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Illustrated Dental Embryology, Histology, and Anatomy 4th Edition Test Bank

Develop a deep understanding of exam topics with Illustrated Dental Embryology, Histology, and Anatomy 4th Edition Test Bank, a complete study and practice guide.

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    Chapter 01: Face and Neck Regions MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Which of the following facial features is located laterally to each naris? a. Orbit b. Nasal ala c. Nasal septum d. Philtrum ANS: B The nares are separated by the midline nasal septum. The nares are also bounded laterally by winglike cartilaginous structures, each ala (plural, alae) of the nose. In the orbital region of the face, the eyeball and all its supporting structures are contained in the orbit of the skull, the bony eye socket. On the midline of the upper lip extending downward from the nasal septum is a vertical groove, the philtrum. REF: Chapter 1, Nasal Region, Page 2 2. The lips are outlined from the surrounding skin by a transition area called the: a. philtrum. b. mucogingival junction. c. mucocutaneous junction. d. mandibular symphysis. ANS: C The vermilion zone of each lip has a darker appearance than the surrounding skin, with the lips outlined from the surrounding skin by a transition zone, the mucocutaneous junction. On the midline of the upper lip extending downward from the nasal septum is a vertical groove, the philtrum. The line of demarcation between the firmer and pinker attached gingiva and the movable and redder alveolar mucosa is the scallop - shaped mucogingival junction. The midline of the mandible is marked by the mandibular symphysis. REF: Chapter 1, Oral Region, Page 2 3. Which of the following structures can be palpated in the anterior midline of the neck? a. Thyroid cartilage b. Parathyroid glands c. Sternocleidomastoid muscle d. Submandibular salivary gland ANS: A Found in the anterior midline and inferior to the hyoid bone is the thyroid cartilage, which is the prominence of the “voice box,” or larynx. The vocal cords, or ligaments of the larynx, are attached to the posterior surface of the thyroid cartilage. The parathyroid glands are located close to or within the posterior aspect of the thyroid gland but cannot be palpated in a patient; the thyroid gland can be palpated on a patient within the midline cervical area. The large strap muscle, the sternocleidomastoid muscle, is easily palpated on each side of the neck. The submandibular salivary gland is in the neck region but not in the midline.

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    REF: Chapter 1, Neck Regions, Page 8 4. Which of the following statements concerning the zygomatic arch is correct ? a. The temporomandibular joint is superior. b. The infraorbital region is inferior. c. It overlies the mandible. d. The external ear is posterior. ANS: D Farther laterally to the infraorbital region is the zygomatic region, which overlies the bony support for the cheek, the zygomatic arch. The zygomatic arch extends from just below the lateral margin of the eye toward the middle part of the external ear, which is located posteriorly. Inferior to the zygomatic arch and just anterior to the external ear is the temporomandibular joint. REF: Chapter 1, Zygomatic Region, Page 2 5. One of the muscles forming the cheek is the strong _____ muscle, which is felt when a patient clenches the teeth together. a. lateral pterygoid b. masseter c. medial pterygoid d. temporalis ANS: B The buccal region of the face is composed of the soft tissue of the cheek. The c heek forms the side of the face and is a broad area of the face between the nose, mouth, and ear. Most of the upper cheek is fleshy, mainly formed by a mass of fat and muscles. One of the muscles forming the cheek is the strong masseter muscle, which is palpated when a patient clenches the teeth together. The pterygoid muscles are also located on each side of the face near the mouth, and the temporalis is located in the temporal region. REF: Chapter 1, Buccal Region, Page 2 6. Just inferior to the zygomatic arch and just anterior to the external ear is the: a. temporomandibular joint. b. infraorbital region. c. mental region. d. parotid gland. ANS: A Inferior to the zygomatic arch and just anterior to the external ear is the temporomandibular joint. The infraorbital region of the face is located inferior to the orbital region and lateral to the nasal region. Farther laterally is the zygomatic region, which overlies the bony support for the cheek, the zygomatic arch. The zygomatic arch extends from just below the lateral margin of the eye toward the middle part of the external ear. The chin is the major feature of the mental region of the face; the bone underlying the mental region is the mandible, or lower jaw. The parotid is located irregularly from the zygomatic arch down to the posterior border of the lower jaw. REF: Chapter 1, Zygomatic Region, Page 2

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    7. The _____ salivary gland is located irregularly from the zygomatic arch down to the posterior border of the lower jaw. a. parotid b. submandibular c. von Ebner d. sublingual ANS: A The parotid is located irregularly from the zygomatic arch down to the posterior border of the lower jaw. Both the submandibular salivary and sublingual are in the neck region. The von Ebner refers to minor glands located deep to the circumvallate lingual papillae on the dorsal surface of the tongue. REF: Chapter 1, Buccal Region, Page 2 8. The _____ extends from just below the lateral margin of the eye toward the middle part of the external ear. a. temporomandibular joint b. zygomatic arch c. labial commissure d. infraorbital region ANS: B The zygomatic arch extends from just below the lateral margin of the eye toward the middle part of the external ear. Inferior to the zygomatic arch and just anterior to the external ear is the temporomandibular joint. The upper and lower lips meet at each corner of the mouth at the labial commissure. The infraorbital region of the face is located inferior to the orbital region and lateral to the nasal region. REF: Chapter 1, Zygomatic Region, Page 2 9. The main feature of the _____ region of the face is the external nose. a. infraorbital b. zygomatic c. nasal d. temporal ANS: C The main feature of the nasal region of the face is the external nose. The infraorbital region of the face is located inferior to the orbital region and lateral to the nasal region. Farther laterally is the zygomatic region, which overlies the bony support for the cheek, the zygomatic arch. The temporal region is on the lateral side of the head at the temple. REF: Chapter 1, Nasal Region, Page 1 10. Which of the following orofacial structures is located in the midline of the face or neck? a. Philtrum b. Submandibular salivary gland c. Naris and ala d. Parotid salivary gland

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    ANS: A On the midline of the upper lip extending downward from the nasal septum is a vertical groove, the philtrum. The submandibular can also be palpated in a patient in the neck region but not in the midline. Inferior to the apex on each side of the nose is a nostril, or naris (plural, nares). The nares are also bounded laterally by winglike cartilaginous structures, each ala (plural, alae) of the nose. The parotid is located irregularly from the zygomatic arch down to the posterior border of the lower jaw and not in the midline. REF: Chapter 1, Oral Region, Page 2 11. The _____ region includes the forehead and area above the eyes. a. infraorbital b. orbital c. temporal d. frontal ANS: D The frontal region of the face includes the forehead and the area above the eyes. The infraorbital region of the face is located inferior to the orbital region and lateral to the nasal region. In the orbital region of the face, the eyeball and all its supporting structures are contained in the orbit of the skull, the bony eye socket. The temporal region is on the lateral side of the head at the temple. REF: Chapter 1, Frontal Region, Page 1 12. Which of the following may be involved in the disruption of the vermilion zone and may make it hard to determine the exact location of its mucocutaneous junction between the lips and the surrounding skin? a. Scar tissue b. Hypercalcification c. Cleft palate d. Symmetry ANS: A Disruption of the vermilion zone may make it hard to determine the exact locatio n of its mucocutaneous junction between the lips and the surrounding skin. These changes may be due to scar tissue from past traumatic incidents, developmental disturbances, or cellular changes in the tissue such as occur with solar damage. These changes may also represent a more serious condition such as cancer; however, this can be verified only with tissue biopsy and microscopic examination. If this change is part of a past history of a cleft lip, this also needs to be noted in the patient record because of its impact on dental care. REF: Chapter 1, Clinical Considerations with Lips, Page 2 13. The _____ region of the face is composed of the soft tissue of the cheek. a. infraorbital b. orbital c. temporal d. buccal ANS: D

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    The buccal region of the face is composed of the soft tissue of the cheek. The infraorbital region of the face is located inferior to the orbital region and lateral to the nasal region. In the orbital region of the face, the eyeball and all its supporting structures are contained in the orbit of the skull, the bony eye socket. The temporal region is on the lateral side of the head at the temple. REF: Chapter 1, Buccal Region, Page 2 14. To palpate the lower jaw moving at the temporomandibular joint on a patient, a finger is placed into the external ear canal during: a. rest. b. movement. c. swallowing. d. eye closure. ANS: B To palpate the lower jaw moving at the temporomandibular joint on a patient, a finger is placed into the external ear canal during movement. REF: Chapter 1, Zygomatic Region, Page 2 15. The chin is the major feature of the _____ region of the face. a. zygomatic b. infraorbital c. mental d. oral ANS: C The chin is the major feature of the mental region of the face. The infraorbital region of the face is located inferior to the orbital region and lateral to the nasal region. Farther laterally is the zygomatic region, which overlies the bony support for the cheek, the zygomatic arch. The oral region of the face has many structures within it, such as the lips and oral cavity. REF: Chapter 1, Mental Region, Page 2 16. The _____ gland, an endocrine gland, can be palpated within the midline cervical area. a. parathyroid b. thyroid c. parotid d. submandibular ANS: B The thyroid gland, an endocrine gland, can be palpated on a patient within the midline cervical area. The parathyroid glands are located close to or within the posterior aspect of the thyroid gland but cannot be palpated in a patient. The parotid is located irregularly from the zygomatic arch down to the posterior border of the lower jaw; the parotid has a small part that can be palpated on a patient in the buccal region as well as in the zygomatic region. The submandibular can also be palpated in the neck region but not in the midline. REF: Chapter 1, Neck Regions, Page 8 17. The large strap muscle, the _____ muscle, is located on each side of the neck.

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    a. masseter b. sternocleidomastoid c. lateral pterygoid d. medial pterygoid ANS: B The large strap muscle, the sternocleidomastoid muscle, is easily palpated on each side of a patient’s neck. One of these muscles forming the cheek is the strong masseter muscle, which is palpated when a patient clenches the teeth together. The pterygoid muscles are also located on each side of the face. REF: Chapter 1, Neck Regions, Page 8 18. The regions of the face include the frontal, _____, nasal, infraorbital, zygomatic, buccal, oral, and mental regions. a. temporal b. occipital c. orbital d. parietal ANS: C The regions of the face include the frontal, orbital, nasal, infraorbital, zygom atic, buccal, oral, and mental regions. The other regions are regions of the head and include the temporal, occipital, and parietal. REF: Chapter 1, Face Regions, Page 1 19. The _____ are separated by the midline nasal septum. a. alae b. nares c. zygomatic arches d. commissures ANS: B Inferior to the apex on each side of the nose is a nostril, or naris (plural, nares). The nares are separated by the midline nasal septum. The nares are also bounded laterally by winglike cartilaginous structures, each ala (plural, alae) of the nose. Farther laterally is the zygomatic region, which overlies the bony support for the cheek, the zygomatic arch. The upper and lower lips meet at each corner of the mouth at the labial commissure. REF: Chapter 1, Nasal Region, Page 2 20. What part of the mandible extends upward and backward from the body of the mandible on each side? a. Coronoid process b. Mandibular symphysis c. Ramus d. Coronoid notch ANS: C

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    The bone underlying the mental region is the mandible, or lower jaw. On the lateral aspect of the mandible, the stout, flat plate of the ramus (plural, rami) extends upward and backward from the body of the mandible on each side. At the anterior border of the ramus is a thin, sharp margin that terminates in the coronoid process. The midline of the mandible is marked by the mandibular symphysis. The main part of the anterior border of the ramus forms a concave forward curve, the coronoid notch. REF: Chapter 1, Mental Region, Page 2 21. The lips are fleshy folds that mark the gateway of the _____ cavity proper. a. zygomatic b. infraorbital c. mental d. oral ANS: D The upper and lower lips are fleshy folds that mark the gateway of the oral cavity proper. The infraorbital region of the face is located inferior to the orbital region and lateral to the nasal region. Farther laterally is the zygomatic region, which overlies the bony support for the cheek, the zygomatic arch. The chin is the major feature of the mental region of the face. REF: Chapter 1, Oral Region, Page 2 22. The sharp angle of the lower jaw inferior to the earlobe is termed the angle of the : a. mandible. b. maxilla. c. temporomandibular joint. d. zygomatic arch. ANS: A The sharp angle of the lower jaw inferior to the earlobe is termed the angle of the mandible . The bone underlying the lower lip is the lower jaw, or mandible. Underlying the upper lip is the upper jaw, or maxilla. Inferior to the zygomatic arch and just anterior to the external ear is the temporomandibular joint. The zygomatic arch extends from just below the lateral margin of the eye toward the middle part of the external ear. REF: Chapter 1, Buccal Region, Page 2 23. Between the vermilion zone and the inner oral cavity is the: a. philtrum. b. mucogingival junction. c. mucocutaneous junction. d. intermediate zone. ANS: D Between the vermilion zone and the inner oral cavity is the intermediate zone. The vermilion zone of each lip has a darker appearance than the surrounding skin, with the lips outlined from the surrounding skin by a transition zone, the mucocutaneous junction. On the midline of the upper lip, extending downward from the nasal septum, is a vertical groove, the philtrum. The line of demarcation between the firmer and pinker attached gingiva and the movable and redder alveolar mucosa is the scallop - shaped mucogingival junction.

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    REF: Chapter 1, Oral Region, Page 2 24. Which of the following orofacial structures contributes to the prominence of the neck that is also called the “Adam’s apple”? a. Sublingual salivary gland b. Submandibular salivary gland c. Thyroid cartilage d. Hyoid bone ANS: C Found in the anterior midline and inferior to the hyoid bone is the thyroid cartilage, which is the prominence of the “voice box,” or larynx. The submandibular salivary gland and the sublingual salivary gland can also be palpated in a patient in the neck region superior to the hyoid bone. At the anterior midline is the hyoid bone, which is suspended in the neck; many muscles attach to the hyoid bone, which controls the position of the base of the tongue. REF: Chapter 1, Neck Regions, Page 8 25. The philtrum terminates in a thicker area of the midline of the upper lip, the _____ of the upper lip. a. septum b. tubercle c. symphysis d. ramus ANS: B The philtrum terminates in a thicker area of the midline of the upper lip, the tubercle of the upper lip. The nares are separated by the midline nasal septum. The midline of the mandible is marked by the mandibular symphysis. On the lateral aspect of the mandible, the stout, flat plate of the ramus (plural, rami) extends upward and backward from the body of the mandible on each side. REF: Chapter 1, Oral Region, Page 2

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    Chapter 02: Oral Cavity and Pharynx MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Which of the following oral landmarks may be noted on the soft palate? a. Incisive papilla b. Palatine rugae c. Median palatine raphe d. Uvula ANS: D A midline muscular structure, the uvula of the palate, hangs down from the posterior margin of the soft palate. The incisive papilla is a small bulge of tissue at the most anterior part of the hard palate. The median palatine raphe is a midline ridge of tissue on the hard palate. The palatine rugae are firm, irregular ridges of tissue on the hard palate. REF: Chapter 2, Palate, Page 15 2. Which of the following oral landmarks separates the base from the body of the tongue? a. Sublingual fold b. Lingual tonsil c. Plica fimbriatae d. Sulcus terminalis ANS: D Posteriorly on the dorsal surface of the tongue is an inverted V - shaped groove, the sulcus terminalis; it separates the base from the body of the tongue, demarcating a line of fusion of tissue during the tongue’s development. A ridge of tissue on each side of the floor of the mouth, the sublingual fold, joins in a V - shaped configuration extending from the lingual frenum to the base of the tongue; it contains openings of the sublingual duct from the sublingual salivary gland. Even farther posteriorly on the dorsal surface of the base of the tongue is an irregular mass of tissue, the lingual tonsil. Lateral to each deep lingual vein on the ventral surface of the tongue is the plica fimbriata (plural, plicae fimbriatae) with fringelike projections. REF: Chapter 2, Tongue, Page 15 3. Which of the following statements concerning Fordyce spots is correct ? a. Composed of salivary gland tissue b. Located on the attached gingiva c. Composed of sebum from sebaceous tissue d. Indicate a disease state in the tissue ANS: C On the surface of the labial and buccal mucosa is a common variation, Fordyce spots. These are visible as small, yellowish elevations on the oral mucosa. They represent deeper deposits of sebum from trapped or misplaced sebaceous gland tissue, usually associated with hair follicles. REF: Chapter 2, Clinical Considerations with Oral Mucosa, Page 10

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    4. The line of demarcation between the attached gingiva and the alveolar mucosa is the: a. mucogingival junction. b. interdental gingiva. c. mucobuccal fold. d. marginal gingiva. ANS: A The line of demarcation between the firmer and pinker attached gingiva and the movable and redder alveolar mucosa is the scallop - shaped mucogingival junction. The interdental gingiva is the gingival tissue between adjacent teeth adjoining attached gingiva. Deep within each vestibule is the vestibular fornix, where the pink labial mucosa or buccal mucosa meets the redder alveolar mucosa at the mucobuccal fold. At the gingival margin of each tooth is the marginal gingiva, which forms a cuff above the neck of the tooth. REF: Chapter 2, Gingival Tissue, Page 13 5. The root of the mature and fully erupted tooth is composed of: a. enamel, dentin, and pulp. b. dentin and pulp. c. dentin, pulp, and cementum. d. pulp, cementum, and periodontal ligament. ANS: C The crown of the tooth is composed of the extremely hard outer enamel layer and the moderately hard inner dentin layer overlying the pulp of the tooth. The pulp is the soft innermost layer in the tooth. The moderately hard dentin continues to cover the soft tissue of the pulp of the tooth in the root(s), but the outermost layer of the root(s) is composed of cementum. The bonelike cementum is the part of the tooth that attaches to the periodontal ligament, which then attaches to the alveolus of bone, holding the tooth in its socket. REF: Chapter 2, Jaws, Alveolar Processes, and Teeth, Page 12 6. Which of the following lingual papillae are located on the lateral surface of the tongue? a. Circumvallate papillae b. Filiform papillae c. Fungiform papillae d. Foliate papillae ANS: D Certain surfaces of the tongue have small, elevated structures of specialized mucosa, the lingual papillae, some of which are associated with taste buds. The side or lateral surface of the tongue has vertical ridges, the foliate lingual papillae. The dorsal surface has the filiform, fungiform, and circumvallate. REF: Chapter 2, Tongue, Page 15 7. Which of the following folds or grooves of tissue are located on the floor of the mouth? a. Plica fimbriatae b. Labiomental groove c. Sublingual folds

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    d. Labial commissure ANS: C A ridge of tissue on each side of the floor of the mouth, the sublingual fold, joins in a V - shaped configuration extending from the lingual frenum to the base of the tongue. The sublingual folds contain openings of the sublingual duct from the sublingual salivary gland. The labiomental groove is the natural indentation in the chin, just inferior to the lips, that takes its form from the muscles and bones lying beneath the skin. The upper and lower lips meet at each corner of the mouth at the labial commissure. REF: Chapter 2, Floor of Mouth, Page 17 8. Which of the following structures is never visible in any part on a dental intraoral examination? a. Oropharynx b. Laryngopharynx c. Soft palate d. Nasopharynx ANS: B The laryngopharynx is the more inferior division of the pharynx, close to the la ryngeal opening. To examine the more extensive parts of the nasopharynx as well as the laryngopharynx or even the oropharynx in some patients, special diagnostic tools are needed. REF: Chapter 2, Pharyngeal Divisions, Page 17 9. A midline depression on the dorsal surface of the tongue is called the: a. median palatine raphe. b. sulcus terminalis. c. labiomental groove. d. median lingual sulcus. ANS: D The top, or dorsal surface of the tongue, has a midline depression, the median lingual sulcus, corresponding to the position of a midline fibrous structure deeper in the tongue and fusion tissue area. A midline ridge of tissue on the hard palate is the median palatine raphe, which overlies the bony fusion of the palate. The labiomental groove is the natural indentation in the chin, just inferior to the lips. Posteriorly on the dorsal surface of the tongue, and more difficult to see clinically, is an inverted V - shaped groove, the sulcus terminalis. REF: Chapter 2, Tongue, Page 15 10. Adult teeth, or _____ teeth, also include all the same teeth as the primary teeth as well as premolars. a. deciduous b. permanent c. baby d. primary ANS: B

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    Adult teeth, or permanent teeth, also include all the same teeth as the primary teeth, as well as premolars. The tooth types in both arches of the teeth of children, or primary teeth, include incisors, canines, and molars. Other terms for the primary teeth are the deciduous or “baby” teeth. REF: Chapter 2, Dental Arches, Page 12 11. Which of the following orofacial structures contains the alveolus of a tooth? a. Vestibular fornix b. Alveolar process c. Zygomatic arch d. Retromolar pad ANS: B The alveolar process, or alveolar bone, is the bony extension for both the maxilla and mandible that contains each tooth socket of the teeth or alveolus (plural, alveoli). The alveolar process, or alveolar bone, is the bony extension for both the maxilla and mandible that contains each tooth socket of the teeth or alveolus (plural, alveoli). Farther laterally is the zygomatic region, which overlies the bony support for the cheek, the zygomatic arch. On the lower jaw is a dense pad of tissue located just distal to the last tooth of the mandibular arch, the retromolar pad. REF: Chapter 2, Jaws, Alveolar Processes, Page 10 12. The oral tissue closest to the inner cheek is best described as: a. labial. b. facial. c. buccal. d. palatal. ANS: C The facial structures close to the inner cheek are buccal. The structures closest to the tongue are lingual. The lingual structures closest to the palate are palatal. The structures closest to the facial surface are facial. The facial structures closest to the lips are labial. REF: Chapter 2, Oral Cavity Divisions, Page 9 13. The outermost layer of the root is composed of: a. cementum. b. pulp. c. dentin. d. enamel. ANS: A The crown of the tooth is composed of the extremely hard outer enamel layer and the moderately hard inner dentin layer overlying the pulp of the tooth. The pulp is the soft innermost layer in the tooth. The moderately hard dentin continues to cover the soft tissue of the pulp of the tooth in the root(s), but the outermost layer of the root(s) is composed of cementum. The bonelike cementum is the part of the tooth that attaches to the periodontal ligament.

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    REF: Chapter 2, Jaws, Alveolar Processes, and Teeth, Page 12 14. Just distal to the last tooth of the maxillary arch is a tissue - covered elevation of the bone called the: a. maxillary arch. b. maxillary tuberosity. c. canine eminence. d. retromolar pad. ANS: B Just distal to the last tooth of the maxillary arch is a tissue - covered elevation of the bone, the maxillary tuberosity. Similarly, on the lower jaw is a dense pad of tissue located just distal to the last tooth of the mandibular arch, the retromolar pad. The alveolar processes with the teeth in the alveoli are also called dental arches, the maxillary arch and mandibular arch. The facial part of the alveolus of each canine, the vertically placed canine eminence, is especially prominent on each side of the maxilla. REF: Chapter 2, Dental Arches, Page 12 15. On which of the following orofacial tissue is the linea alba located? a. Attached gingiva b. Marginal gingiva c. Labial mucosa d. Buccal mucosa ANS: D A variation that can be noted on the buccal mucosa is the linea alba. This is a white ridge of hyperkeratinization that extends horizontally at the level where the maxillary and mandibular teeth come together and occlude; similar ridges of white tissue can sometimes be present on the tongue perimeter. REF: Chapter 2, Clinical Considerations with Oral Mucosa, Page 10 16. The structures closest to the lips are termed _____ or labial. a. lingual b. facial c. buccal d. palatal ANS: B The structures closest to the facial surface are facial. The facial structures closest to the lips are labial. The facial structures close to the inner cheek are buccal. The structures closest to the tongue are lingual. The lingual structures closest to the palate are palatal. REF: Chapter 2, Oral Cavity Divisions, Page 9 17. The pink labial mucosa or buccal mucosa meets the redder _____ at the mucobuccal fold. a. marginal gingiva b. attached gingiva c. alveolar mucosa d. interdental papilla

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    ANS: C Deep within each vestibule is the vestibular fornix, where the pink labial mucosa or buccal mucosa meets the redder alveolar mucosa at the mucobuccal fold. The gingival tissue that tightly adheres to the alveolar process surrounding the roots of the teeth is the attached gingiva. At the gingival margin of each tooth is the marginal gingiva, which forms a cuff above the neck of the tooth. The interdental gingiva is the gingival tissue between adjacent teeth adjoining attached gingiva, with each individual extension being an interdental papilla. REF: Chapter 2, Oral Vestibules, Page 10 18. The _____ is a white ridge of raised callused tissue that extends horizontally at the level where the maxillary and mandibular teeth come together and occlude. a. linea alba b. buccal fat pad c. parotid papilla d. labial frenum ANS: A The linea alba is a white ridge of hyperkeratinization that extends horizontally at the level where the maxillary and mandibular teeth come together and occlude; similar ridges of white tissue can sometimes be present on the tongue perimeter. The buccal mucosa covers a dense pad of underlying fat tissue at the posterior part of each vestibule, the buccal fat pad. On the inner part of the buccal mucosa, just opposite the maxillary second molar, is a small elevation of tissue is the parotid papilla. The labial frenum (plural, frena) is a fold of tissue located at the midline between the labial mucosa and the alveolar mucosa on the upper and lower dental arches. REF: Chapter 2, Clinical Considerations with Oral Mucosa Features, Page 10 19. Each body of the maxilla is superior to the teeth and contains the _____ sinuses. a. sphenoidal b. ethmoidal c. frontal d. maxillary ANS: D Each body of the maxilla, a facial bone, is superior to the teeth and contains the maxillary sinus. The other sinuses listed — the sphenoidal, ethmoidal, and frontal — are contained within the cranial bones. REF: Chapter 2, Jaws, Alveolar Processes, and Teeth, Page 10 20. The facial part of the alveolus of the ____, the vertically placed eminence, is especially prominent on the maxilla. a. premolar b. canine c. molar d. incisor ANS: B

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    The facial part of the alveolus of each canine, the vertically placed canine eminence, is especially prominent on each side of the maxilla. The alveolar process, or alveolar bone, is the bony extension for both the maxilla and mandible that contains each tooth socket of the teeth or alveolus (plural, alveoli). REF: Chapter 2, Jaws, Alveolar Processes, and Teeth, Page 10 21. Surrounding the teeth in the alveoli and covering the alveolar processes is the _____, which is composed of a firm pink tissue. a. gingiva b. minor salivary glands c. Fordyce spots d. linea alba ANS: A Surrounding the maxillary and mandibular teeth in the alveoli and covering the a lveolar processes are the soft tissue gums, or gingiva (or more accurately, but not commonly, by the dental community, gingivae), composed of a firm pink mucosa. Minor salivary glands are deep within the oral mucosa throughout the oral cavity. Fordyce spots are visible as small, yellowish elevations on the oral mucosa; they represent deeper deposits of sebum from trapped or misplaced sebaceous gland tissue, usually associated with hair follicles. The linea alba is a white ridge of hyperkeratinization that extends horizontally at the level where the maxillary and mandibular teeth come together and occlude; similar ridges of white tissue can sometimes be present on the tongue perimeter. REF: Chapter 2, Gingival Tissue, Page 13 22. What is the midline ridge of tissue on the hard palate? a. Incisive papilla b. Palatine rugae c. Median palatine raphe d. Uvula ANS: C The median palatine raphe is a midline ridge of tissue on the hard palate. The incisive papilla is a small bulge of tissue at the most anterior part of the hard palate. The palatine rugae are firm, irregular ridges of tissue on the hard palate. A midline muscular structure, the uvula of the palate, hangs down from the posterior margin of the soft palate. REF: Chapter 2, Palate, Page 15 23. What are the small, elevated structures of specialized mucosa located on the dorsal surfaces of the tongue, some of which are associated with taste buds? a. Lingual papilla b. Sulcus terminalis c. Parotid papilla d. Foramen cecum ANS: A

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