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Health Psychology: Theory, Research and Practice Fourth Edition Test Bank

Health Psychology: Theory, Research and Practice Fourth Edition Test Bank helps you stay ahead with key concepts, problem-solving approaches, and exam success strategies.

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    Chapter 1 1 . Fill in the missing word: Health is a state of well - being with satisfaction of physical, cultural, psychosocial, _________and spiritual needs, not simply the absence of illness. * a. economic b. educational c. environmental d. experiential 2 . The hie rarchy of needs was proposed by: a. Murray b. MacDonald c. Marks * d. Maslow 3 . In the hierarchy of needs, the most basic level is defined as: a. s afety b. b elonging c. e steem * d. p hysiological 4 . In the hierarchy of needs, the highest level is defined as : a. s afety b. b elonging c. e steem * d. s elf - actualization

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    5 . Who defined happiness as: ‘ the meaning and the purpose of life, the whole aim and end of human existence’? W as it: * a. Aristotle b. Diener c. Doyal d. Maslow 6 . According to _________ subjective well - being is: ‘ An umbrella term for different valuations that people make regarding their lives, the events happening to them, their bodies and minds, and the circumstances in which they live ’ . a. Aristotle * b. Diener c. Doyal d. Maslow 7 . QoL is an acronym for the phrase: a. q uality of living b. q uality of learning * c. q uality of life d. q uality of liking 8 . According to Diener and Chan (2011), having high subjective well - being, adds ___ years to one’s life: a. 1 – 2 b. 2 – 4 c. 4 – 5 * d. 4 – 10

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    9 . A popular term for a person who smokes, eats fatty foods, drinks alcohol and watches TV many hours every day is: a. l ucky devil b. l azy lump c. c ouch cowboy * d. c ouch potato 10 . A term used for an environment that is conducive to eating too much and taking too little exercise is: * a. obesogenic b. oboozogenic c. obeasogenic d. obusogenic

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    Chapter 2 1 . A baby in Sierra Leone has a __% chance of making it to age 5 : * a. 72 b. 82 c. 92 d. 62 2. ___ million people die each year from a water related di sease (2014 figures): a. 1.4 b. 2.4 * c. 3.4 d. 4.4 3. ___ million people lacking access to clea n drinking water (2014 figures): a. 480 b. 580 c. 680 * d. 780 4. ___ billion people have no ac cess to a toilet (2014 figures): a. 0.5 b. 1.5 c. 2.5 * d. 3.5 5. Which of the following does not fall within the ideology of individualism?

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    a. ‘each man for himself’ b. ‘you made your bed, now lie in it’ c. ‘do or die’ * d. ‘one for all, all for one’ 6. . ___________ billion people live on less than 1.25 dollars per day – i.e. more than one person in every five (2014 figures) : a. 0.5 b. 1 * c. 1.5 d. 2 7 . In the Whitehall Study, which of the following was not found to buffer the effect of work stress on mental and physical health? a. social support b. effort - reward balance c. job security * d. organizational instability 8 . In a study of health gradients in African countries, high _______ among mothers, and access to _____ supplies and ______ are highly associated with low infant mortality. Fill in the three missing words: * a. literacy water toilets b. illiteracy food wood c. illiteracy food hospitals 9 . ‘ C hild - bearing is essentially necessary to the physical health and long life, the mental happiness, the development of the affections and whole character of women. Woman exists for the sake of the _____ ’ (Holbrook, 1871). Fill in the missing word: a. c hild

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    * b. w omb c. h ome d. f amily 10 . One of the cornerston es of masculinity is said to be ___________ : * a. violence b. loyalty c. justice d. truth

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    Chapter 3 1. One of the earliest reports on the relationship between health and social conditions was explained by the work of which of the following physicians: a. Alfred Adler (1870 – 1937) b. Cicely Saunders (1918 – 2005) * c. Louis - Rene Villerme (1782 – 1863) d. Charles Horace Mayo (1865 – 1939) 2. Which of the following statements is true: a. s tigmatization is a form of social oppression and operates to disqualify and marginalize stigmatized individuals from full soci al acceptance and participation b. s tigmatization can be internalized which can lead to feelings of guilt and shame. Healthcare professionals are as likely to stigmatize as any other group, influencing their behavior and decision - making in the provision of health care * c. b oth of the above d. neither of the above 3. In May 2013, the Assisted Dying Bill was ta bled at the UK House of Lords. This bill was modelled on a law in which US State: * a. Oregon b. New York c. California d. Texas 4. Before a life ending drug can be prescribed and dispensed, the Assisted Dying bill requires two doctors to confirm which of the following: a. t hat the person requesting the drug is terminally ill b. t hat the person requesting the drug is capable of making this decision c. t hat the person requesting the drug has formed a settled intention to die * d. a ll of the above

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    5. Which of the following social scientists is best known for her/his work on social capital: * a. Robert Putnam b. Leon Festinger c. Max Weber d. Simone de Beauvoir 6. Which type of social capital refers to inward looking social ties that bind the community together: a. b ridging social capital * b. b onding social capital c. c ommunal social capital d. n one of the above 7. Which of the following is a common criticism of social capital as an explanatory concept: * a. l ack of clarity of exactly what the term implies b. i nsufficient research on the link between social capital and health c. i rrelevance to local contexts d. a ll of the above 8. Which of the following is important in mobilizing communities to promote health: a. d evelopment of strategic alliances for grassroots organizations b. t ransformation of power relationships c. s trengthening supportive environment * d. a ll of the above 9. In the case study presented, which term was used to refer to the disadvantaged and marginalized communities who helped to mobilize action to improve the living and working conditions of popular classes in Chile:

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    a. p opulados * b. p obladores c. l ibertades d. a ctivistas 10. It has been recognized that while facilitating critical thinking is useful, this process does not inevitably lead to action. Which of the following was recommended by Vaughan (2014) to promote community mobilization: a. i ncrease social knowledge b. i mprove self - efficacy * c. s upport transformative action in context d. n one of the above

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    Chapter 4 1. According to Ayurvedic traditions, which of the following refers to the female component that comprises each human being: * a. Prakrti b. Purusa c. Both Prakrti and Purusa d. Neither Prakrti nor Purusa 2. Which of the following dimension(s) is/are paramount in understanding African health beliefs: a. s piritual influences b. c ommunal orientation * c. both a and b d. neither a nor b 3. Which of the following form of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) involves the use of plants and plant extracts to treat illnesses or to promote wellbeing: a. h omeopathy * b. h erbal medicine c. r eflexology d. a cupuncture 4. Which of the following form of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) involves the use of highly diluted substances to trigger the body’s natural healing system: * a. h omeopathy b. h erbal medicine c. r eflexology d. a cupuncture 5. Which of the following scholars is best known for her/his development of modern aromatherapy as therapeutic practice: a. Robert Boyle b. Marie Curie * c. Rene - Maurice Gattefosse d. Mario Molina

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    6. Which of the following refers to a treatment that consists of nothing other than a simulation of the active treatment, used as a control condition in some studies: a. s imulator * b. p lacebo c. d ummy d. p alliative 7. Which of the following is a persistent problem among indigenous communities: a. s hortened life expectancy b. m aternal ill - health and high mortality c. i nadequate systematic data to allow surveillance and improvement of Indigenous healthcare * d. a ll of the above 8. Which of the following statements is correct: a. e xperiences of discrimination are related to stress that could potentially lead to chronic illnesses b. t here are strong associations between racial discrimination and common mental health problems among adults c. t here are strong associations between racial discrimination and common mental health problems among children and young people * d. a ll of the above 9. Culturally competent health care involves developing which of the following: a. c ulturally sensitive staff b. c ulturally appropriate materials c. c ulturally sensitive systems * d.all of the above 10. Which of the following statements is correct: a. c ultural competence only involves front line health care staff * b. i nterventions that aim to improve cultural competence among health care professionals can help to increase knowledge of cultural issues in health care c. t here is no significant relationship between cultural competence and clinical health outcomes d. a ll of the above

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    Chapter 5 1. ______________methods seek to build a systematic understanding of a culture from the viewpoint of the insider: * a. e thnographic b. q ualitative c. i nterview d. q uestionnaire 2. The role of the researcher in the __________ is to act as the moderator: a. experiment b. interview * c. focus group d. questionnaire 3. ‘ Through a process of abduction the researcher begins to develop certain theoretical hypotheses. These hypotheses are then integrated into a tentative theoretical model that is tested as more data is collected. ’ This refers to: a. h istorical analysis * b. g rounded theory analysis c. i nterpretative p henomenological a nalysis d. m eta - analysis 4. These designs involve measuring responses of a single sample on more than one occasion: a. cross - sectional b. experimentation * c. longitudinal d. cross - over 5. The ability of a study to find a statistically significant effect when a genuine effect exists is called:

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    * a. power b. prediction c. probability d. performance 6. Lack of ___________ has been a bone of contention in many areas of psychology, including heal th psychology: a. h ypotheses b. p redictions * c. r eplication d. m odels 7. A systematic method for determining how a sample of participants respond to a set of standard questions attempting to assess their feelings, attitudes, beliefs or knowledge at one or more times is called a : a. a uestionnaire b. i nterview c. s tudy * d. s urvey 8. In a survey the investigator must be cautious that the procedures do not generate any : * a. self - fulfilling prophecies b. ruffled feathers c. unanswered questions d. questions 9. A way of integrating research that aims to limit bias is called a: a. narrative review * b. systematic review

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    c. literature review d. wholistic review 10. A method of classifying items that has a systematic structure or organization of classification is called a: a. l ist b. n arrative * c. t axonomy d. c lassification

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    Chapter 6 1. The last stage of change in the TTM is: * a. m aintenance b. c ontemplation c. p reparation d. a ction 2. Lack of ecological validity in tests of theories refers to: a. non - sustainability b. non - significance c. unreliability * d. non - generalizability 3. A tautology is a statement that is necessarily: * a. true b. invalid c. false d. meaningless 4. The following issues can impede progress in research: a. lack of replication b. selective publication of positive findings c. fraud * d. all of the above 5. SCMs do not address __________ issues about risky behaviours: * a. motivational

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