Substance Abuse Counseling In Adults Using NAADAC And APA Ethical Codes

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Substance abuse in adults1Title: Substance abuse counseling in adults using NAADAC and APA Ethical CodesName:Professor name:Subject:DateConsidering the challenges involved in treating substance abuse among the adult population, especiallyolder adults, discuss the barriers to treatment and the importance of ethical guidelines for counselors.HowdotheethicalcodesoftheAmericanPsychologicalAssociation(APA)andtheNationalAssociation of Alcoholism and Drug Abuse Counselors (NAADAC) guide professionals in providingeffective and culturally sensitive care? In your response, explain how the principles of non-maleficence,beneficence, and confidentiality play a role in substance abuse counseling and the counselor-clientrelationship.Word count requirement: 1500–2000 words.Substance abuse can be defined as excess dependence or overindulgence on substance which leads toaddiction. The body becomes so conditional on the drug orthesubstance that once you try to stop usingwithdrawal symptoms showsup. Itis very harmful for one’s health. The uncontrolled use of suchsubstances leads to dependence syndrome and frantic behavior.People abuse substance because theymay beexperiencingfeeling ofloneliness, personalproblem, depression, stress and strain inlife,andmany otherproblemsas such. Amongst the youngergeneration,what starts as a fun because of peerpressure generates into addiction.Kinds of substance abuse:Therearenumeroussubstanceswhich are addictive innature andtendto be abusedmore. Thefollowingare some kinds of substance abuses:

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Substance abuse in adults21)Alcoholabuse: It is considered to be theoldest andmost widely used abusivesubstance. Ithas anegative effect on all organs of thebody. Theover indulgence in drinking can cause problems such asaggressivebehavior, impairedjudgement, anxiety, depression,sexualdysfunction, moodproblems andmany other health issues.Alcoholabuse is different from alcoholism .Alcoholism is ahigher formofalcohol abuseand it is like adisease.2) Stimulantabuse: It includes legal substance such as caffeine, nicotine andother overthe counterstimulants and illegal drugs such asmethamphetamineand cocoaine.The use of such substancesstimulate pleasure. The excess of usage of these substances exhaust energy and there is an intensecraving causing withdrawal symptoms. It is easy and quick to develop such addiction.3)Depressantabuse:These include substances which slowdown the normal functioning of the brain orthe central nervous system.. Barbiturates likeSeconal, Amytal, Nembutal,and phenobarbital) are usedas anesthesiaor for the treatmentofseizures. Benzodiazepineslike Xanax, Valium,and Rohypnoareused as a good treatment for anxiety and sleep disorders.Opiatessuch asheroin, opiumand morphine.Some of these substances are legaland usedfor medicalpurposes.But regular use of these drugs cancause addiction and creates psychological and physical dependence .Usage of these drugs along withalcohol can be lethal.4)Psychedelic Abuse: These are psychoactivedrug whichcauses hallucination,distorts perception andawareness.Substance such as LSD, mescaline,psilocybin mushrooms,DMT falls under this category.It is dangerous for people with mental health issues to abuse these substances. The degree of thedestruction that can be caused by usage of some of these substances has not been well researched.Theabuse of LSD harm judgment and reasoning .Sometimes even a low dosage cancauseserious injury anddeath .It also causes acute anxiety reactions.5)Marijuana Abuse: Itis a plant(scientific name :Cannabis sativa) whose leaves, seeds, stems,androots are consumed for the purpose of feeling intoxicated .It is known to be the most commonly illegaldrug that is abused round the world.In UnitedStates somestates has legalized medical marijuana.Consumptionofmarijuanastimulatesecstasy,physicalrelaxation,impairedmemorydistortedperception etc. Users of more powerful marijuana may cause giddiness andhallucinations. Thelong-

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