Introduction to Learning and Behavior 5th Edition Test Bank

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Indicatetheanswerchoicethatbestcompletesthestatementoranswersthequestion.1.Inastudyonexpertperformance,Ericssonetal.(1993)reportedthattop-levelperformerspracticetheircraft:a.foronlyoneortwohoursperday.b.foreightormorehoursperday.c.onlywhentheyfeellikepracticing.d.foraboutfourhoursperday.2.Theconceptthatindividualsorspeciesthatarecapableofadaptingtoenvironmentalpressuresaremorelikelytoreproduceandpassalongtheiradaptivecharacteristicsthanthosethatcannotadaptiscalled_____.a.inheritancb.functionalismc.naturalselectiond.Darwinism3.Whoamongthefollowingbehavioristsproposedthenotionofreciprocaldeterminism?a.B.F.Skinnerb.ClarkHullc.EdwardTolmand.AlbertBandura4.Whenwelookforcausalrelationshipsbetweenthoughtsandbehaviors,weneedtorecognizethatthoughtsandfeelingssometimes:a.followabehavior.b.precedeabehavior.c.occurparalleltothebehavior.d.Allofthesearecorrect.5.Amentalrepresentationofone’sspatialsurroundingsisa_____.a.spatialmentationb.spatialcognitionc.cognitivemapd.spatialheuristic6.WhenIvisitedParisforaconference,Ispentthefirstfewdaysjustwanderingthestreets.Onthethirdday,whenIhadtomeetafriendattheLouvremuseum,Iknewexactlyhowtogetthere.Thisisbestdescribedasanexampleof_____learning.a.delayedb.S-Rc.latentd.observational7.Whoamongthefollowingindividualsismostlikelyabehaviorist?a.Amirbelievesthattheexistenceofinternaleventscanbeinferredusinginterveningvariables.b.Hermanbelievesthatpsychologicalprocessesshouldbeapproachedfromamolar,holisticperspective.c.Abigailbelievesthatthemethodofintrospectionishighlyunreliabletostudyhumanpsychology.d.Angelinabelievesthatinternalevents,observablebehavior,andenvironmentalfactorsinteractwitheachother.

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8.Inthemethodof_____,thesubjectsinanexperimenttrytoaccuratelydescribetheirinnerthoughtsandemotions.a.attentivevigilanceb.cognitivemappingc.introspectiond.introversion9.Skinnerobservedthatwhenparentsteachchildrentolabelinternalevents,they:a.canonlymakeinferencesaboutwhatthechildrenareactuallyfeeling.b.paytoolittleattentiontothistypeoftraining.c.oftenpunishchildrenforinaccuratelydescribingtheirfeelings.d.Bothbandcarecorrect.10.Operantconditioningisasortofmini-evolutionofanorganism’sbehaviorsinthesensethat_____responsesbecomemorefrequentwhile_____responsesbecomelessfrequenta.nonadaptive;adaptiveb.adaptive;nonadaptivec.reflexive;operantd.operant;reflexive11.EdwardTolman’s“molar”approachtobehaviorismwasinspiredbythe_____approachof_____.a.holistic;Gestalttheoristsb.molecular;Hullc.introspective;Titchenerd.methodological;Watson12.WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueofSkinner’sdaughter?a.Shegrewupinanexperimentalchamber.b.Shebecamementallyill.c.Bothaandbarecorrect.d.Neitheranorbiscorrect.13.Accordingto_____,amajorproblemwiththestudyofinternaleventsisthatonehastomakeinferencesthatareoften_____.a.AlbertBandura;toosimplisticb.JohnWatson;unreliablec.JohnWatson;toosimplisticd.AlbertBandura;unreliable14.Whoamongthefollowingstronglypromotedthenotionthatalmostallknowledgeisafunctionofexperience?a.RenéDescartesb.TheBritishempiricistsc.Platod.Allofthesearecorrect.15.“Whatpurposeisservedbyourabilitytodream?”Thisquestionwouldmostlikelybeaskedbyapsychologistwhofollowstheapproachof_____.a.associationismb.structuralismc.mind–bodydualismd.functionalism

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16.AstrongtraitofB.F.Skinner’scharacterthatlaterreflectedinhisbrandofbehaviorismwashis_____.a.objectivityb.mysticismc.mathematicalabilityd.fearofemotions17.WhichofthefollowingapproachestopsychologywaspartiallyderivedfromDarwin’stheoryofevolution?a.Britishempiricismb.Structuralismc.Functionalismd.Mind–bodydualism18.“Iamabletocontrolonlysomeofmybehaviors.”Thisstatementbestexemplifies_____theoryofhumanbehavior.a.Descartes’b.Plato’sc.JohnLocke’sd.EdwardB.Titchener’s19.Thescienceofphysiologyistothepracticeofmedicineas_____isto_____.a.behavioranalysis;appliedbehavioranalysisb.radicalbehaviorism;behavioranalysisc.behavioranalysis;radicalbehaviorismd.radicalbehaviorism;appliedbehavioranalysis20.Thestatement“Greatathletesaremade,notborn”reflectsthe_____approachtobehavior.a.nativistb.empiricistc.humanistd.existentialist21.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueofbehaviorism?a.Itencouragestheuseofintrospectioninstudyingconsciousexperiences.b.Itrecommendsanobjective,naturalscienceapproachtopsychology.c.Itstronglyrejectsthevalueofanimalresearchinpsychology.d.Itconsidersinternaleventsasanimportantdeterminantofbehavior.22.Amajorchallengetomethodologicalbehaviorismcamefrom_____,whousedinterveningvariables,usuallyintheformofhypothesizedphysiologicalprocesses,tohelpexplainbehavior.a.ClarkHullb.EdwardTolmanc.B.F.Skinnerd.JohnWatson

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23.Janicelosesherwaywhenevershedeviatesfromtheusualrouteshetakestogohome.TolmanwouldmostlikelysaythatJanicehasadefective_____.a.schemab.schematac.cognitivemapd.vestibularsystem24.Whichschoolofbehaviorismismostlikelytoconsiderreportsaboutthoughtsandfeelingstobeunscientific?a.Radicalbehaviorismb.Methodologicalbehaviorismc.Neobehaviorismd.Sociallearningtheory25.Changesinaspeciesisto_____aschangesinanindividualisto_____.a.classicalconditioning;operantconditioningb.operantconditioning;classicalconditioningc.naturalselection;operantconditioningd.operantconditioning;naturalselection26.TolmanandHonzik’s(1930)mazestudysuggestedthat:a.thereisnodistinctionbetweenlearningandperformance.b.thereisadistinctionbetweenlearningandperformance.c.mazerunninginratsisalargelyreflexiveaction.d.Bothaandcarecorrect27.Bobbelievesthathehastroublestudyingbecausehisparentsneglectedhimasachild.WhoamongthefollowingtheoristsismostlikelytoconsiderBob’sexplanationover-simplistic?a.JohnWatsonb.B.F.Skinnerc.AlbertBandurad.ClarkHull28.Withrespecttothenature-nurturedebate,_____shiftedovertimetowardbecominganextremeproponentofthe_____perspectivewithrespecttohumanbehavior.a.B.F.Skinner;nurtureb.JohnWatson;nurturec.B.F.Skinner;natured.JohnWatson;nature29.Whichofthefollowingbehavioristswouldmostlikelybeinterestedinrobotics,becauseofitsfocusonmechanisticaspectsofbehavior?a.EdwardTolmanb.B.F.Skinnerc.ClarkHulld.AlbertBandura

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30.Thestatement“Apersonisbothaphysicalbeingandaspiritualbeing”agreeswiththeapproachtopsychologyproposedby_____.a.Aristotleb.JohnLockec.Descartesd.B.F.Skinner31.Thestructuralistemphasison_____helpedestablishpsychologyasascientificdiscipline.a.inferencesb.systematicobservationc.observablebehaviord.unconsciousprocesses32.AccordingtoSkinner,theprincipleofoperantconditioningisquitesimilartotheprincipleof_____.a.homeostasisb.naturalselectionc.gravityd.relativity33..Dr.Franzoinoticesthatoneofherpatientshasgreatdifficultydescribingheremotions,possiblybecauseshewasseverelyneglectedasayoungchild.Whoamongthefollowingbehavioristswouldmostlikelyhavebeeninterestedinthiscase?a.B.F.Skinnerb.AlbertBandurac.EdwardTolmand.JohnWatson34.JohnWatson’sspecifictheoryoflearningwas:a.basedlargelyonoperantconditioning.b.atypeofstimulus-responsetheory.c.acognitive-reflextheory.d.basedlargelyonthestudyofinnatepatternsofbehavior.35.Whichofthefollowingbehavioristswouldbeleastinterestedinconductinganexperimentonaperson’sabilitytoformmentalimages?a.B.F.Skinnerb.ClarkHullc.JohnWatsond.EdwardTolman36.Judith,achessplayer,isaskedtoreportherprecisethoughtpatternsassheplanseachmoveinthegame.Thisscenarioillustratesthemethodof_____.a.cognitiveperceptionb.attentiveperceptionc.cognitiveelucidationd.introspection

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37.Whichofthefollowingarethethreecomponentstotheprincipleofnaturalselection?a.Traitsvarywithinapopulation;Organismsmustcompeteforlimitedresources;Individualslearntoadapttotheirenvironment.b.Organismsmustcompeteforlimitedresources;Traitsareheritable;Successfulindividualsarebetterabletosurvive.c.Traitsvarywithinaspecies;Traitsareheritable;Somespecieslivelongerthanothers.d.Traitsvarywithinaspeciesandbetweenspecies;Traitsareheritable;Organismsmustcompeteforlimitedresources.38.Josephoncewitnessedanaccidentinwhichacarhadplowedintoabigoaktree.Now,eachtimehedrivesbythattree,heisremindedoftheaccident.Joseph’sbehaviorillustratesAristotle’slawof_____.a.frequencyb.contrastc.contiguityd.similarity39.AsIlookatmymessyapartment,Iamremindedofmyfriend’sneatandorganizedapartment.ThisisbestdescribedasanexampleofAristotle’slawof_____.a.contiguityb.contrastc.proximityd.similarity40.Fromanevolutionaryperspective,theabilitytolearnisconsideredtobe:a.anon-genetictrait.b.aninvarianttrait.c.anadaptation.d.Allofthesearecorrect.41.EdwardTolman’sapproachtobehaviorismutilizesinterveningvariables,usuallyintheformofhypothesized_____,tohelpexplainbehavior.a.cognitiveprocessesb.fixedactionpatternsc.physiologicalprocessesd.unconsciousconflicts42.Behaviorism,asoriginallydefinedbyJamesWatson,isa_____approachtopsychologythatemphasizesthestudyof_____onobservablebehavior.a.naturalscience;internaleventsb.cognitive;environmentinfluencec.naturalscience;environmentalinfluencesd.cognitive;internalevents43.Whichofthefollowingschoolsofpsychologywastheimmediatepredecessortobehaviorism?a.Functionalismb.Britishempiricismc.Structuralismd.Gestaltpsychology

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44.Astudentstudyinghardtowinamedalisto_____conditioningassalivatinginresponsetofoodisto_____conditioning.a.operant;classicalb.classical;operantc.cognitive;classicald.cognitive;operant45.JamesWatson’smethodologicalbehaviorismplayedavaluableroleinenablingpsychologyto:a.focusmorestronglyuponhuman,asopposedtoanimal,behavior.b.becomemoreexperimentalinnature.c.breakfreefromtheextremementalismofthetime.d.emphasizetheroleofbiologicalfactors.46.Whoamongthefollowingismostlikelytosaythatyougotothesupermarketbecauseyouexpectthatfoodisavailableatthesupermarket?a.Amethodologicalbehavioristb.Aradicalbehavioristc.Asociallearningtheoristd.Aneobehaviorist47.AfterwritingthebookBeyondFreedomandDignity,Skinnerwasseverelycriticizedfor:a.proposingthatgovernmentsshouldbeabolished.b.rejectingtheconceptoffreewill.c.rejectingtheconceptofanengineeredsociety.d.Bothbandcarecorrect.48.Karenisanexcellenttennisplayer.AccordingtoEricsson,Krampe,andTesch-Römer,Karen’sabilityismostlikelytheresultof:a.excellentmotorskillsthatwereinheritedfromherparents.b.highself-efficacy.c.highself-esteem.d.anextensiveamountofdeliberatepractice.49.Aristotle’slawsof_____and_____arestillconsideredimportantaspectsoflearning.a.contiguity;proximityb.frequency;similarityc.contrast;contingencyd.frequency;contiguity50.Functionalistsbelievedthatpsychologyshouldbethestudyof:a.theelementsofconsciousexperience.b.mind–bodydualism.c.observablebehavior.d.adaptiveprocesses.51.Skinner’sbook,BeyondFreedomandDignity,proposedthat:a.freedomanddignityarenecessaryforhumanexistence.b.societymustbeengineeredtocontrolhumanbehaviorforthebetter.c.peoplemustbetaughttobefree.d.societyhasbeenover-engineeredtothepointwherepeoplehavelosttheirdignity.

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52.ThemediatingeventsthatHullincorporatedintohistheoryconsistedlargelyofphysiological-typereactions,forexample,a“hungerdrive”thatcanbe_____asnumberofhoursoffooddeprivation.a.experiencedb.enhancedc.operationalizedd.suppressed53.RemovingthemagazinesfromyourroomsothatyouwillnotbedistractedbythemwhilestudyingisanexampleofwhatSkinnercalled_____.a.countercontrolb.counterdeterminismc.reciprocalcontrold.reciprocaldeterminism54.Johnexperiencesdifficultylearninganewswimstroke.Hiscoachfurtherdiscourageshimbysayingthatoneneedsinnatetalentstolearnswimming.John’scoachismostlikelya_____.a.nativistb.humanistc.empiricistd.structuralist55.Whoamongthefollowingtheoristsismostlikelytoexplainbehaviorintermsofthoughtsandfeelings?a.B.F.Skinnerb.JohnWatsonc.EdwardTolmand.AlbertBandura56.Philosophyistoscienceas_____isto_____.a.behavioranalysis;radicalbehaviorismb.cognitivebehaviorism;appliedbehavioranalysisc.radicalbehaviorism;behavioranalysis.d.behavioranalysis;appliedbehavioranalysis57.AccordingtoB.F.Skinner,thoughtsandfeelingsarea.impossibletobestudied.b.theultimatecausesofbehavior.c.privatebehaviorsthatthemselvesrequireexplanations.d.reflexesmorethanoperants.58.B.F.Skinner_____theroleofgeneticinfluencesonbehavior.a.basicallyignoredb.adamantlyrejectedc.clearlyrecognizedd.overemphasized

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59.In_____,learningoccurseventhoughtheremaynotbeanyobservabledemonstrationofthatlearning.a.operantconditioningb.latentlearningc.classicalconditioningd.adjunctivelearning60.Thestatement“Allthatweareisafunctionofwhatwehaveexperienced”illustratestheapproachtopsychologyadvocatedby_____.a.Britishempiricistsb.structuralistsc.cognitivebehavioristsd.neobehaviorists61.AccordingtothestudyonexpertperformanceconductedbyEricssonetal.(1993),hereditymayinfluenceexpertperformanceindetermining:a.innateability.b.theextenttowhichonebecomesinterestedinanendeavor.c.one’sabilitytoendurethehardworkneededtobecomeatopperformer.d.Bothbandcarecorrect.62..B.F.Skinnerbelievedthatpunishment:a.oftencreatesmoreproblemsthanitsolves.b.isaneffectivemeansofchildhoodmanagement.c.hasapositiveeffectonchildren.d.hasapositiveeffectonadults.63.Structuralismistofunctionalismas_____isto_____.a.WilliamJames;EdwardTitchenerb.EdwardTitchener;WilliamJamesc.JohnWatson;JohnLocked.JohnLocke;JohnWatson64.Skinner’snotionof_____issimilarinsomeaspectstoBandura’sconceptofreciprocaldeterminism.a.indeterminismb.countercontrolc.operantconditioningd.counterconditioning65.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueofbehaviorism?a.Itproposedthatthoughtsandbehaviorinfluenceeachother.b.Itsuggestedthatlearningtakesplacewhenaparticularkindofbehaviorisrewardedorpunished.c.Itusedmediatingeventstoinfertheexistenceofinternalevents.d.Itapproachedpsychologyasanobjectivesciencebasedsolelyonthestudyofdirectlyobservablebehavior.

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66.Taracomplainsthatsheisdoingpoorlyinherclassesonlybecausesheisnotbeingtaughtwell.WhoamongthefollowingtheoristsismostlikelytoconsiderTara’sexplanationover-simplistic?a.B.F.Skinnerb.AlbertBandurac.EdwardTolmand.ClarkHull67.WhichofthefollowingpersonalcharacteristicsmostdirectlyinfluencedSkinner’sworkasapsychologist?a.Loveforpoetryb.Extremeemotionalityc.Inventivenessd.Athleticism68.Theword“behavior”referstoanyactivityofanorganismthatcanbe_____.a.observedb.visualizedc.preciselymeasuredd.Bothaandbarecorrect.69.Observationallearningisanimportantaspectof_____.a.purposivebehaviorismb.neobehaviorismc.sociallearningtheoryd.methodologicalbehaviorism70.Whoamongthefollowingphilosophersputforwardthenotionthatanewborn’smindisablankslate?a.EdwardTitchenerb.B.F.Skinnerc.RenéDescartesd.JohnLocke71.JohnWatsonwasa_____,whileB.F.Skinnerwasa_____.a.radicalbehaviorist;methodologicalbehavioristb.methodologicalbehaviorist;radicalbehavioristc.neobehaviorist;radicalbehavioristd.radicalbehaviorist;neobehaviorist72.Accordingtothenotionof_____,behavior,environmentandinternalevents(personvariables)influenceeachother.a.reciprocaldeterminismb.interactivedeterminismc.reciprocalinferenced.interactiveinference73.Thefieldofstudyknownas_____adoptsconceptsfromTolman’sapproachtobehaviorism.a.teleologicalbehaviorismb.animalcognitionc.humanisticpsychologyd.evolutionarypsychology

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74.Whichofthefollowingisnotconsideredanaspectofevolution?a.Someindividualsacquiremoreresourcesthanothersbasedonsomeinheritedtraitsthatgivethemanadvantage.b.Successfulindividualsholdreproductiveadvantageoverunsuccessfulindividuals.c.Traitsvary,bothwithinaspeciesandbetweenspecies.d.Allofthesearecorrect.75.Ifyourfriendsmilesafteryougiveheracompliment,youaremorelikelytocomplimentherinthefuture.Whichofthefollowingtypesofconditioningdoesthisexampleillustrate?a.Classicalconditioningb.Cognitivelearningc.Observationallearningd.Operantconditioning76.Naturalselectionleadsto:a.homogenizationoftraitswithinaspecies.b.changesinspeciesacrossgenerations.c.changesinspecieswithinageneration.d.reducedcompetitionamongthemembersofaspecies.77.Accordingtothestimulus-responsetheory,learninginvolvestheformationofconnectionsbetween_____stimuliand_____responses.a.general;generalb.specific;specificc.observable;covertd.covert;covert78.Whichschoolofbehaviorismwouldbemostlikelytostudytheeffectofthirstonbehavior?a.Neobehaviorismb.Radicalbehaviorismc.Purposivebehaviorismd.Methodologicalbehaviorism79.Anindividualwhobelievesthathumansandanimalsarefundamentallydifferentwouldmostlikelyagreewiththeviewsof_____.a.ClarkHullb.IvanPavlovc.RenéDescartesd.B.F.Skinner80.Whoamongthefollowingphilosophersstronglybelievedthatthereisafundamentaldifferencebetweenhumansandanimals?a.B.F.Skinnerb.RenéDescartesc.WilliamJamesd.ClarkHull

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81.Whileparticipatinginadebateonpsychology,Juliaarguesthatthestudyofinternaleventsshouldbestrictlyavoidedastheyaretoosubjective.Inthisscenario,Juliamostlikelyadherestotheapproachtopsychologyknownas_____.a.behaviorismb.neobehaviorismc.cognitivebehaviorismd.purposivebehaviorism82.AccordingtoSkinner,behaviorisultimatelytheresultof_____influences.a.geneticb.environmentalc.cognitived.Bothaandbarecorrect.83.Thestatement“Daydreamscannotbescientificallyinvestigated”wouldmostlikelycomefroma_____.a.methodologicalbehavioristb.neobehavioristc.cognitivebehavioristd.radicalbehaviorist84.Behaviorists_____theroleofgeneticfactorsinlearning.a.haveagrowingappreciationforb.rejectc.ignored.focussolelyupon85.Aircraftengineeringistophysicsas:a.radicalbehaviorismistoappliedbehavioranalysis.b.appliedbehavioranalysisistobehavioranalysis.c.behavioranalysisistoappliedbehavioranalysis.d.behavioranalysisistoradicalbehaviorism.86.WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueofJamesWatson?a.Hewasquiteuncomfortablewiththediscussionoffeelings.b.Hewasextremelyinterestedinthemeaningofdreams.c.Hehatedanimals.d.Allofthesearecorrect.87.Oneofthemajordifficultieswiththestructuralistapproachtopsychologywasthatthemethodof_____wasunreliable.a.deductionb.inductionc.contemplationd.introspection88.Whatistherelationshipbetween"radicalbehaviorism"and"behavioranalysis"?a.Radicalbehaviorismisthephilosophicalbasisforbehavioranalysis.b.Behavioranalysisisthephilosophicalbasisforradicalbehaviorism.c.Radicalbehavioristsconductscientificresearch,andbehavioranalystsarepracticingclinicians.d.Behavioranalysisisascience,whileradicalbehaviorismistheapplicationofthatscience.

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89.Whoamongthefollowingbehavioristsproposedthatourbehaviorisoftenstronglyinfluencedbythebeliefswehaveaboutourownabilities?a.AlbertBandurab.EdwardTolmanc.ClarkHulld.B.F.Skinner90.The“middleman”orbrokerinabusinesstransactionisanalogoustowhatHullreferredtoasa(n)_____.a.extraneousvariableb.interveningvariablec.independentvariabled.confoundingvariable91.Thestatement“Thoughtsarejustanotherformofbehaviorandshouldbestudiedassuch”closelyalignswiththeviewsof_____.a.ClarkHullb.EdwardTolmanc.AlbertBandurad.B.F.Skinner92.Researchershavediscoveredthatexpertperformers:a.arenotbornwithtalent.b.showsuperlativeskillsinmanydifferentfieldsofendeavor.c.usuallyrequireatleast10yearsofpracticetoachieveahighlevelofperformance.d.Bothaandbarecorrect.93.Accordingtothetext,learningisa(n)_____inbehaviorthatresultsfromsometypeofexperience.a.temporarychangeb.permanentchangec.relativelypermanentchanged.irreversiblechange94.AccordingtoJohnWatson,amajorproblemwiththestudyofinternaleventsisthat:a.onehastomakeinferencesthatareoftenunreliable.b.itrequiresalargenumberofsubjects.c.theroleofgeneticfactorsisoftenignored.d.itistoosimplistictoproduceanythingofvalue.95.Basedonresearchfindings,Ericssonetal.(1993)arguedthatthemostcriticalfactorindeterminingexpertperformanceis_____.a.unstructuredplayb.deliberatepracticec.innateabilityd.Bothaandcarecorrect.96.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofclassicalconditioning?a.Astudentbeingpunctualbecausehehasbeenpraisedbeforeforhispunctualityb.Aninfantthrowingtantrumsasthishelpshergetherparents’attentionc.Adoglearningtoperformsometricksinordertogetfoodfromitsmasterd.ratlearningtojumpinresponsetoaclapthatwaspreviouslyaccompaniedbyashock

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97.Thestatement“Learningcantakeplaceintheabsenceofreward”wouldmostlikelycomefroma_____.a.methodologicalbehavioristb.neobehavioristcc.cognitivebehavioristd.classicalbehaviorist98.Whoamongthefollowingstronglycriticizedpsychologistsforemphasizingthestudyofconsciousexperience?a.EdwardTitchenerb.JohnWatsonc.JohnLocked.WilliamJames99.B.F.Skinnerbelievedthat:a.peopleareoftenquiteinaccurateatdescribingtheirfeelings.b.peopleareoftenquiteaccurateatdescribingtheirfeelings.c.malesaregenerallyinaccuratewhereasfemalesaregenerallyaccurateatdescribingtheirfeelings.d.adultsaregenerallyaccuratewhereaschildrenaregenerallyinaccurateatdescribingtheirfeelings.100.Although_____believedthattheconsciousmindconsistsofvariouscombinationsofbasicelements,itwasresearchersassociatedwiththeapproachknownas_____whoactuallybegantotestthatidea.a.theBritishempiricists;Platonismb.Plato;Britishempiricismc.theBritishempiricists;structuralismd.structuralists;functionalism101.Iheadtothecafeteriatogetfood.Withrespecttobehaviorists,thisisarelatively_____explanationforbehavior.a.molarb.molecularc.nondeterministicd.existential102.“Seanwalksquicklytothecafeteriaasheishungryduetofooddeprivation.”Thisstatementillustrates_____brandofbehaviorism.a.Tolman’sb.Skinner’sc.Hull’sd.Bandura’s103.Seeingsomeonewhoisveryoldmakesmewonderwhatheorshelookedlikeasayoungperson.ThisexampleillustratesAristotle’slawof_____.a.frequencyb.contrastc.contiguityd.similarity

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104.Jasonbelievesthatgreatscientistsarebornandnotmade,whileAllisonbelievesthatgreatscientistshavesimplybeengivensuperiortraining.Jasonisbestdescribedasa(n)_____,whileAllisonisbestdescribedasa(n)_____.a.functionalist;structuralistb.empiricist;nativistc.structuralist;functionalistd.nativist;empiricist105._____studiedtheeffectofexperienceonbehavior,whereas_____studiedtheeffectofexpectationonbehavior.a.B.F.Skinner;EdwardTolmanb.B.F.Skinner;ClarkHullc.ClarkHull;JohnWatsond.EdwardTolman;JohnWatson106.Samantha’sneighborAmirmowshislawneverySunday.SamanthaissousedtothesoundofhislawnmowerthatsheimaginesthesoundevenonthoseSundayswhenAmirdoesnotmowhislawn.Inthisscenario,Samantha’sbehaviorillustratesAristotle’slawof_____.a.contrastb.contingencyc.frequencyd.proximity107.Methodologicalbehaviorismassertsthatpsychologistsshouldstudythosebehaviorsthatcanbe:a.investigatedinanimalexperiments.b.directlyobserved.c.indirectlyobserved.d.Allofthesearecorrect.108.Neobehaviorismutilizesinterveningvariables,usuallyintheformofhypothesized_____,tohelpexplainbehavior.a.cognitiveprocessesb.fixedactionpatternsc.physiologicalprocessesd.unconsciousconflicts109.WhenTrishsawalushgreenforest,itremindedherofthedesertthatshehadvisitedlastyear.ThisexampleillustratesAristotle’slawof_____.a.contiguityb.similarityc.contrastd.frequency110.Aristotlewasa(n)_____,whilePlatowasa(n)_____.a.empiricist;nativistb.structuralist;functionalistc.functionalist;structuralistd.nativist;empiricist

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