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Visual Anatomy And Physiology, 2nd Edition Test Bank

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    Exam Name___________________________________ MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Which of the following organs is located between the peritoneum and the body wall? 1) A) large intestine B) urinary bladder C) spleen D) stomach E) kidney Answer: E Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 2) An anatomical term that means the same as "ventral" is 2) A) anterior. B) superior. C) posterior. D) inferior. E) abdominal. Answer: A Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 3) An example of a receptor in a negative feedback loop controlling body temperature would be 3) A) temperature sensors on the skin that detect a stimulus. B) sweat glands that act like effectors. C) effectors that cause blood vessels to dilate. D) regulatory centers that send commands to an effector. E) sweat glands that increase secretion. Answer: A Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 1

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    4) The muscle known as the diaphragm separates the ________ from the ________. 4) A) pericardial sac; pericardial cavity B) pericardial cavity; pleural cavity C) abdominal cavity; pelvic cavity D) thoracic cavity; abdominopelvic cavity E) pleural cavity; mediastinum Answer: D Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 5) What is able to bind to a receptor? 5) A) water B) any chemical C) the nearest chemical D) the chemical of the proper structure E) carbon dioxide Answer: D Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 6) When homeostatic mechanisms fail, an individual will experience the symptoms of 6) A) positive feedback. B) negative feedback. C) illness or disease. D) homeostasis. Answer: C Explanation: A) B) C) D) 7) A midsagittal section would pass through the 7) A) kidney. B) lung. C) heart. D) leg. E) spleen. Answer: C Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 2

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    8) A cell or organ that responds to commands of the control center in negative feedback is termed a(n) 8) A) effector. B) receptor. C) stimulus. D) thermoregulator. E) control center (integration center). Answer: A Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 9) Eponyms, or commemorative names, were anatomical structures commonly named after 9) A) religious leaders of the time. B) the discoverers. C) tools used in dissection. D) political leaders of the time. E) those that funded the research. Answer: B Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 10) A person lying face down is in the ________ position. 10) A) prone B) anterior C) posterior D) supine E) anatomical Answer: A Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 11) The urinary bladder is found in the ________ quadrant and the ________ quadrant. 11) A) left upper; left lower B) right lower; left lower C) right upper; right lower D) right upper; left lower Answer: B Explanation: A) B) C) D) 3

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    12) In general, the nervous system does each of the following except 12) A) directs long - term responses to change. B) helps to maintain homeostasis. C) responds rapidly to change and directs very specific responses. D) directs very specific responses. E) responds rapidly to change. Answer: A Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 13) Which organ system removes carbon dioxide from the bloodstream? 13) A) respiratory B) lymphatic C) endocrine D) cardiovascular E) digestive Answer: A Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 14) The chin is ________ to the nose. 14) A) superior B) medial C) anterior D) posterior E) inferior Answer: E Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 15) Which of the following regions corresponds to the buttocks? 15) A) gluteal B) pelvic C) thoracic D) cephalic E) lumbar Answer: A Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 4

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    16) Which plane divides the body into right and left parts? 16) A) transverse B) orthogonal C) sagittal D) frontal E) proximal Answer: C Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 17) The right pleural cavity contains the 17) A) left lung. B) heart. C) left lung and right lung. D) right lung. E) trachea. Answer: D Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 18) Which organ system provides support, protection of soft tissue, mineral storage, and blood formation? 18) A) integumentary B) endocrine C) muscular D) nervous E) skeletal Answer: E Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 19) The central principle of physiology is 19) A) reflexes. B) nutrition. C) stimulation. D) homeostasis. E) temperature regulation. Answer: D Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 5

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    20) Much of the early history in anatomy is tied to what country? 20) A) Italy B) Spain C) France D) United States E) England Answer: A Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 21) What type of feedback exaggerates the effects of variations from normal? 21) A) depressing B) elevating C) neutral D) positive E) negative Answer: D Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 22) While standing in the anatomical position, 22) A) front refers to posterior. B) front refers to inferior. C) back refers to dorsal. D) back refers to anterior. E) back refers to superior. Answer: C Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 23) While standing erect, the direction of caudal is 23) A) downward. B) upward. C) medially. D) laterally. E) None of the answers is correct. Answer: A Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 6

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    24) Gas exchange is to the respiratory system as absorption of nutrients is to the ________ system(s). 24) A) urinary B) digestive C) cardiovascular D) lymphatic E) urinary and cardiovascular Answer: B Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 25) The wrist is ________ to the elbow. 25) A) lateral B) medial C) proximal D) horizontal E) distal Answer: E Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 26) The two major divisions of the ventral body cavity are the 26) A) cranial and sacral. B) pelvic and thoracic. C) lateral and medial. D) dorsal and ventral. E) thoracic and abdominopelvic. Answer: E Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 27) If a response increases a disturbance, the system is classified as a ________ feedback system. 27) A) neutral B) deficit C) negative D) positive E) polarized Answer: D Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 7

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    28) Which of the following is arranged in correct order from the most complex to the simplest ? 28) A) tissue, cellular, molecular, organ, system, organism B) organism, system, organ, tissue, cellular, molecular C) cellular, tissue, molecular, system, organ, organism D) organ, organism, molecular, cellular, tissue, system E) molecular, cellular, tissue, organ, system, organism Answer: B Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 29) Which of the following organs is not contained within the abdominal cavity? 29) A) pancreas B) ovary C) spleen D) stomach E) small intestine Answer: B Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 30) The quadrants of the abdominopelvic region include all of the following except the 30) A) right upper quadrant (RUQ). B) pelvic quadrant. C) left upper quadrant (LUQ). D) left lower quadrant (LLQ). E) right lower quadrant (RLQ). Answer: B Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 31) Which organ system transports nutrients, metabolic wastes, gases, and defense cells? 31) A) cardiovascular B) urinary C) respiratory D) digestive E) muscular Answer: A Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 8

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    32) The heart is ________ to the lungs. 32) A) distal B) posterior C) medial D) proximal E) lateral Answer: C Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 33) Which one of the following is not a characteristic of the endocrine system? 33) A) It produces an effect that involves several organs or tissues at the same time. B) It releases chemicals that affect other organs or tissues. C) It produces a more rapid response than the nervous system. D) It is important in regulating organs and tissues. E) It produces effects that last for days or longer. Answer: C Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 34) The common name for the pollex is the 34) A) armpit. B) groin. C) thumb. D) foot. E) hand. Answer: C Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 35) Which of the following is not considered an abdominopelvic region? 35) A) left lumbar B) right inguinal region C) left hypochondriac D) right hypochondriac E) upper right Answer: E Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 9

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    36) To what level of organization does a protein belong? 36) A) organ level B) organ system level C) tissue level D) chemical level E) cellular level Answer: D Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 37) Which of the following is not a characteristic of life? 37) A) excretion B) decomposition C) responsiveness D) growth E) respiration Answer: B Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 38) The common name for the patellar region is the 38) A) neck B) kneecap. C) hand. D) breast. E) ear. Answer: B Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 39) Directing long - term changes in the activities of other organ systems is the major function of the ________ system. 39) A) respiratory B) cardiovascular C) lymphatic D) endocrine E) digestive Answer: D Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 10

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    40) Anatomy is to ________ as physiology is to ________. 40) A) structure; function B) structure; form C) function; form D) growth; form E) form; structure Answer: A Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 41) When body temperature rises, a center in the brain initiates physiological changes to decrease the body temperature. This is an example of 41) A) diagnostic regulation. B) fever. C) positive feedback. D) negative feedback. E) nonhomeostatic regulation. Answer: D Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 42) The maintenance of a constant internal environment in an organism is termed 42) A) effector control. B) negative feedback. C) positive feedback. D) homeostasis. E) integration. Answer: D Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 43) The mediastinum 43) A) contains both the pleural and pericardial cavities. B) contains the pleural cavities. C) separates the pleural cavities. D) separates the pleural cavities, and contains the pericardial cavity. E) contains the pericardial cavity. Answer: D Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 11

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    44) The four major tissue types include each of the following except ________ tissue. 44) A) nervous B) connective C) glandular D) epithelial E) muscular Answer: C Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 45) A chemical imbalance in the blood can cause the heart to stop pumping blood, which in turn will cause other tissues and organs to cease functioning. This observation supports the view that 45) A) chemical molecules make up cells. B) all levels of organization within an organism are interdependent. C) congenital defects can be life - threatening. D) blood has magical properties. E) all organisms are composed of cells. Answer: B Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 46) The integrating center for the negative feedback loop that regulates body temperature is the 46) A) positive feedback center. B) skin. C) temperature receptor. D) thermostat. E) brain. Answer: E Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 47) The liver is primarily located in the ________ quadrant. 47) A) left lower B) right lower C) hepatic D) right upper E) left upper Answer: D Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 12

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    48) A person facing forward with hands at the sides and palms facing forward is in the ________ position. 48) A) sagittal B) prone C) anatomical D) supine E) frontal Answer: C Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 49) Which organ system functions in defense against infection and disease? 49) A) digestive B) lymphatic C) nervous D) cardiovascular E) endocrine Answer: B Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 50) What is the smallest living level of organization? 50) A) chemical level B) tissue level C) cellular level D) organ system level E) organ level Answer: C Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 13

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    51) Because the anatomy and physiology of the body's structures are interrelated, it is often said that "form determines ________." 51) A) biology B) structure C) function D) anatomy E) physiology Answer: C Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 52) The common term for the buccal region is the 52) A) buttock. B) arm. C) cheek. D) foot. E) head. Answer: C Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 53) A person is lying on the bed gazing at the ceiling. She is in the ________ position. 53) A) dorsal B) supine C) anatomical D) prone E) caudal Answer: B Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 54) The serous membrane covering the stomach and most of the intestines is called the 54) A) peritoneum. B) abdomen. C) mediastinum. D) pericardium. E) pleura. Answer: A Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 14

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    55) Which of the following terms refers to the foot? 55) A) cervical B) pedal C) brachial D) femoral E) antebrachial Answer: B Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 56) Protection from environmental hazards is a function of the ________ system. 56) A) endocrine B) skeletal and muscular C) skeletal D) integumentary E) muscular Answer: D Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 57) The common term for the carpal region is the 57) A) wrist. B) leg. C) skull. D) ankle. E) chest. Answer: A Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 58) The ability of an organism to change behaviors, abilities, or structures to survive is called 58) A) responsiveness. B) adaptability. C) excretion. D) respiration. E) circulation. Answer: B Explanation: A) B) C) D) E) 15

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