Scientific American: Psychology 1st Edition Test Bank

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Multiple Choice1. Psychology is defined as the:A) study of mental processes.B) scientific study of behavior and mental processes.C) study of mental disorders and their treatment.D) science of behavior.Ans: BAPA2.0: 1.1APA Outcome: 1.1Bloom's Taxonomy: RememberingDifficulty: EasyLearning Objective: LO 1 Define psychology.Page: 4Topic: What Is Psychology?2. Akira has declared psychology as his major. He will be studying:A) mental processes.B) behavior.C) mental disorders and their treatment.D) behavior and mental processes.Ans: DAPA2.0: 1.1APA Outcome: 1.1Bloom's Taxonomy: ApplyingDifficulty:EasyLearning Objective: LO 1 Define psychology.Page: 4Topic: What Is Psychology?3. Brenda says, "Psychology is the study of behavior." Chase responds, "No, psychologists studyemotions." Which statement BEST evaluates these two remarks?A) Brenda's statement is too broad; Chase's is too narrow.B) Brenda's statement is too narrow; Chase's is correctC) Brenda's statement is correct; Chase's is incorrect.

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2D) Brenda's statement is too narrow. Chase's is also too narrow.Ans: DAPA2.0: 1.1APA Outcome: 1.1Bloom's Taxonomy: ApplyingDifficulty: ChallengingLearning Objective: LO 1 Define psychology.Page:4Topic: What Is Psychology?4. Which statement BEST expresses the relationship between psychology and the study ofbehavior?A) The study of behavior is part of psychology.B) Psychology does not include the study of behavior. It focuses on the mind.C) The study of behavior is the same thing as psychology.D) At one time, psychology was defined as the study of behavior. It is now considered thescience of the mind.Ans: AAPA2.0: 1.1APA Outcome: 1.1Bloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandingDifficulty: MediumLearning Objective: LO 1 Define psychology.Page:4Topic: What Is Psychology?WebQuiz: WebQuiz 25.Thetextbook describes the plight of 33 trapped Chilean miners. Which aspect(s) of thissituation would most interest a psychologist, and why?A) the miners' actions, such as praying or screaming; Psychology is the science of behaviorB) the miners' thoughts and feelings; Psychology is the study of mental processesC) the potential for the miners to develop post-traumatic stress disorder; Psychology emphasizesmental disordersD) all of these aspects; Psychology is the science of behavior and mental processesAns: DAPA2.0: 1.1; 1.3APA Outcome: 1.1; 4.2

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3Bloom's Taxonomy: ApplyingDifficulty: ChallengingLearning Objective: LO 1 Define psychology.Page: 4Topic: What Is Psychology?6. Which proportion BEST approximates the percentage of psychologists who provide therapy?A) one-quarterB) one-thirdC) one-halfD) three-quartersAns: CAPA2.0: 1.1; 1.2; 1.3APA Outcome: 1.1; 4.1Bloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandingDifficulty: MediumFeature: Figure 1.1 Fields of PsychologyLearning Objective:LO 2 Describe the scope of psychology and its subfields.Page:4Topic: What Is Psychology?WebQuiz: WebQuiz 17. Beatriz has just received her doctoral degree in psychology. In which setting is she MOSTlikely to find employment, all else being equal?A) academiaB) a hospitalC) the militaryD) a large corporationAns: AAPA 2.0:5.1APA Outcome: 10.2Bloom's Taxonomy: ApplyingDifficulty: ChallengingFeature: Figure 1.1 Fields of PsychologyLearning Objective:LO 2 Describe the scope of psychology and its subfields.Page: 4Topic: What Is Psychology?

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48. The largest area of specialization in psychology is _____ psychology.A) developmentalB) clinical/counselingC) educationalD) social/personalityAns: BAPA2.0: 1.1; 1.2; 5.1APA Outcome: 4.1Bloom's Taxonomy: RememberingDifficulty: EasyFeature: Figure 1.1 Fields of PsychologyLearning Objective: LO 2 Describe the scope of psychology and its subfields.Page: 4Topic: What Is Psychology?9. Research focused on changing behaviors or outcomes is called _____ research.A) basicB) practicalC) experimentalD) appliedAns: DAPA 2.0:2.4APA Outcome: 2.1Bloom's Taxonomy: RememberingDifficulty: EasyLearning Objective: LO 2 Describe the scope of psychology and its subfields.Page: 5Topic: What Is Psychology?WebQuiz: WebQuiz 210. Which of these individuals is LEAST likely to be a psychologist?A) Dionne, who holds a PhD degreeB) Everett, who has an MD degreeC) Fallon, who graduated with a PsyD degreeD) Each of these individuals is equally likely to be a psychologist.

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5Ans: BAPA 2.0:1.2; 5.1APA Outcome:4.1;10.2Bloom's Taxonomy: ApplyingDifficulty: ChallengingFeature: Table 1.1 Mental Health ProfessionalsLearning Objective: LO 2 Describe the scope of psychology and its subfields.Page: 4Topic: What Is Psychology?11. Which professional is MOST likely to have a master's degree as her most advancedcredential?A) a psychiatristB) a counseling psychologistC) a mental health counselorD) a clinical psychologistAns: CAPA 2.0:5.1; 5.5APA Outcome:4.1;10.2Bloom's Taxonomy: RememberingDifficulty: EasyFeature: Table 1.1 Mental Health ProfessionalsLearning Objective: LO 2 Describe the scope of psychology and its subfields.Page: 4Topic: What Is Psychology?WebQuiz: WebQuiz 112. MD is to PhD as _____ is to _____.A) psychiatrist; clinical psychologistB) clinical psychologist; psychiatristC) clinical psychologist; counseling psychologistD) counseling psychologist; clinical psychologistAns: AAPA 2.0:5.1;5.5APA Outcome: 10.2; 4.1Bloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandingDifficulty: Medium

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6Feature: Table 1.1 Mental Health ProfessionalsLearning Objective: LO 2 Describe the scope of psychology and its subfields.Page:4Topic: What Is Psychology?13. Whether a field of study is a science is determined by the:A) credentials of those who specialize in the field.B) methods used to collect information in the field.C) technological sophistication of the equipment used in the field.D) subject matter of the field.Ans: BAPA 2.0: 1.1APA Outcome: 2.1Bloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandingDifficulty:ChallengingLearning Objective: LO 2 Describe the scope of psychology and its subfields.Page: 6Topic: What Is Psychology?14. Which of the following is NOT one of the goals of psychology?A) explainB) analyzeC) predictD) controlAns: BAPA2.0: 1.1APA Outcome: 1.1Bloom's Taxonomy: RememberingDifficulty: EasyLearning Objective: LO 3 Summarize the goals of the discipline of psychologyPage: 7Topic: The Goals of Psychology15. Organizing and making sense of behavioral observations is central to psychology's goal of:A) description.

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7B) prediction.C) control.D) explanation.Ans: DAPA2.0: 1.1APA Outcome: 1.1Bloom's Taxonomy: RememberingDifficulty: EasyLearning Objective: LO 3 Summarize the goals of the discipline of psychologyPage: 7Topic: The Goals of Psychology16. In the context of psychology's goals, observe is to describe as understand is to:A) analyze.B) predict.C) control.D) explain.Ans: DAPA2.0: 1.1APA Outcome: 1.1Bloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandingDifficulty: MediumLearning Objective: LO 3 Summarize the goals of the discipline of psychologyPage: 7Topic: The Goals of PsychologyWebQuiz: WebQuiz 117. Shaping and modifying behavior is the essence of psychology's _____ goal.A) controlB) predictC) explainD) describeAns: AAPA2.0: 1.1APA Outcome: 1.1Bloom's Taxonomy: RememberingDifficulty: Easy

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8Learning Objective: LO 3 Summarize the goals of the discipline of psychologyPage: 7Topic: The Goals of Psychology18. When psychologists describe behavior, they:A) project future behavior.B) shape desirable behavior.C) observe behavior systematically.D) make sense of behavior.Ans: CAPA2.0: 1.1APA Outcome: 1.1Bloom's Taxonomy: RememberingDifficulty:ChallengingLearning Objective: LO 3 Summarize the goals of the discipline of psychologyPage: 7Topic: The Goals of Psychology19. With respect to the goals of psychology, understanding behavior is to applying findings as_____ is to _____.A) describing; controllingB) explaining; controllingC) explaining; describingD) controlling; explainingAns: BAPA2.0: 1.1APA Outcome: 1.1Bloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandingDifficulty: MediumLearning Objective: LO 3 Summarize the goals of the discipline of psychologyPage: 7Topic: The Goals of Psychology20. With respect to the goals of psychology; prediction is to projecting outcomes as _____ is to_____.

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9A) explanation; making observationsB) explanation; applying findingsC) description; making observationsD) description; applying findingsAns: CAPA2.0: 1.1APA Outcome: 1.1Bloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandingDifficulty: MediumLearning Objective: LO 3 Summarize the goals of the discipline of psychologyPage: 7Topic: The Goals of Psychology21. Planning research, making observations, and communicating findings are all part ofpsychology's _____ goal.A) describeB) explainC) predictD) controlAns: AAPA2.0: 1.1APA Outcome: 1.1Bloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandingDifficulty: MediumLearning Objective: LO 3 Summarize the goals of the discipline of psychologyPage: 7Topic: The Goals of Psychology22. Which activity is NOT part of psychology's goal of explanation?A) shaping behaviorB) noticing patternsC) seeking clues in the literatureD) identifying causesAns: AAPA2.0: 1.1APA Outcome: 1.1Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding

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10Difficulty: MediumLearning Objective: LO 3 Summarize the goals of the discipline of psychologyPage: 7Topic: The Goals of Psychology23. A psychologist is pursuing psychology's _____ goal when she observes aggressive behavioramong patrons in a bar.A) describeB) predictC) explainD) controlAns: AAPA2.0: 1.1; 1.3APA Outcome: 1.1; 4.2Bloom's Taxonomy: ApplyingDifficulty:MediumLearning Objective: LO 3 Summarize the goals of the discipline of psychologyPage: 7Topic: The Goals of PsychologyWebQuiz: WebQuiz 224. A psychologist advises a petroleum company on selecting offshore oil rig workers likely tocomply with safety regulations. The psychologist is pursuing psychology's goal of:A) description.B) prediction.C) explanation.D) control.Ans: DAPA2.0: 1.1; 1.3APA Outcome: 1.1; 4.2Bloom's Taxonomy: ApplyingDifficulty: ChallengingLearning Objective: LO 3 Summarize the goals of the discipline of psychologyPage: 7Topic: The Goals of Psychology

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1125. Whereas the philosopher _____ believed that humans possessed some innate knowledge, thephilosopher _____ believed that all knowledge is derived from experience.A) Plato; AristotleB) Aristotle; PlatoC) Aristotle; DescartesD) Descartes; PlatoAns: AAPA2.0: 1.1; 1.2APA Outcome: 1.2Bloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandingDifficulty: MediumLearning Objective: LO 4 Identify influential people in the formation of Psychology as adiscipline.Page: 8-9Topic:Philosophy and Physiology26.Which choice correctly pairs a philosopher with the concept with which he is associated?A) Plato–empiricismB) Aristotle–nativismC) Aristotle–dualismD) Descartes–dualismAns: DAPA2.0: 1.1; 1.2APA Outcome: 1.2Bloom's Taxonomy: RememberingDifficulty: EasyLearning Objective: LO 4 Identify influential people in the formation of Psychology as adiscipline.Page: 9Topic:Philosophy and Physiology27. The Renaissance philosopher John Locke argued that our knowledge is acquired solelythrough experience. Locke's position reflects the legacy of the Greek philosopher:A) Plato.B) Socrates.C) Aristotle.D) Hippocrates.

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12Ans: CAPA2.0: 1.1; 1.2APA Outcome: 1.2Bloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandingDifficulty: MediumLearning Objective: LO 4 Identify influential people in the formation of Psychology as adiscipline.Page:9Topic:Philosophy and Physiology28. The title of the American jazz classic, "Body and Soul" echoes a view known as dualism, aview associated MOST prominently with the philosopher:A) Plato.B) Descartes.C) Aristotle.D) Fechner.Ans: BAPA2.0: 1.1; 1.2APA Outcome: 1.2Bloom's Taxonomy: ApplyingDifficulty: ChallengingLearning Objective: LO 4 Identify influential people in the formation of Psychology as adiscipline.Page: 9Topic:Philosophy and Physiology29. The saying "mind over matter" reflects a philosophical view called _____, which isassociated with _____.A) dualism; DescartesB) empiricism; AristotleC) dualism; AristotleD) empiricism; DescartesAns: AAPA2.0: 1.1; 1.2APA Outcome: 1.2Bloom's Taxonomy: ApplyingDifficulty: Challenging

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13Learning Objective: LO 4 Identify influential people in the formation of Psychology as adiscipline.Page: 9Topic:Philosophy and Physiology30. The formal beginning of psychology is associated with:A) James.B) Wundt.C) Titchener.D) Descartes.Ans: BAPA2.0: 1.1; 1.2APA Outcome: 1.2Bloom's Taxonomy: RememberingDifficulty: EasyFeature: Infographic 1.1Learning Objective: LO 4 Identify influential people in the formation of Psychology as adiscipline.Page: 9Topic: Psychology is Born31. Wundt began operating the first psychology lab in:A) 1829.B) 1839.C) 1859.D) 1879.Ans: DAPA2.0: 1.1; 1.2APA Outcome: 1.2Bloom's Taxonomy: RememberingDifficulty: EasyLearning Objective: LO 4 Identify influential people in the formation of Psychology as adiscipline.Page: 9Topic: Psychology is Born

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1432. It is the year 2029. At the American Psychological Association's annual conference, aspecial keynote address commemorates the 150thanniversary of an historic event in psychology'searly days. What event is celebrated in the address?A) Wundt founding the first psychology laboratoryB) Calkins becoming the first female president of the APAC) Titchener opening a lab at CornellD) Watson establishing behaviorismAns: AAPA2.0: 1.1; 1.2APA Outcome: 1.2Bloom's Taxonomy: UnderstandingDifficulty: MediumLearning Objective: LO 4 Identify influential people in the formation of Psychology as adiscipline.Page: 9Topic: Psychology is Born33. Which location is associated with the formal beginning of psychology?A) Vienna, AustriaB) Berlin, GermanyC) Leipzig, GermanyD) Cambridge, EnglandAns: CAPA2.0: 1.1; 1.2APA Outcome: 1.2Bloom's Taxonomy: RememberingDifficulty: EasyLearning Objective: LO 4 Identify influential people in the formation of Psychology as adiscipline.Page: 9Topic: Psychology is BornWebQuiz: WebQuiz 134. "He wanted to do for psychology what the Periodic Table of the Elements did forchemistry," lectures a psychology professor. To whom is the professor MOST likely referring?A) TitchenerB) James

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15C) FreudD) MaslowAns: AAPA2.0: 1.1; 1.2APA Outcome: 1.2Bloom's Taxonomy: ApplyingDifficulty:MediumLearning Objective: LO 4 Identify influential people in the formation of Psychology as adiscipline.Page: 10Topic: Psychology is BornWebQuiz: WebQuiz 135. Dr. Leleux asserts that psychologists should attempt to identify the fundamental attributes ofmental experience. Dr. Leleux appears most sympathetic to psychology’s school of:A) humanism.B) behaviorism.C) structuralism.D) functionalism.Ans: CAPA2.0: 1.1; 1.2APA Outcome: 1.2Bloom's Taxonomy: ApplyingDifficulty: ChallengingFeature: Infographic 1.1Learning Objective: LO 4 Identify influential people in the formation of Psychology as adiscipline.Page: 10Topic: Psychology is BornWebQuiz: WebQuiz 236. A procedure in which an observer describes the simple elements of a complex experience inas much detail as possible is called:A) inner perception.B) subjective perception.C) internal observation.D) introspection.

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