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Test Bank For Abnormal Psychology, 14th Edition

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    Test Bank for Butcher, Mineka, and Hooley Abnormal Psychology Fourteenth Edition prepared by Anne Fisher New College of Florida

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    Contents CHAPTER 1 Abnormal Psychology: An Overview ..............................................................1 CHAPTER 2 Historical and Contemporary Views of Abnormal Behavior.........................39 CHAPTER 3 Causal Factors and Viewpoints ......................................................................81 CHAPTER 4 Clinical Assessment and Diagnosis..............................................................131 CHAPTER 5 Stress and Physical and Mental Health ........................................................169 CHAPTER 6 Panic, Anxiety, and Their Disorders ............................................................207 CHAPTER 7 Mood Disorders and Suicide ........................................................................251 CHAPTER 8 Somatoform and Dissociative Disorders......................................................295 CHAPTER 9 Eating Disorders and Obesity.......................................................................329 CHAPTER 10 Personality Disorders ...................................................................................363 CHAPTER 11 Substance-Related Disorders........................................................................411 CHAPTER 12 Sexual Variants, Abuse, and Dysfunctions ..................................................453 CHAPTER 13 Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders .............................................491 CHAPTER 14 Cognitive Disorders......................................................................................531 CHAPTER 15 Disorders of Childhood and Adolescence ....................................................567 CHAPTER 16 Therapy.........................................................................................................611 CHAPTER 17 Contemporary and Legal Issues in Abnormal Psychology ..........................655

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    Chapter 1: Abnormal Psychology: An Overview Multiple-Choice Questions 1.1-1. Which of the following is an example of family aggregation? a. Both Jane and her husband are alcoholic. b. Jim and John, 21-year-old twins, are both schizophrenic. c. Karen, her mother, and her grandmother all have been diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder. d. Kim's suicide was apparently a reaction to her mother's abuse. Difficulty: 2 Question ID: 1.1-1 Page Ref: 3 Topic: Abnormal Psychology/An Overview Skill: Applied Answer: c. Karen, her mother, and her grandmother all have been diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder. 1.1-2. What do the cases of Monique and Donald best illustrate? a. Most individuals with mental disorders are violent. b. Women are more likely to commit suicide than men. c. Most individuals who experience a mental breakdown are clearly unwell long before treatment is sought. d. Mental illness can have a significant impact on one's life. Difficulty: 1 Question ID: 1.1-2 Page Ref: 2-3 Topic: Abnormal Psychology/An Overview Skill: Conceptual Answer: d. Mental illness can have a significant impact on one's life. 1.1-3. What do the cases of Monique and Donald best illustrate? a. Abnormal behavior usually produces more distress in others than the person who engages in the abnormal behavior. b. Abnormal behavior covers a wide range of behavioral disturbances. c. Most people who suffer from abnormal behavior are quickly identified as deviant by other people. d. When people suffer from mental disorders, they are unable to work or live independently. Difficulty: 1 Question ID: 1.1-3 Page Ref: 3 Topic: Abnormal Psychology/An Overview Skill: Conceptual Answer: b. Abnormal behavior covers a wide range of behavioral disturbances. 1

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    1.1-4. What makes defining abnormality difficult? a. There are so many types of abnormal behavior that they can't be accurately described. b. There is no one behavior that serves to make someone abnormal. c. Most of us are abnormal much of the time so that we cannot tell what is normal. d. Criteria for abnormality have yet to be developed. Difficulty: 2 Question ID: 1.1-4 Page Ref: 3-4 Topic: What Do We Mean by Abnormality? Skill: Factual Answer: b. There is no one behavior that serves to make someone abnormal. 1.1-5. Which of the following is a sufficient element to determine abnormality? a. Suffering b. Maladaptiveness c. Deviancy d. There is no sufficient element. Difficulty: 2 Question ID: 1.1-5 Page Ref: 4 Topic: What Do We Mean by Abnormality? Skill: Factual Answer: d. There is no sufficient element. 1.1-6. The fact that body piercings are commonplace today while they would once have been viewed as abnormal illustrates that a. modern society is always open to change. b. what is acceptable for men and women is no longer different. c. American culture values independence. d. the values of a society may change over time. Difficulty: 2 Question ID: 1.1-6 Page Ref: 5 Topic: What Do We Mean by Abnormality? Skill: Conceptual Answer: d. the values of a society may change over time. Test Bank for Abnormal Psychology, 14e 2

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    1.1-7. What is a reason for classifying mental disorders? a. A classification system allows information to be organized. b. Then professionals won't need to look at as much information about a person. c. Then professionals can make assumptions about people based on their diagnosis. d. The diagnosis then often has an effect on peoples' behaviors. Difficulty: 1 Question ID: 1.1-7 Page Ref: 7 Topic: Why Do We Need to Classify Mental Disorders? Skill: Factual Answer: a. A classification system allows information to be organized. 1.1-8. ________ is a necessary first step toward introducing order to any discussion of the cause or treatment of abnormal behavior. a. Epidemiology b. Classification c. Brain research d. Labeling Difficulty: 1 Question ID: 1.1-8 Page Ref: 7 Topic: Why Do We Need to Classify Mental Disorders? Skill: Conceptual Answer: b. Classification 1.1-9. Which of the following is a disadvantage of having a classification system for mental disorders? a. A classification system establishes the types of problems that mental professionals can treat. b. When a label is used to describe an individual's behavior, information about the person is lost. c. A classification system allows for research to advance. d. Identifying the disorder that an individual has guides treatment. Difficulty: 1 Question ID: 1.1-9 Page Ref: 8 Topic: What are the Disadvantages of Classification? Skill: Conceptual Answer: b. When a label is used to describe an individual's behavior, information about the person is lost. Chapter 1 3

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    1.1-10. Which of the following statements is true concerning classification systems for mental disorders? a. It is far more important that they be reliable than it is for them to be valid. b. Classification systems make it more difficult to gather statistics on the incidence and prevalence of disorders. c. Classification systems meet the needs of medical insurance companies who need diagnoses in order to authorize payment of claims. d. Although they assist scientists who are researching disorders, they inhibit our ability to communicate about abnormal behavior in a consistent way. Difficulty: 2 Question ID: 1.1-10 Page Ref: 7 Topic: Why Do We Need to Classify Mental Disorders? Skill: Conceptual Answer: c. Classification systems meet the needs of medical insurance companies who need diagnoses in order to authorize payment of claims. 1.1-11. All of the following are disadvantages of classifying and diagnosing mental disorders EXCEPT a. stereotyping. b. labeling. c. the potential stigma. d. providing structure. Difficulty: 1 Question ID: 1.1-11 Page Ref: 8 Topic: Why Do We Need to Classify Mental Disorders? Skill: Factual Answer: d. providing structure. 1.1-12. Stereotyping is an example of the stigma of mental illness. It means a. people are reluctant to discuss their psychological problems because they are afraid others won't like them. b. people feel very sad and upset when they find out they have a mental illness. c. the automatic and often incorrect beliefs people have about people with mental illness. d. the problem of removing the diagnosis, even if people make a full recovery from mental illness. Difficulty: 1 Question ID: 1.1-12 Page Ref: 8 Topic: What Are the Disadvantages of Classification? Skill: Factual Answer: c. the automatic and often incorrect beliefs people have about people with mental illness. Test Bank for Abnormal Psychology, 14e 4

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    1.1-13. What is wrong with describing someone as being "schizophrenic"? a. Nothing. b. Such a definitive diagnosis is rare. c. The behavior of the schizophrenic changes so rapidly that this is only true a small percentage of the time. d. Labels should be applied to disorders, not to people. Difficulty: 2 Question ID: 1.1-13 Page Ref: 8-9 Topic: What Are the Disadvantages of Classification? Skill: Conceptual Answer: d. Labels should be applied to disorders, not to people. 1.1-14. In the field of abnormal psychology, what does DSM stand for? a. Disorders, Science, and the Mind b. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual c. Descriptors for the Science of the MInd d. Diagnostic Science of the Mind Difficulty: 1 Question ID: 1.1-14 Page Ref: 5 Topic: The DSM-IV Definition of Mental Disorder Skill: Factual Answer: b. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual 1.1-15. Which of the following is included in the DSM? a. A discussion of the various causes of mental disorders b. A means of identifying different mental disorders c. A description of the necessary and sufficient conditions for mental illness d. A description of all of the possible treatments for each disorder Difficulty: 1 Question ID: 1.1-15 Page Ref: 5 Topic: The DSM-IV Definition of Mental Disorder Skill: Applied Answer: b. A means of identifying different mental disorders Chapter 1 5

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    1.1-16. In the United States, the standard for defining types of mental disorders is contained in the a. American Psychological Association's bylaws. b. American Psychiatric Association's bylaws. c. World Health Organization's classification code. d. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Difficulty: 1 Question ID: 1.1-16 Page Ref: 5 Topic: The DSM-IV Definition of Mental Disorder Skill: Factual Answer: d. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 1.1-17. According to the DSM-IV's definition of mental disorder, impairment in one or more areas of functioning (disability) a. must not be present in order to make a diagnosis. b. may be present but is not a necessary condition for making a diagnosis. c. is one of the only important features of a mental disorder. d. must be present for at least six months to be considered a true disability. Difficulty: 2 Question ID: 1.1-17 Page Ref: 5 Topic: The DSM-IV Definition of Mental Disorder Skill: Conceptual Answer: b. may be present but is not a necessary condition for making a diagnosis. 1.1-18. The Solarists are a cult whose members believe that they control the movements of the sun with special hand gestures. What would the DSM-IV say about this group? a. The group suffers from Shared Delusion Psychosis. b. Because a group of persons share a belief, however strange, the group must be considered emotionally healthy. c. While some of this group's individual members may meet criteria for a DSM-IV diagnosis, the DSM-IV does not diagnose groups. d. The group is diagnosable because it is a cult. Difficulty: 2 Question ID: 1.1-18 Page Ref: 5 Topic: The DSM-IV Definition of Mental Disorder Skill: Applied Answer: c. While some of this group's individual members may meet criteria for a DSM-IV diagnosis, the DSM-IV does not diagnose groups. Test Bank for Abnormal Psychology, 14e 6

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    1.1-19. Brett persistently injects himself with pain killers. This has greatly increased his chance of overdosing and dying. His behavior harms no one else. According to the DSM, is Brett's behavior consistent with the definition of a mental disorder? a. Yes, because very few people in society engage in this behavior. b. Yes, because he is persistently acting in a way that harms him. c. No, because his behavior must also harm the well-being of others in the community. d. No, because there is no evidence that his actions are out of his own control. Difficulty: 3 Question ID: 1.1-19 Page Ref: 5 Topic: The DSM-IV Definition of Mental Disorder Skill: Applied Answer: b. Yes, because he is persistently acting in a way that harms him. 1.1-20. The current DSM is a. atheoretical. b. focused upon etiology. c. focused upon theory. d. not generally accepted by practitioners. Difficulty: 1 Question ID: 1.1-20 Page Ref: 5 Topic: The DSM-IV Definition of Mental Disorder Skill: Factual Answer: a. atheoretical. 1.1-21. Wakefield's conception of "mental disorder" included the idea of ________________as most central to diagnosis. a. religious persecution b. dangerous malfunction c. harmful dysfunction d. familial mental disorder Difficulty: 2 Question ID: 1.1-21 Page Ref: 6 Topic: The DSM-IV Definition of Mental Disorder Skill: Factual Answer: c. harmful dysfunction Chapter 1 7

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    1.1-22. According to the DSM, when is deviant behavior viewed as indicative of a mental disorder? a. Always b. Only when the behavior is inconsistent with cultural norms c. When it is a symptom of a dysfunction in the individual d. Never Difficulty: 1 Question ID: 1.1-22 Page Ref: 5 Topic: The DSM-IV Definition of Mental Disorder Skill: Factual Answer: c. When it is a symptom of a dysfunction in the individual 1.1-23. Which of the following best describes the DSM? a. A complete guide to the origin, diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders b. A work in progress that classifies mental disorders based on what is currently known c. A fundamentally flawed collection of unfounded assumptions about mental disorders d. An objective guide to diagnosing mental disorders Difficulty: 2 Question ID: 1.1-23 Page Ref: 6 Topic: The DSM-IV Definition of Mental Disorder Skill: Conceptual Answer: b. A work in progress that classifies mental disorders based on what is currently known 1.1-24. What do the textbook authors identify as the most problematic element of Wakefield's definition of mental disorder? a. He describes mental disorders as mental conditions. b. The role of biology is not recognized. c. We have yet to discover the dysfunction that underlies most mental disorders. d. Most mental disorders do not cause distress. Difficulty: 3 Question ID: 1.1-24 Page Ref: 6 Topic: The DSM-IV Definition of Mental Disorder Skill: Conceptual Answer: c. We have yet to discover the dysfunction that underlies most mental disorders. Test Bank for Abnormal Psychology, 14e 8

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    1.1-25. What does the case of JGH, a Native American elder, illustrate? a. Alcoholism has long lasting effects on mood and behavior, even when drinking has ceased. b. A person may focus on somatic symptoms, rather than mood, when depressed. c. Depression is not universal. d. The symptoms of some illnesses are not apparent until after lengthy psychological evaluation. Difficulty: 1 Question ID: 1.1-25 Page Ref: 9-10 Topic: How Does Culture Affect What Is Considered Abnormal? Skill: Applied Answer: b. A person may focus on somatic symptoms, rather than mood, when depressed. 1.1-26. What is a culture-specific disorder? a. A disorder seen in all cultures b. A disorder that is seen universally, but presents itself differently depending on cultural factors c. A disorder that is a product of cultural stressors d. A disorder seen only in certain cultures Difficulty: 2 Question ID: 1.1-26 Page Ref: 10 Topic: Culture-Specific Disorders Skill: Factual Answer: d. A disorder seen only in certain cultures 1.1-27. Practically speaking, “abnormal” behavior means a. any behavior that is "away from the normal" and causes any distress. b. any behavior that causes the person distress. c. any behavior that causes us to consider our values. d. unusual behaviors that are not consistent with the norms of the society in which they are displayed. Difficulty: 1 Question ID: 1.1-27 Page Ref: 10 Topic: Culture-Specific Disorders Skill: Conceptual Answer: d. unusual behaviors that are not consistent with the norms of the society in which they are displayed. Chapter 1 9

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    1.1-28. Maria believes that her dead grandmother occasionally speaks to her. In deciding if Maria has a mental illness or not, which of the following is important? a. How old is Maria? b. Is Maria's belief consistent with the beliefs of her culture? c. Do people in general consider Maria's belief abnormal? d. Does her belief match any of the symptoms in the disorders in the DSM? Difficulty: 1 Question ID: 1.1-28 Page Ref: 10 Topic: Culture-Specific Disorders Skill: Conceptual Answer: b. Is Maria's belief consistent with the beliefs of her culture? 1.1-29. Why is it important to know how many people have diagnosable mental illnesses? a. Such information is needed to plan for the provision of adequate services. b. The number of people with mental illness and the level of crime are highly correlated. c. If the incidence of mental illness is rising, there needs to be a corresponding increase in the level of funding for medical research. d. Pharmaceutical companies need such information to ensure the appropriate level of drug production. Difficulty: 1 Question ID: 1.1-29 Page Ref: 11 Topic: How Common Are Mental Disorders? Skill: Factual Answer: a. Such information is needed to plan for the provision of adequate services. 1.1-30. How should information about the frequency of mental disorders in different groups of people be used? a. Such information can greatly simplify the process of diagnosis as it can be assumed that certain people have certain disorders. b. Such information can greatly simplify the process of diagnosis as it can be assumed that certain people are highly unlikely to have certain disorders. c. Information about the incidence of disorders among certain groups of people may provide information as to what causes a particular disorder. d. There is no use for or value in such dangerous stereotyping. Difficulty: 2 Question ID: 1.1-30 Page Ref: 11 Topic: How Common Are Mental Disorders? Skill: Conceptual Answer: c. Information about the incidence of disorders among certain groups of people may provide information as to what causes a particular disorder. Test Bank for Abnormal Psychology, 14e 10

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    1.1-31. What is epidemiology? a. The exploration of what forms of treatment are most effective b. A form of psychotherapy c. The study of the role of genes in mental illness d. The study of the distribution of a disorder in a population Difficulty: 1 Question ID: 1.1-31 Page Ref: 11 Topic: How Common Are Mental Disorders?/Prevalence and Incidence Skill: Factual Answer: d. The study of the distribution of a disorder in a population 1.1-32. Mental health epidemiology is a. the study of epidemics in mental disorders among the general population. b. the study of organic brain diseases among different ethnic populations of a defined geographic region. c. the study of the distribution of mental disorders in a given population. d. a sociological study of psychological disorders. Difficulty: 2 Question ID: 1.1-32 Page Ref: 11 Topic: How Common Are Mental Disorders?/Prevalence and Incidence Skill: Factual Answer: c. the study of the distribution of mental disorders in a given population. 1.1-33. What does it mean if a disorder is said to be highly prevalent? a. It is common. b. It is not curable. c. It is treatable. d. It is contagious. Difficulty: 1 Question ID: 1.1-33 Page Ref: 11 Topic: How Common Are Mental Disorders?/Prevalence and Incidence Skill: Factual Answer: a. It is common. Chapter 1 11

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    1.1-34. What type of prevalence estimate tends to be lowest? a. Point prevalence b. One-year prevalence c. Lifetime prevalence d. Virtual prevalence Difficulty: 1 Question ID: 1.1-34 Page Ref: 11 Topic: How Common Are Mental Disorders?/Prevalence and Incidence Skill: Factual Answer: a. Point prevalence 1.1-35. ________ rates may be reported in terms of the lifetime risk of contracting a particular disorder. a. Prevalence b. Point prevalence c. Point incidence d. Incidence Difficulty: 1 Question ID: 1.1-35 Page Ref: 11 Topic: How Common Are Mental Disorders?/Prevalence and Incidence Skill: Factual Answer: a. Prevalence 1.1-36. Which of the following is an example of point prevalence? a. Forty people had a panic attack in the last year. b. Seventy people in her graduating class had been diagnosed with anorexia at some time during the past four years. c. 1% of the population is currently experiencing depressive symptoms. d. 15% of women will suffer from an anxiety disorder before the age of 30. Difficulty: 2 Question ID: 1.1-36 Page Ref: 11 Topic: How Common Are Mental Disorders?/Prevalence and Incidence Skill: Applied Answer: c. 1% of the population is currently experiencing depressive symptoms. 1.1-37. What type of prevalence data only counts active cases of a disorder? a. Point prevalence b. One-year prevalence c. Lifetime prevalence d. All prevalence data count both those who have the disorder and those who have recovered. Difficulty: 2 Question ID: 1.1-37 Page Ref: 11 Topic: How Common Are Mental Disorders?/Prevalence and Incidence Skill: Applied Answer: a. Point prevalence Test Bank for Abnormal Psychology, 14e 12

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