Visual Anatomy And Physiology, 2nd Edition Test Bank

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ExamName___________________________________MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.1)Which of the following organs is located between the peritoneum and the body wall?1)A)large intestineB)urinary bladderC)spleenD)stomachE)kidneyAnswer:EExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)2)An anatomical term that means thesameas "ventral"is2)A)anterior.B)superior.C)posterior.D)inferior.E)abdominal.Answer:AExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)3)An example of a receptor in a negative feedback loop controlling body temperature would be3)A)temperature sensors on the skin that detect a stimulus.B)sweat glands that act like effectors.C)effectors that cause blood vessels to dilate.D)regulatory centers that send commands to an effector.E)sweat glands that increase secretion.Answer:AExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)1

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4)The muscle known as the diaphragm separates the ________ from the ________.4)A)pericardial sac; pericardial cavityB)pericardial cavity; pleural cavityC)abdominal cavity; pelvic cavityD)thoracic cavity; abdominopelvic cavityE)pleural cavity; mediastinumAnswer:DExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)5)What is able to bind to a receptor?5)A)waterB)any chemicalC)the nearest chemicalD)the chemical of the proper structureE)carbon dioxideAnswer:DExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)6)When homeostatic mechanisms fail, an individual will experience the symptoms of6)A)positive feedback.B)negative feedback.C)illness or disease.D)homeostasis.Answer:CExplanation:A)B)C)D)7)A midsagittal section would pass through the7)A)kidney.B)lung.C)heart.D)leg.E)spleen.Answer:CExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)2

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8)A cell or organ that responds to commands of the control center in negative feedback is termed a(n)8)A)effector.B)receptor.C)stimulus.D)thermoregulator.E)control center (integration center).Answer:AExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)9)Eponyms, or commemorative names, were anatomical structures commonly named after9)A)religious leaders of the time.B)the discoverers.C)tools used in dissection.D)political leaders of the time.E)those that funded the research.Answer:BExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)10)A person lying face down is in the ________ position.10)A)proneB)anteriorC)posteriorD)supineE)anatomicalAnswer:AExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)11)The urinary bladder is found in the ________ quadrant and the ________ quadrant.11)A)left upper; left lowerB)right lower; left lowerC)right upper; right lowerD)right upper; left lowerAnswer:BExplanation:A)B)C)D)3

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12)In general, the nervous system does each of the followingexcept12)A)directs long-term responses to change.B)helps to maintain homeostasis.C)responds rapidly to change and directs very specific responses.D)directs very specific responses.E)responds rapidly to change.Answer:AExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)13)Which organ system removes carbon dioxide from the bloodstream?13)A)respiratoryB)lymphaticC)endocrineD)cardiovascularE)digestiveAnswer:AExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)14)The chin is ________ to the nose.14)A)superiorB)medialC)anteriorD)posteriorE)inferiorAnswer:EExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)15)Which of the following regions corresponds to the buttocks?15)A)glutealB)pelvicC)thoracicD)cephalicE)lumbarAnswer:AExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)4

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16)Which plane divides the body into right and left parts?16)A)transverseB)orthogonalC)sagittalD)frontalE)proximalAnswer:CExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)17)The right pleural cavity contains the17)A)left lung.B)heart.C)left lung and right lung.D)right lung.E)trachea.Answer:DExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)18)Which organ system provides support, protection of soft tissue, mineral storage, and bloodformation?18)A)integumentaryB)endocrineC)muscularD)nervousE)skeletalAnswer:EExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)19)The central principle of physiology is19)A)reflexes.B)nutrition.C)stimulation.D)homeostasis.E)temperature regulation.Answer:DExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)5

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20)Much of the early history in anatomy is tied to what country?20)A)ItalyB)SpainC)FranceD)United StatesE)EnglandAnswer:AExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)21)What type of feedback exaggerates the effects of variations from normal?21)A)depressingB)elevatingC)neutralD)positiveE)negativeAnswer:DExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)22)While standing in the anatomical position,22)A)front refers to posterior.B)front refers to inferior.C)back refers to dorsal.D)back refers to anterior.E)back refers to superior.Answer:CExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)23)While standing erect, the direction of caudal is23)A)downward.B)upward.C)medially.D)laterally.E)None of the answers is correct.Answer:AExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)6

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24)Gas exchange is to the respiratory system as absorption of nutrients is to the ________ system(s).24)A)urinaryB)digestiveC)cardiovascularD)lymphaticE)urinary and cardiovascularAnswer:BExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)25)The wrist is ________ to the elbow.25)A)lateralB)medialC)proximalD)horizontalE)distalAnswer:EExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)26)The two major divisions of the ventral body cavity are the26)A)cranial and sacral.B)pelvic and thoracic.C)lateral and medial.D)dorsal and ventral.E)thoracic and abdominopelvic.Answer:EExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)27)If a responseincreasesa disturbance, the system is classified as a ________ feedback system.27)A)neutralB)deficitC)negativeD)positiveE)polarizedAnswer:DExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)7

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28)Which of the following is arranged in correct order from the mostcomplexto thesimplest?28)A)tissue, cellular, molecular, organ, system, organismB)organism, system, organ, tissue, cellular, molecularC)cellular, tissue, molecular, system, organ, organismD)organ, organism, molecular, cellular, tissue, systemE)molecular, cellular, tissue, organ, system, organismAnswer:BExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)29)Which of the following organs isnotcontained within the abdominal cavity?29)A)pancreasB)ovaryC)spleenD)stomachE)small intestineAnswer:BExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)30)The quadrants of the abdominopelvic region include all of the followingexceptthe30)A)right upper quadrant (RUQ).B)pelvic quadrant.C)left upper quadrant (LUQ).D)left lower quadrant (LLQ).E)right lower quadrant (RLQ).Answer:BExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)31)Which organ system transports nutrients, metabolic wastes, gases, and defense cells?31)A)cardiovascularB)urinaryC)respiratoryD)digestiveE)muscularAnswer:AExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)8

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32)The heart is ________ to the lungs.32)A)distalB)posteriorC)medialD)proximalE)lateralAnswer:CExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)33)Which one of the following isnota characteristic of the endocrine system?33)A)It produces an effect that involves several organs or tissues at the same time.B)It releases chemicals that affect other organs or tissues.C)It produces a more rapid response than the nervous system.D)It is important in regulating organs and tissues.E)It produces effects that last for days or longer.Answer:CExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)34)The common name for the pollex is the34)A)armpit.B)groin.C)thumb.D)foot.E)hand.Answer:CExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)35)Which of the following isnotconsidered an abdominopelvic region?35)A)left lumbarB)right inguinal regionC)left hypochondriacD)right hypochondriacE)upper rightAnswer:EExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)9

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36)To what level of organization does a protein belong?36)A)organ levelB)organ system levelC)tissue levelD)chemical levelE)cellular levelAnswer:DExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)37)Which of the following isnota characteristic of life?37)A)excretionB)decompositionC)responsivenessD)growthE)respirationAnswer:BExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)38)The common name for the patellar region is the38)A)neckB)kneecap.C)hand.D)breast.E)ear.Answer:BExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)39)Directing long-term changes in the activities of other organ systems is the major function of the________ system.39)A)respiratoryB)cardiovascularC)lymphaticD)endocrineE)digestiveAnswer:DExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)10

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40)Anatomy is to ________ as physiology is to ________.40)A)structure; functionB)structure; formC)function; formD)growth; formE)form; structureAnswer:AExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)41)When body temperature rises, a center in the brain initiates physiological changes to decrease thebody temperature. This is an example of41)A)diagnostic regulation.B)fever.C)positive feedback.D)negative feedback.E)nonhomeostatic regulation.Answer:DExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)42)The maintenance of a constant internal environment in an organism is termed42)A)effector control.B)negative feedback.C)positive feedback.D)homeostasis.E)integration.Answer:DExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)43)The mediastinum43)A)contains both the pleural and pericardial cavities.B)contains the pleural cavities.C)separates the pleural cavities.D)separates the pleural cavities, and contains the pericardial cavity.E)contains the pericardial cavity.Answer:DExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)11

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44)The four major tissue types include each of the followingexcept________ tissue.44)A)nervousB)connectiveC)glandularD)epithelialE)muscularAnswer:CExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)45)A chemical imbalance in the blood can cause the heart to stop pumping blood, which in turn willcause other tissues and organs to cease functioning. This observation supports the view that45)A)chemical molecules make up cells.B)all levels of organization within an organism are interdependent.C)congenital defects can be life-threatening.D)blood has magical properties.E)all organisms are composed of cells.Answer:BExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)46)The integrating center for the negative feedback loop that regulates body temperature is the46)A)positive feedback center.B)skin.C)temperature receptor.D)thermostat.E)brain.Answer:EExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)47)The liver is primarily located in the ________ quadrant.47)A)left lowerB)right lowerC)hepaticD)right upperE)left upperAnswer:DExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)12

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48)A person facing forward with hands at the sides and palms facing forward is in the ________position.48)A)sagittalB)proneC)anatomicalD)supineE)frontalAnswer:CExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)49)Which organ system functions in defense against infection and disease?49)A)digestiveB)lymphaticC)nervousD)cardiovascularE)endocrineAnswer:BExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)50)What is the smallest living level of organization?50)A)chemical levelB)tissue levelC)cellular levelD)organ system levelE)organ levelAnswer:CExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)13

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51)Because the anatomy and physiology of the body's structures are interrelated, it is often said that"form determines ________."51)A)biologyB)structureC)functionD)anatomyE)physiologyAnswer:CExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)52)The common term for the buccal region is the52)A)buttock.B)arm.C)cheek.D)foot.E)head.Answer:CExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)53)A person is lying on the bed gazing at the ceiling. She is in the ________ position.53)A)dorsalB)supineC)anatomicalD)proneE)caudalAnswer:BExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)54)The serous membrane covering the stomach and most of the intestines is called the54)A)peritoneum.B)abdomen.C)mediastinum.D)pericardium.E)pleura.Answer:AExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)14

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55)Which of the following terms refers to the foot?55)A)cervicalB)pedalC)brachialD)femoralE)antebrachialAnswer:BExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)56)Protection from environmental hazards is a function of the ________ system.56)A)endocrineB)skeletal and muscularC)skeletalD)integumentaryE)muscularAnswer:DExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)57)The common term for the carpal region is the57)A)wrist.B)leg.C)skull.D)ankle.E)chest.Answer:AExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)58)The ability of an organism to change behaviors, abilities, or structures to survive is called58)A)responsiveness.B)adaptability.C)excretion.D)respiration.E)circulation.Answer:BExplanation:A)B)C)D)E)15

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