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Anatomy and Physiology: The Unity of form and Function 8th Edition, Test Bank

Anatomy and Physiology: The Unity of form and Function 8th Edition, Test Bank ensures you stay ahead with detailed explanations, topic summaries, and real exam-style questions.

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    Chapter 01 Major Themes of Anatomy and Physiology Answer Key True / False Questions 1. Sometimes anatomical terms come from origins that do not lend any insight into their meaning. TRUE Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 1. Remember Gradable: automatic HAPS Topic: Module A05 Basic terminology. Learning Outcome: 01.07e State some reasons why the literal meaning of a word may not lend to insight into its definition. Section: 01.07 Topic: Scope of anatomy and physiology 2. Feeling for swollen lymph nodes is an example of auscultation. FALSE Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 1. Remember Gradable: automatic Learning Outcome: 01.01b Describe several ways of studying human anatomy. Section: 01.01 Topic: Scope of anatomy and physiology 3. We can see through bones with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). TRUE Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 1. Remember Gradable: automatic Learning Outcome: 01.01b Describe several ways of studying human anatomy. Section: 01.01 Topic: Scope of anatomy and physiology 4. Histology is the study of structures that can be observed without a magnifying lens. FALSE Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 1. Remember Gradable: automatic HAPS Topic: Module A05 Basic terminology. Learning Outcome: 01.01b Describe several ways of studying human anatomy. Section: 01.01 Topic: Scope of anatomy and physiology 5. Cells were first named by microscopist Robert Hooke. TRUE Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 1. Remember

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    Gradable: automatic Learning Outcome: 01.02b Describe the contributions of some key people who helped to bring about this transformation. Section: 01.02 Topic: Origins of biomedical science 6. All functions of the body can be interpreted as the effects of cellular activity. TRUE Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 2. Understand Gradable: automatic Learning Outcome: 01.02b Describe the contributions of some key people who helped to bring about this transformation. Section: 01.02 Topic: Origins of biomedical science 7. The hypothetico - deductive method is common in physiology, whereas the inductivemethod is common in anatomy. TRUE Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 3. Apply Gradable: automatic Learning Outcome: 01.03a Describe the inductive and hypothetico - deductive methods of obtaining scientific knowledge. Section: 01.03 Topic: Scientific Method 8. An individual scientific fact has more information than a theory. FALSE Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 2. Understand Gradable: automatic Learning Outcome: 01.03c Explain what is meant by hypothesis, fact, law, and theory in science. Section: 01.03 Topic: Scientific Method 9. Evolutionary (Darwinian) medicine traces some of our diseases to our evolutionary past. TRUE Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 1. Remember Gradable: automatic Learning Outcome: 01.04a Explain why evolution is relevant to understanding human form and function. Section: 01.04 Topic: Human origins and adaptations 10. The terms development and evolution have the same meaning in physiology. FALSE Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 3. Apply Gradable: automatic Learning Outcome: 01.04b Define evolution and natural selection. Section: 01.04 Topic: Human origins and adaptations

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    11. Organs are made of tissues. TRUE Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 1. Remember Gradable: automatic HAPS Objective: A06.01 Describe, in order from simplest to most complex, the major levels of organization in the human organi sm. HAPS Topic: Module A06 Levels of organization. Learning Outcome: 01.05a List the levels of human structure from the most complex to the simplest. Section: 01.05 Topic: Scope of anatomy and physiology 12. A molecule of water is more complex than a mitochondrion (organelle). FALSE Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 3. Apply Gradable: automatic HAPS Objective: A06.01 Describe, in order from simplest to most complex, the major levels of organization in the human organi sm. HAPS Topic: Module A06 Levels of organization. Learning Outcome: 01.05a List the levels of human structure from the most complex to the simplest. Section: 01.05 Topic: Scope of anatomy and physiology 13. Homeostasis and occupying space are both unique characteristics of living things. FALSE Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 3. Apply Gradable: automatic Learning Outcome: 01.06a State the characteristics that distinguish living organisms from nonliving objects. Section: 01.06 Topic: Scope of anatomy and physiology 14. Positive feedback helps to restore normal function when one of the body's physiological variables gets out of balance. FALSE Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 2. Understand Gradable: automatic HAPS Objective: B02.02 Compare and contrast positive and negative feedback in terms of the relationship between stimulus and response. HAPS Topic: Module B02 General types of homeostatic mechanisms. Learning Outcome: 01.06e Define positive feedback and give examples of its beneficial and harmful effects. Section: 01.06 Topic: Types of homeostatic mechanisms 15. Negative feedback is a self - amplifying chain of events that tends to produce rapid change in the body. FALSE Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 2. Understand Gradable: automatic HAPS Objective: B02.02 Compare and contrast positive and negative feedback in terms of the relationship between stimulus and response. HAPS Topic: Module B02 General types of homeostatic mechanisms. Learning Outcome: 01.06d Define negative feedback, give an example of it, and explain its importance to homeostasis. Section: 01.06 Topic: Types of homeostatic mechanisms

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    16. Anatomists around the world adhere to a lexicon of standard international terms, which stipulates both Latin names and accepted English equivalents. TRUE Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 1. Remember Gradable: automatic HAPS Topic: Module A05 Basic terminology. Learning Outcome: 01.07a Explain why modern anatomical terminology is so heavily based on Greek and Latin. Section: 01.07 Topic: Scope of anatomy and physiology Multiple Choice Questions 17. Feeling structures with your fingertips is called _________, whereas tapping on the body and listening for sounds of abnormalities is called ____________. A. palpation; auscultation B. auscultation; percussion C. percussion; auscultation D. palpation; percussion E. percussion; palpation Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 2. Understand Gradable: automatic Learning Outcome: 01.01b Describe several ways of studying human anatomy. Section: 01.01 Topic: Scope of anatomy and physiology 18. Known as "the father of modern anatomy," __________ was the first to publish accurate drawings of the body. A. Vesalius B. Maimonides C. Harvey D. Aristotle E. van Leeuwenhoek Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 1. Remember Gradable: automatic Learning Outcome: 01.02b Describe the contributions of some key people who helped to bring about this transformation. Section: 01.02 Topic: Origins of biomedical science

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    19. The most influential medical textbook of the ancient era was written by __________. A. Hippocrates B. Aristotle C. Galen D. Vesalius E. Avicenna Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 1. Remember Gradable: automatic Learning Outcome: 01.02b Describe the contributions of some key people who helped to bring about this transformation. Section: 01.02 Topic: Origins of biomedical science 20. Which of these is the best imaging technique for routinely examining the anatomical development of a fetus? A. Auscultation B. PET scan C. MRI D. Sonography E. Radiography Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 1. Remember Gradable: automatic Learning Outcome: 01.01b Describe several ways of studying human anatomy. Section: 01.01 Topic: Scope of anatomy and physiology 21. The terms physics, physiology, and physician come from a term that __________ proposed to distinguish natural causes from supernatural causes. A. Hippocrates B. Plato C. Schwann D. Aristotle E. Avicenna Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 1. Remember Gradable: automatic Learning Outcome: 01.02a Give examples of how modern biomedical science emerged from an era of superstition and authoritarian ism. Learning Outcome: 01.02b Describe the contributions of some key people who helped to bring about this transformation. Section: 01.02 Topic: Origins of biomedical science

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    22. Who was a physician to the Roman gladiators, learned by dissection of animals, and saw science as a method of discovery? A. Hippocrates B. Plato C. Schwann D. Aristotle E. Galen Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 1. Remember Gradable: automatic Learning Outcome: 01.02a Give examples of how modern biomedical science emerged from an era of superstition and authoritarian ism. Learning Outcome: 01.02b Describe the contributions of some key people who helped to bring about this transformation. Section: 01.02 Topic: Origins of biomedical science 23. The process of using numerous observations to develop general principles and predictions about a specific subject is called __________. A. experimental design B. the deductive method C. the inductive method D. a hypothesis E. statistical testing Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 2. Understand Gradable: automatic Learning Outcome: 01.03a Describe the inductive and hypothetico - deductive methods of obtaining scientific knowledge. Section: 01.03 Topic: Scientific Method 24. Most people think that ulcers are caused by psychological stress. It was discovered that an acid - resistant bacterium, Heliobacter pylori , lives in the lining of the stomach. If these bacteria cause ulcers, then treatment with an antibiotic should reduce ulcers. This line of investigation is an example of __________. A. hypothetical reasoning B. hypothetico - deductive reasoning C. the inductive method D. experimental design E. statistical analysis Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 2. Understand Gradable: automatic Learning Outcome: 01.03a Describe the inductive and hypothetico - deductive methods of obtaining scientific knowledge. Section: 01.03 Topic: Scientific Method

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    25. An educated speculation or a possible answer to a question is called a(n) __________. A. scientific method B. theory C. law D. hypothesis E. fact Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 2. Understand Gradable: automatic Learning Outcome: 01.03c Explain what is meant by hypothesis, fact, law, and theory in science. Section: 01.03 Topic: Scientific Method 26. The use of controls and statistical testing are two aspects of experimental design that help to ensure __________. A. an adequate sample size B. objective and reliable results C. experimental bias D. psychosomatic effects E. treatment groups Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 3. Apply Gradable: automatic Learning Outcome: 01.03b Describe some aspects of experimental design that help to ensure objective and reliable results. Section: 01.03 Topic: Scientific Method 27. ______________ is a process that submits a scientist's ideas to the critical judgment of other specialists in the field before the research is funded or published. A. Adjudication B. Statistical testing C. Falsification D. Peer review E. Hypothetico - deductive testing Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 1. Remember Gradable: automatic Learning Outcome: 01.03b Describe some aspects of experimental design that help to ensure objective and reliable results. Section: 01.03 Topic: Scientific Method

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    28. Which of the following would contain the greatest amount of information that scientists consider to be true to the best of their knowledge? A. A fact B. A law of nature C. A hypothesis D. An equation E. A theory Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 3. Apply Gradable: automatic Learning Outcome: 01.03c Explain what is meant by hypothesis, fact, law, and theory in science. Section: 01.03 Topic: Scientific Method 29. The study of the structure and function of cells is called ___________. A. cytology B. gross anatomy C. exploratory physiology D. comparative physiology E. radiology Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 1. Remember Gradable: automatic Learning Outcome: 01.01b Describe several ways of studying human anatomy. Section: 01.01 Topic: Scope of anatomy and physiology 30. ________________ established a code of ethics for physicians. He is considered the "father of medicine." A. Aristotle B. Hippocrates C. Galen D. Vesalius E. Hooke Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 1. Remember Gradable: automatic Learning Outcome: 01.02b Describe the contributions of some key people who helped to bring about this transformation. Section: 01.02 Topic: Origins of biomedical science

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    31. A new drug apparently increases short - term memory. Students were divided randomly into two groups at the beginning of the semester. One group was given the memory pill once a day for the semester, and the other group was given a same - looking pill, but it was just sugar. The sugar pill is termed a(n) __________. A. controlled pill B. placebo C. treatment pill D. variable E. effective dose Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 3. Apply Gradable: automatic Learning Outcome: 01.03b Describe some aspects of experimental design that help to ensure objective and reliable results. Section: 01.03 Topic: Scientific Method 32. Two groups of people were tested to determine whether garlic lowers blood cholesterol levels. One group was given 800 mg of garlic powder daily for four months and exhibited an average 12% reduction in the blood cholesterol. The other group was not given any garlic and after four months averaged a 3% reduction in cholesterol. The group that was not given the garlic was the __________ group. A. peer B. test C. treatment D. control E. double - blind Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 3. Apply Gradable: automatic Learning Outcome: 01.03b Describe some aspects of experimental design that help to ensure objective and reliable results. Section: 01.03 Topic: Scientific Method 33. A change in the genetic composition of a population over time is called __________. A. mutation B. natural selection C. selection pressure D. evolution E. adaptation Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 1. Remember Gradable: automatic Learning Outcome: 01.04b Define evolution and natural selection. Section: 01.04 Topic: Human origins and adaptations

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    34. The constant appearance of new strains of influenza virus is an example of __________. A. a model B. evolution C. selection pressure D. survivorship E. success Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 3. Apply Gradable: automatic Learning Outcome: 01.04b Define evolution and natural selection. Section: 01.04 Topic: Human origins and adaptations 35. The principal theory of how evolution works is called __________. A. natural pressure B. selective pressure C. darwinian pressure D. natural adaptation E. natural selection Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 1. Remember Gradable: automatic Learning Outcome: 01.04b Define evolution and natural selection. Section: 01.04 Topic: Human origins and adaptations 36. Which of the following was an adaptation that evolved in connection with human upright walking? A. Hair B. Fully opposable thumbs C. Stereoscopic vision D. Color vision E. Spinal and pelvic anatomy Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 2. Understand Gradable: automatic Learning Outcome: 01.04d Describe some human characteristics that evolved later in connection with upright walking. Section: 01.04 Topic: Human origins and adaptations 37. Stereoscopic vision provides __________. A. opposable perception B. color perception C. depth perception D. bipedalism E. opposition of thumbs Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

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    Blooms Level: 1. Remember Gradable: automatic Learning Outcome: 01.04c Describe some human characteristics that can be attributed to the tree - dwelling habits of earlier primates. Section: 01.04 Topic: Human origins and adaptations 38. A human is born before his/her nervous system has matured. This is traceable to __________. A. their inability to regulate body temperature B. skeletal adaptations to bipedalism C. the arboreal habits of early primates D. the conditions of modern civilization E. the diet of early species of Homo Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 2. Understand Gradable: automatic Learning Outcome: 01.04d Describe some human characteristics that evolved later in connection with upright walking. Section: 01.04 Topic: Human origins and adaptations 39. The species of modern humans is called _________. A. Homo erectus B. Homo sapiens C. Homo habilis D. early Homo E. Australopithecus Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 1. Remember Gradable: automatic Learning Outcome: 01.04d Describe some human characteristics that evolved later in connection with upright walking. Section: 01.04 Topic: Human origins and adaptations 40. Most primates are ________________, meaning they live in trees. A. prehensile B. bipedal C. cursorial D. troglodytic E. arboreal Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 1. Remember Gradable: automatic Learning Outcome: 01.04c Describe some human characteristics that can be attributed to the tree - dwelling habits of earlier primates. Section: 01.04 Topic: Human origins and adaptations

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    41. An _______________ is composed of two or more tissues types, whereas ____________ are microscopic structures in a cell. A. organ system; organs B. organ system; organelles C. organ; organelles D. organ; molecules E. organelle; molecules Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 2. Understand Gradable: automatic HAPS Objective: A06.01 Describe, in order from simplest to most complex, the major levels of organization in the human organism. HAPS Topic: Module A06 Levels of organization. Learning Outcome: 01.05a List the levels of human structure from the most complex to the simplest. Section: 01.05 Topic: Scope of anatomy and physiology 42. Which of the following lists levels of human structure from the most complex to the simplest? A. Organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system B. Organ system, organ, cell, tissue, organelle C. Organ system, organelle, tissue, cell, organ D. Organ system, organ, tissue, cell, organelle E. Organ, organ system, tissue, cell, organelle Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 2. Understand Gradable: automatic HAPS Objective: A06.01 Describe, in order from simplest to most complex, the major levels of organization in the human organi sm. HAPS Topic: Module A06 Levels of organization. Learning Outcome: 01.05a List the levels of human structure from the most complex to the simplest. Section: 01.05 Topic: Scope of anatomy and physiology 43. Which of the following lists examples of body structures from the simplest to the most complex? A. Mitochondrion, connective tissue, protein, stomach, adipocyte (fat cell) B. Protein, mitochondrion, adipocyte (fat cell), connective tissue, stomach C. Mitochondrion, connective tissue, stomach, protein, adipocyte (fat cell) D. Protein, adipocyte (fat cell), stomach, connective tissue, mitochondrion E. Protein, stomach, connective tissue, adipocyte (fat cell), mitochondrion Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 3. Apply Gradable: automatic HAPS Objective: A06.01 Describe, in order from simplest to most complex, the major levels of organization in the human organi sm. HAPS Objective: A06.02 Give an example of each level of organization. HAPS Topic: Module A06 Levels of organization. Learning Outcome: 01.05a List the levels of human structure from the most complex to the simplest. Section: 01.05 Topic: Scope of anatomy and physiology

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    44. A(n) _____________ is a group of similar cells and their intercellular materials in a discrete region of an organ performing a specific function. A. macromolecule B. organ system C. organelle D. organism E. tissue Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 1. Remember Gradable: automatic HAPS Objective: A06.01 Describe, in order from simplest to most complex, the major levels of organization in the human organism. HAPS Topic: Module A06 Levels of organization. Learning Outcome: 01.05a List the levels of human structure from the most complex to the simplest. Section: 01.05 Topic: Scope of anatomy and physiology 45. Taking apart a clock to see how it works is similar to ____________ thinking about human physiology. A. comparative B. evolutionary C. holistic D. inductive E. reductionist Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 3. Apply Gradable: automatic Learning Outcome: 01.05b Discuss the value of both reductionistic and holistic viewpoints to understanding human form and fun ction. Section: 01.05 Topic: Scope of anatomy and physiology 46. _______________ approaches understanding of the human body by studying the interactions of its parts. A. Naturalism B. Reductionism C. Vitalism D. Holism E. Rationalism Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 1. Remember Gradable: automatic Learning Outcome: 01.05b Discuss the value of both reductionistic and holistic viewpoints to understanding human form and function. Section: 01.05 Topic: Scope of anatomy and physiology

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    47. _____________ is the view that not everything about an organism can be understood or predicted from the knowledge of its components; that is, the whole is greater than the sum of its parts. A. Naturalism B. Reductionism C. Holism D. Materialism E. Science Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 1. Remember Gradable: automatic Learning Outcome: 01.05b Discuss the value of both reductionistic and holistic viewpoints to understanding human form and fun ction. Section: 01.05 Topic: Scope of anatomy and physiology 48. The fact that most of us have five lumbar vertebrae, but some people have six and some have four, is an example of ____________ variation among organisms. A. cellular B. holistic C. physiological D. anatomical E. reductionist Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 3. Apply Gradable: automatic Learning Outcome: 01.05c Discuss the clinical significance of anatomical variation among humans. Section: 01.05 Topic: Scope of anatomy and physiology 49. A surgeon needs to be familiar with different versions of anatomy. This is because of the phenomenon of _____. A. cellular adaptation B. holistic medicine C. physiological variation D. anatomical variation Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 3. Apply Gradable: automatic Learning Outcome: 01.05c Discuss the clinical significance of anatomical variation among humans. Section: 01.05 Topic: Scope of anatomy and physiology

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    50. A hemoglobin level of 12g/dL is normal for an adult female, but low for an adult male. This is an example of _____. A. cellular adaptation B. holistic medicine C. physiological variation D. anatomical variation Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 3. Apply Gradable: automatic Learning Outcome: 01.06b Explain the importance of physiological variation among persons Section: 01.06 Topic: Scope of anatomy and physiology 51. _________________ are the simplest body structures considered alive. A. Organ systems B. Organs C. Cells D. Organelles E. Molecules Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 1. Remember Gradable: automatic HAPS Objective: A06.02 Give an example of each level of organization. HAPS Topic: Module A06 Levels of organization. Learning Outcome: 01.06a State the characteristics that distinguish living organisms from nonliving objects. Section: 01.05 Topic: Scope of anatomy and physiology 52. All of the following are human organ systems except ___________. A. skeletal B. endocrine C. epidermal D. reproductive E. lymphatic Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms Level: 1. Remember Gradable: automatic HAPS Objective: A06.02 Give an example of each level of organization. HAPS Objective: A07.01 List the organ systems of the human body and their major components. HAPS Topic: Module A06 Levels of organization. HAPS Topic: Module A07 Survey of body systems. Learning Outcome: 01.05a List the levels of human structure from the most complex to the simplest. Section: 01.05 Topic: Scope of anatomy and physiology

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