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Test Bank for Marriages, Families, and Intimate Relationships, 5th Edition

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    Test Bank for Marriages, Families, & Intimate Relationships A Practical Introduction Fifth Edition Brian K. Williams Stacey C. Sawyer Carl M. Wahlstrom

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    CONTENTS Chapter 1 Seeking: Finding Happiness in Relationships in a Complex World 1 Chapter 2 Understanding: Learning about Intimate Behavior 15 Chapter 3 Gender: The Meanings of Masculinity & Femininity 30 Chapter 4 Involvement: Dating, Pairing, & Courtship 44 Chapter 5 Love: The Many Faces 60 Chapter 6 Communication: Realizing Effective Intimacy 74 Chapter 7 Sexuality: Interpersonal Sexuality, Sexual Values, & Behavior 89 Chapter 8 Marriage: The Ultimate Commitment? 104 Chapter 9 Variations: Nontraditional Families & Households 119 Chapter 10 Reproduction: Decisions about Having or Not Having Children 133 Chapter 11 Parenting: Children, Families, & Generations 149 Chapter 12 Work: Economics, Jobs, & Balancing Family Demands 164 Chapter 13 Crises: Managing Stress, Disaster, Violence, & Abuse 179 Chapter 14 Uncoupling: Separation & Divorce 194 Chapter 15 Remarriage: Reinvented, Renewed, & Blended Families 209

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    1 Chapter 1: Seeking: Finding Happiness in Relationships in a Complex World MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. The highest human achievement in Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is__________. A. spiritual connectivity B. self-actualization C. social acceptance D. intimacy Answer: B Learning Objective: 1.1 Discuss how love and relationships affect personal happiness. Topic: Seeking Happiness through Love & Intimacy Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts 2. Julio is single. Compared with his friend Rye, who is married, some research has shown that Julio is likely to have __________ contact with his parents. A. more frequent B. less frequent C. less satisfying D. more satisfying Answer: A Learning Objective: 1.1 Discuss how love and relationships affect personal happiness. Topic: Happiness: Love versus Loneliness Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Apply What You Know 3. Sociological research indicates that __________married couples who reported being unhappy said they were happy five years later. A. around one-fourth of B. one-half of C. approximately two-thirds of D. nearly all Answer: C Learning Objective: 1.1 Discuss how love and relationships affect personal happiness. Topic: Numbers That Matter Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Remember the Facts

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    2 4. Which of the following statements accurately connects the relationship between happiness and ethnicity? A. Happiness can be influenced by one’s ethnic culture. B. Ethnic culture and happiness are unrelated. C. Certain ethnic cultures discourage happiness. . D. Being multi-ethnic increases one’s likelihood of being happy. Answer: A Learning Objective: 1.1 Discuss how love and relationships affect personal happiness. Topic: Practical Action / Happiness: Is It within Your Grasp? Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts 5. The Research has shown that happiness depends on where you live. The United States __________. A. ranks very low on all scales. B. ranks the highest on all scales C. has the highest life expectancy D. creates a vast ecological footprint Answer: D Learning Objective: 1.1 Discuss how love and relationships affect personal happiness. Topic: Practical Action / Happiness: Is It within Your Grasp? Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts 6. According to John Gottman, if Marie and Jazmine are interested in strengthening their relationship, it is most important for them to foster . A. an ability to express disappointment B. a culture of appreciation C. mutual interests D. increased sexual desire Answer: B Learning Objective: 1.1 Discuss how love and relationships affect personal happiness. Topic: Love, Appreciation, Intimacy, & Happiness Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Apply What You Know

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    3 7. David Olson found that couples who tend to be happy couples. A. agree on political issues B. are flexible as a couple C. focus on their independence D. have different personality types Answer: B Learning Objective: 1.1 Discuss how love and relationships affect personal happiness. Topic: How Happy Are You in a Relationship? Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts 8. Sociologist Linda Waite found that couples who were unhappily married at the outset said they were happy five years later. A. nearly one-quarter of B. almost half of C. about two-thirds of D. nearly all Answer: C Learning Objective: 1.2 Describe the components, types, and benefits of families. Topic: Marriage & Family: The Basic Concepts Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Remember the Facts 9. According to the text, which of the following is a component of marriage? A. physical protection B. financial security C. marriage ceremony D. health and sustenance Answer: C Learning Objective: 1.2 Describe the components, types, and benefits of families. Topic: What Is Marriage? Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Remember the Facts

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    4 10. A sociological analysis of wedding ceremonies indicates that they are . A. essentially religious in nature B. a civil requirement C. decreasing in number D. a cultural universal Answer: D Learning Objective: 1.2 Describe the components, types, and benefits of families. Topic: What Is Marriage? Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts 11. Tom and Mary have been sharing a home for 15 years and present themselves to others as within a legal partnership. Therefore, others likely refer to their relationship as a . A. common-law marriage B. monogamous unit C. binuclear family D. civil union Answer: A Learning Objective: 1.2 Describe the components, types, and benefits of families. Topic: What Is Marriage? Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts 12. From the standpoint of society, __________is the principle reason for the institution of marriage. A. companionship B. economic security C. legal stability D. procreation Answer: D Learning Objective: 1.2 Describe the components, types, and benefits of families. Topic: What Is Marriage? Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Remember the Facts

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    5 13. The family into which one is born and raised is called a . A. family of orientation B. family of procreation C. neolocal family D. patrilocal family Answer: A Learning Objective: 1.2 Describe the components, types, and benefits of families. Topic: What Is a Family? Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts 14. The binuclear family is best described as . A. a family in which members live in two different households B. children born into a new blended family C. a single-parent family D. adult children returning to live with their parents Answer: A Learning Objective: 1.2 Describe the components, types, and benefits of families. Topic: What Is a Family? Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts 15. Pierre lives with his mother and her boyfriend; Pierre lives with his . A. nuclear family B. kin C. affiliated kin D. binuclear family Answer: C Learning Objective: 1.2 Describe the components, types, and benefits of families. Topic: What Is a Family? Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Apply What You Know

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    6 16. The pattern of residence most often found in North America is , while the pattern of residence most often found in the rest of the world is . A. neolocal; matrilocal B. neolocal; patrilocal C. patrilocal; neolocal D. matrilocal; neolocal Answer: B Learning Objective: 1.2 Describe the components, types, and benefits of families. Topic: What Is a Family? Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts 17. Which of the following did William Goode identify as a benefit of family? A. monogamy B. physical safety C. convenience D. socialization Answer: C Learning Objective: 1.2 Describe the components, types, and benefits of families. Topic: Why Have Families at All? Four Benefits Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Remember the Facts 18. Aiyana has lived her life in a Pueblo community, where it is likely that she traces her family descent by her . A. father’s lineage B. mother’s lineage C. extended kin D. father’s extended kin Answer: B Learning Objective: 1.3 Explain how the families of yesterday differed from our own. Topic: American Families in the Colonial Era Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Apply What You Know

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    7 19. Mohe has entered the life stage known as , which precedes his solitary trek into the woods or up a mountaintop to fast and seek a vision from a guardian spirit. On his return, he will assume adult status. A. transitioning B. puberty C. maturing D. forming Answer: B Learning Objective: 1.3 Explain how the families of yesterday differed from our own. Topic: American Families in the Colonial Era Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Apply What You Know 20. Young women who worked under contract to an employer for a number of years to pay for their passage to the New World are known as . A. migrant workers B. servant imports C. handmaids D. indentured servants Answer: D Learning Objective: 1.3 Explain how the families of yesterday differed from our own. Topic: American Families in the Colonial Era Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts 21. Which of the following explains how adolescence existed among white colonial families? A. The notion of adolescence did not exist. B. During adolescence, children had to begin working. C. Reaching adolescence marked a child as transitioning to an adult. D. Adolescence marked a child as prepared for marriage. Answer: A Learning Objective: 1.3 Explain how the families of yesterday differed from our own. Topic: American Families in the Colonial Era Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts

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    8 22. Which of the following explains why many slave owners encouraged enslaved blacks to have large families? A. They wanted to provide slaves with a sense of purpose. B. They needed a supply of slaves after slave imports were abolished. C. They desired to foster kinship among slaves. D. They wanted to prevent promiscuity. Answer: B Learning Objective: 1.3 Explain how the families of yesterday differed from our own. Topic: American Families in the Colonial Era Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Remember the Facts 23. James was a slave during the colonial era in the United States. He found it difficult to establish a family because . A. many slave women were infertile B. slaves were not allowed to associate with other blacks C. slaves were not allowed to legally marry D. children were often sold to other plantations Answer: B Learning Objective: 1.3 Explain how the families of yesterday differed from our own. Topic: American Families in the Colonial Era Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Remember the Facts 24. Rites of passage for colonial Hispanic families were very important, in part because . A. they were strongly influenced by Catholic teachings B. they were a patrilocal family system C. there was a strong culture of machismo D. of their familism Answer: A Learning Objective: 1.3 Explain how the families of yesterday differed from our own. Topic: American Families in the Colonial Era Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts

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    9 25. In which of the following ways did urbanization affect middle-class families? A. The role of fathers became mainly economic. B. More farm labor was needed. C. More women worked outside of the home. . D. Children were regarded as miniature adults. Answer: A Learning Objective: 1.3 Explain how the families of yesterday differed from our own. Topic: Families in the 19th & Early 20th Centuries Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts 26. __________ helped immigrants in the early 19 th Century overcome hostility and prejudice. A. Kinship systems B. Kind employers C. Speaking English D. Unions Answer: A Learning Objective: 1.3 Explain how the families of yesterday differed from our own. Topic: Families in the 19th & Early 20th Centuries Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Remember the Facts 27. Steven Mintz and Susan Kellogg note that in a , the marriage is supposed to provide romance, emotional growth, and sexual fulfillment. A. patriarchal relationship B. matriarchal relationship C. companionate family D. compatibility union Answer: C Learning Objective: 1.3 Explain how the families of yesterday differed from our own. Topic: Families in the Modern Era Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts

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    10 28. The swelling number of Americans between the ages of 52 and 70 is due to . A. suburbanization B. the child-centered culture C. the Baby Boom D. globalization Answer: C Learning Objective: 1.3 Explain how the families of yesterday differed from our own. Topic: Families in the Modern Era Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts 29. Which of the following is an accurate trend regarding American families? A. There are more people who are living alone. B. Only one parent is likely to be working. C. Teen pregnancy is on the rise. D. People are living shorter lives. Answer: A Learning Objective: 1.3 Explain how the families of yesterday differed from our own. Topic: Families in the Modern Era Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts 30. Anthony Giddens argued that the traditional family was . A. an economic unit B. required for happiness C. important for compassion D. necessary for childrearing Answer: A Learning Objective: 1.4 Describe the great forces that influenced family life. Topic: Today’s Changing Families: Economic Forces Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts

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    11 31. Which of the following are characteristics of individualism? A. Families increase their self-sufficiency. B. The search for self-fulfillment becomes most important. C. There is a greater focus on children’s creativity. D. Hard work becomes less important. Answer: B Learning Objective: 1.4 Describe the great forces that influenced family life. Topic: Today’s Changing Families: Economic Forces Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts 32. Michael Malone argued that the was the most important invention of the 20 th century. A. television B. vacuum tube C. cell phone D. microprocessor Answer: D Learning Objective: 1.4 Describe the great forces that influenced family life. Topic: Today’s Changing Families: Economic Forces Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts 33. Developments in biology have had which of the following effects on families? A. There is now a lower risk of Alzheimer’s disease. B. There is increased control over fertility. C. There are fewer children born with spina bifida. D. Mental retardation has been almost eliminated. Answer: B Learning Objective: 1.4 Describe the great forces that influenced family life. Topic: Today’s Changing Families: Economic Forces Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts

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    12 34. Which of the following accurately represents the effect of the social media on families? A. Social media discourages a focus on the here and now. B. Social media encourages a focus on family. C. Social media does not have a real effect on families at all. D. Social media helps families feel confident. Answer: A Learning Objective: 1.4 Describe the great forces that influenced family life. Topic: Today’s Changing Families: Economic Forces Difficulty Level: Moderate Skill Level: Understand the Concepts 35 Non-Hispanic whites living in the United States __________. A. are the most economically well-off racial category B. have the strongest kinship network C. are projected to become a minority in the next 50 years D. are mostly of English descent Answer: C Learning Objective: 1.4 Describe the great forces that influenced family life. Topic: Today’s Changing Families: Demographic Trends Difficulty Level: Easy Skill Level: Remember the Facts

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    13 ESSAY 36. Describe the “postmodern” family. Give two examples mentioned in the text. Answer: The ideal answer should include: 1. Postmodern families have moved beyond the traditional nuclear family to include a greater variability in family forms. 2. Binuclear families, in which members live in two different households. 3. Blended families or stepfamilies that are created when two people marry and one or both brings into the household a child or children. 4. Kin that are defined as relatives by blood, marriage, or relationship. Learning Objective: 1.2 Describe the components, types, and benefits of families. Topic: What Is a Family? Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Analyze It 37. Distinguish between the family of orientation and the family of procreation. Answer: The ideal answer should include: 1. Family of orientation: the family in which a person is born. 2. Family of orientation influences your views about marriage. 3. Family of procreation: the family a person begins after getting married and having children. 4. Family of procreation may also be a family of cohabitation. Learning Objective: 1.2 Describe the components, types, and benefits of families. Topic: What Is a Family? Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Analyze It 38. Compare and contrast some family characteristics of colonial-era Latino, African American, and Native American groups as mentioned in the text. Answer: The ideal answer should include: 1. In Latino families, the well-being of the family was emphasized over the welfare of the individual, a concept known as familism. 2. Most African American families had two parents or a single father, and they were exceptionally strong families. 3. Native American family patterns are very diverse; some are matrilineal, while others are patrilineal. Learning Objective: 1.3 Explain how the families of yesterday differed from our own. Topic: American Families in the Colonial Era Difficulty Level: Difficult Skill Level: Analyze It

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