–4c.4–5*d.4–10

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9.A popular term for a person who smokes, eats fatty foods, drinks alcohol and watches TV manyhours every day is:a.lucky devilb.lazy lumpc.couch cowboy*d.couch potato10.A term used for an environment that is conducive to eating too much and taking too littleexercise is:*a.obesogenicb.oboozogenicc.obeasogenicd.obusogenic

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Chapter 21.A baby in Sierra Leone has a __% chance of making it to age 5:*a.72b.82c.92d.622.___ million people die each year from a water related disease (2014 figures):a.1.4b.2.4*c.3.4d.4.43.___million people lackingaccess to clean drinking water (2014 figures):a.480b.580c.680*d.7804.___ billion people have no access to a toilet (2014 figures):a.0.5b.1.5c.2.5*d.3.55.Which of the following does not fall within the ideology of individualism?

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a.‘each man for himself’b.‘you made your bed, now lie in it’c.‘do or die’*d.‘one for all, all for one’6..___________billion people live on less than 1.25 dollars per day–i.e. more than one person inevery five (2014 figures):a.0.5b. 1*c.1.5d. 27.In the Whitehall Study, which of the following was not found to buffer the effect of work stress onmental and physical health?a.social supportb.effort-reward balancec.job security*d.organizational instability8.In a study of health gradients in African countries, high _______ among mothers, and access to_____ supplies and ______ are highly associated with low infant mortality. Fill in the three missingwords:*a.literacywatertoiletsb.illiteracyfoodwoodc.illiteracyfoodhospitals9. ‘Child-bearing is essentially necessary to the physical health and long life, the mental happiness,the development of the affections and whole character of women. Woman exists for the sake of the_____’(Holbrook,1871). Fill in the missing word:a. child

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*b. wombc. homed. family10.One of the cornerstones of masculinity is said to be___________:*a.violenceb.loyaltyc.justiced.truth

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Chapter 31.One of the earliest reports on the relationship between health and social conditions was explainedby the work of which of the following physicians:a.Alfred Adler (1870–1937)b.Cicely Saunders (1918–2005)*c.Louis-Rene Villerme (1782–1863)d.Charles Horace Mayo (1865–1939)2.Which of the following statements is true:a.stigmatization is a form of social oppression and operates to disqualify and marginalizestigmatized individuals from full social acceptance and participationb.stigmatization can be internalized which can lead to feelings of guilt and shame. Healthcareprofessionals are as likely to stigmatize as any other group, influencing their behavior and decision-makingin the provision of health care*c.both of the aboved. neither of the above3.In May 2013, the Assisted Dying Bill was tabled at the UK House of Lords.This bill was modelledon a law in which US State:*a.Oregonb.New Yorkc.Californiad.Texas4.Before a life ending drug can be prescribed and dispensed, the Assisted Dying bill requires twodoctors to confirm which of the following:a.that the person requesting the drug is terminally illb.that the person requesting the drug is capable of making this decisionc.that the person requesting the drug has formed a settled intention to die*d.all of the above

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5.Which of the following social scientists is best known for her/his work on social capital:*a.Robert Putnamb.Leon Festingerc.Max Weberd.Simone de Beauvoir6.Which type of social capital refers to inward looking social ties that bind the community together:a.bridging social capital*b.bonding social capitalc.communal social capitald.none of the above7.Which of the following is a common criticism of social capital as an explanatory concept:*a.lack of clarity of exactly what the term impliesb.insufficient research on the link between social capital and healthc.irrelevance to local contextsd.all of the above8.Which of the following is important in mobilizing communities to promote health:a.development of strategic alliances for grassroots organizationsb.transformation of power relationshipsc.strengthening supportive environment*d.all of the above9.In the case study presented, which term was used to refer to the disadvantaged and marginalizedcommunities who helped to mobilize action to improve the living and working conditions of popularclasses in Chile:

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a.populados*b.pobladoresc.libertadesd.activistas10.It has been recognized that while facilitating critical thinking is useful, this process doesnotinevitably lead to action.Which of the following was recommended by Vaughan (2014) to promotecommunity mobilization:a.increase social knowledgeb.improve self-efficacy*c.support transformative action in contextd.none of the above

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Chapter 41.According to Ayurvedic traditions, which of the following refers to the femalecomponent that comprises each human being:*a.Prakrtib.Purusac.BothPrakrtiandPurusad.NeitherPrakrtinorPurusa2.Which of the following dimension(s) is/are paramount in understanding Africanhealth beliefs:a. spiritual influencesb. communal orientation*c. both a and bd. neither a nor b3.Which of the following form of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM)involves the use of plants and plant extracts to treat illnesses or to promotewellbeing:a. homeopathy*b. herbal medicinec. reflexologyd. acupuncture4.Which of the following form of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM)involves the use of highly diluted substances to trigger the body’s natural healingsystem:*a. homeopathyb. herbal medicinec. reflexologyd. acupuncture5.Which of the following scholars is best known for her/his development of modernaromatherapy as therapeutic practice:a.Robert Boyleb.Marie Curie*c.Rene-Maurice Gattefossed.Mario Molina

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6.Which of the following refers to a treatment that consists of nothing other than asimulation of the active treatment, used as a control condition in some studies:a. simulator*b. placeboc. dummyd. palliative7.Which of the following is a persistent problem among indigenous communities:a. shortened life expectancyb. maternal ill-health and high mortalityc. inadequate systematic data to allow surveillance and improvement of Indigenoushealthcare*d. all of the above8.Which of the following statements is correct:a. experiences of discrimination are related to stress that could potentially lead tochronic illnessesb. there are strong associations between racial discrimination and common mentalhealth problems among adultsc. there are strong associations between racial discrimination and common mentalhealth problems among children and young people*d. all of the above9.Culturally competent health care involves developing which of the following:a. culturally sensitive staffb. culturally appropriate materialsc. culturally sensitive systems*d.allof the above10.Which of the following statements is correct:a. cultural competence only involves front line health care staff*b. interventions that aim to improve cultural competence among health careprofessionals can help to increase knowledge of cultural issues in health carec. there is no significant relationship between cultural competence and clinical healthoutcomesd. all of the above

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Chapter 51. ______________methods seek to build a systematic understanding of a culture fromtheviewpoint of the insider:*a. ethnographicb. qualitativec. interviewd. questionnaire2.The role of the researcher in the __________is to act as the moderator:a.experimentb.interview*c.focus groupd.questionnaire3.‘Through a process of abduction the researcher begins to develop certain theoreticalhypotheses.These hypotheses are then integrated into a tentative theoretical model thatis tested as more datais collected.’This refers to:a. historical analysis*b. grounded theory analysisc. interpretativephenomenologicalanalysisd. meta-analysis4.These designs involve measuring responses of a single sample on more than one occasion:a.cross-sectionalb.experimentation*c.longitudinald.cross-over5.The ability of a study to find a statistically significant effect when a genuine effect exists is called:

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*a.powerb.predictionc.probabilityd.performance6.Lack of ___________ has been a bone of contention in many areas of psychology,including healthpsychology:a.hypothesesb.predictions*c.replicationd.models7.A systematic method for determining how a sample of participants respond to a set of standardquestions attempting to assess their feelings, attitudes, beliefs or knowledge at one or more times iscalled a:a.auestionnaireb.interviewc.study*d.survey8.In a survey the investigator must be cautious that the procedures do not generate any:*a.self-fulfilling propheciesb.ruffled feathersc.unanswered questionsd.questions9.A way of integrating research that aims to limit bias is called a:a.narrative review*b.systematic review

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c.literature reviewd.wholistic review10.A method of classifying items that has a systematic structure or organization of classification iscalled a:a.listb.narrative*c.taxonomyd.classification

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Chapter 61.The last stage of change in the TTM is:*a.maintenanceb.contemplationc.preparationd.action2.Lack of ecological validity in tests of theories refers to:a.non-sustainabilityb.non-significancec.unreliability*d.non-generalizability3.A tautology is a statement that is necessarily:*a.trueb.invalidc.falsed.meaningless4.The following issues can impede progress in research:a.lack of replicationb.selective publication of positive findingsc.fraud*d.all of the above5.SCMs do not address __________issues about risky behaviours:*a.motivational

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