Wordsmith: A Guide to College Writing, 7th Edition Solution Manual

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Pamela ArlovMiddle Georgia State UniversityWordsmithA Guide to College WritingSeventh EditionAnswer Keyto accompany

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Wordsmith: A Guide to College WritingPage 1CHAPTER 1The Writing ProcessAnswer the following questions to review your knowledge of the writingprocess.1.The five steps in the writing process are __________, _________, ________,________, and ____________.2.The “thinking step” in the writing process is called __________.3.The part of the writing process that involves correcting grammar andpunctuation is called ____________.4.Major changes would most likely be made during the ________ step in thewriting process.5.True or false? The steps in the writing process often overlap.TFExercise 1-1The Writing Processprewritingplanningdraftingrevisingproofreadingprewritingproofreadingrevising

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Wordsmith: A Guide to College WritingPage 2CHAPTER 2Preparing to WriteDo a two-sided brainstorming on one of the following narrowed topics. Whenyou are through, see which side has more supporting statements. Are you sur-prised, as Tamika was in her two-sided brainstorming?Answers will vary.1.Using credit cards is dangerous to a person’s financial health.2.Good manners are still necessary in the modern world.3.Public video surveillance is a protection rather than a violation of citizens’privacy.4.If two adults are in love, large differences in their ages do not matter.Exercise 2-1BrainstormingFreewrite on one of the following topics; then see if you have a focus for a pos-sible essay.Answers will vary.Exercise 2-2Freewriting1.dogs2.friendship3.music4.foodDo a focused freewriting on one of the following topics.Answers will vary.1.What kinds of risks are good to take?2.Why are people superstitious?3.What kinds of music do you enjoy?4.Is family more or less important than it was in your grandparents’ day?Exercise 2-3Focused Freewriting

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Wordsmith: A Guide to College WritingPage 3If you have access to a computer, do an invisible writing on one of the followingtopics. Then see if you have a focus for an essay.Answers will vary.Exercise 2-4Invisible Writing1.transportation2.competition3.newspapers4.litteringDo a cluster diagram on one of the following topics.Answers will vary.Exercise 2-5Clustering1.fitness2.goal setting3.automobiles4.bad habitsChoose one of your practice prewritings and make an outline for a paragraphor essay.Answers will vary.Exercise 2-6OutliningWrite a journal entry on one or more of the following topics.Answers will vary.Exercise 2-7Journal Writing

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Wordsmith: A Guide to College WritingPage 4CHAPTER 3Building a Framework:Thesis and OrganizationIn each group of thesis statements, circle the letter of the thesis with the strongestparallel structure.1.a.A dog is an ideal animal companion for me because dogs are protective,suit my active lifestyle, and a dog can be trained.b.A dog is an ideal animal companion for me because a dog will protectme, join me in outdoor activities, and respond to training.c.A dog is an ideal animal companion for me because a dog will protectme, join me in outdoor activities, and trained easily.2.a.Looking at a Google Maps photo of my childhood home, I see that it issmaller, neater, and prettier than I remember.b.Looking at a Google Maps photo of my childhood home, I see that it ismuch smaller than I remember, the porch and yard are neater, and thepaint and roof have been changed and the front yard landscaped.c.Looking at a Google Maps photo of my childhood home, I see that it isreally small, has been taken care of, and pretty.3.a.Text messaging is perfect for short messages because it is quiet, unlikecalling on a cell phone, and it is quick and does not interrupt the personbeing called.b.Text messaging is perfect for short messages because in some places,like movie theaters, it’s rude to talk aloud; it is fast, and less distractingthan a phone call.c.Text messaging is perfect for short messages because it is quieter, faster,and less distracting than a phone call.Exercise 3-1Parallel Structure in Thesis Statements

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Wordsmith: A Guide to College WritingPage 5Complete the following thesis statements, making sure to list the points in paral-lel structure.Answers will vary; sample answers are provided.1.The convenient parking, the _______________, and the ______________________________ are advantages of shopping in a mall.2.Classmates who talk in class, _______________, and ______________________________ are disruptive influences.3._______________, _______________, and _______________ are the mainingredients for a party.4.Any employer would be fortunate to hire me. I would bring enthusiasm,_______________, and _______________ to my job.5.I would like living in a small town. Small towns are _______________,_______________, and _______________.Exercise 3-2Completing Thesis Statementsvariety of storesenclosedenvironmentarrive latemake noise duringtestsFoodmusicfriendsdependabilityexperiencequietfriendlyfamily orientedWrite a thesis listing points on three of the following topics. Include one thesiswith points listed first, at least one with points listed last, and at least one withpoints listed separately. Remember to use parallel structure.Answers will vary;sample answers are provided.1.What are the keys to maintaining good health?Regular exercise, proper nutrition, and adequate rest are the keys to maintaininggood health2.If you could possess any one talent or ability, what would you choose? Why?I wish I had a talent for singing. I would love to be able to express myself musically,entertain my friends and family, and start a new career.3.Is a cell phone a necessity of modern life?Communication, navigation, and information are just a few of the reasons a cell phoneis necessary to modern life.Exercise 3-3Writing a Thesis Statement Listing Points

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Wordsmith: A Guide to College WritingPage 64.Do you prefer working alone or in a group?I enjoy working in groups because I like to exchange ideas, socialize with fellow work-ers, and share difficult tasks.5.Do you enjoy being outdoors? Why or why not?Insects, allergies, and hot, muggy weather keep me indoors during the summermonths.Write a thesis that does not list points on three of the following topics.Answerswill vary; sample answers are provided.1.Is it better to take risks or to play it safe?Taking risks for the right reasons is better than playing it safe.2.Some are promoting the day after Thanksgiving, traditionally a big day forretailers, as “Buy Nothing Day,” a day of awareness about holiday over-spending. Would you participate in “Buy Nothing Day”?For several reasons, I will spend “Buy Nothing Day” shopping on the Internet.3.If someone offered you $10,000 under the condition that you spend it onlyon things (such as clothes, vehicles, or jewelry) or only on experiences (suchas concerts, trips, or plays), which would you choose?If I had $10,000 to spend on things or experiences, I would choose to spend it onexperiences.4.If you were building a house and had enough in your budget for just oneporch, would you choose to build a front porch or a back porch? Why?If I had to choose between a front porch and a back porch for my house, I would builda back porch.5.Is it better to grow up in a small family or in a large family? Why?Though there can be just as much love in a small family as in a large one, I am still gladthat I grew up in a large family.Exercise 3-4Writing a Thesis Statement without Points Listed

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Wordsmith: A Guide to College WritingPage 7Each of the following thesis statements contains one point that overlaps withanother point. Cross out that point, and write in one that does not overlap withany other point.Answers will vary; sample answers are provided.1.Although I enjoy my job, I sometimes tire of the long hours, the stress, andpressure.the low pay2.Our college’s snack bar is a place to meet friends, a place to study, and aplace to gather.a place to eat3.Trustworthiness, honesty, and a sense of humor are qualities I look for in afriend.intelligence4.I broke off my engagement because I needed to finish college before marry-ing, I wanted my freedom, and I was not ready for a long-termcommitment.my parents believed I was too young5.Internships help students gain experience in their field, learn outside a class-room environment, and work in their future career.meet professionals who can mentor them.Exercise 3-5Eliminating OverlapEach of the following thesis statements contains one point that is too broad.Cross out that point, and write in a point that can be developed within oneparagraph.Answers will vary; sample answers are provided.1.Spending a year or two on a job before going to college can provide a studentwith the opportunity to earn money for a college education, to see what thereal world is like, and to learn responsible work habits.to decide on a major2.I like Ms. Brennan, my supervisor, because of her fairness, her sense ofhumor, and her good qualities.her compassionExercise 3-6Eliminating Points That Are Too Broad

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Wordsmith: A Guide to College WritingPage 83.For me, the ideal job provides on-site child care, up-to-date equipment, andgreat working conditions.good health insurance4.Cats make good pets because they are quiet, independent, and have the rightqualities.funny5.I dislike driving at night because of my poor night vision, fear of somethinghappening to me, and the possibility of a breakdown.fear of accidentsEach of the following thesis statements contains one point that is too narrow.Cross out that point, and write in a point that is large enough to develop withina paragraph.Answers will vary; sample answers are provided.1.Growing up with three sisters has taught me to stand up for myself, to sharemy hair dryer, and to cherish my family ties.to share2.I enjoy my job at First National Bank because the working conditions arepleasant, I make $12.80 per hour, and my coworkers are helpful.the salary and benefits are competitive3.The latest safety devices, a medium blue color, and reliability are the featuresI look for in a car.an attractive appearance4.My dog is playful, protective, and named Butch.loving5.We enjoyed the lake because of its eighty-degree water temperature, its long,sandy beach, and its abundant plant and animal life.sparkling waterExercise 3-7Eliminating Points That Are Too Narrow

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Wordsmith: A Guide to College WritingPage 9Develop a thesis statement and topic sentences on two of the following fourtopics. Use emphatic order for one of your chosen topics and reverse emphaticorder for the other.Answers will vary.1.Why are people afraid of aging?2.What do you hope to accomplish within the next five years?3.What skills—academic or nonacademic—should everyone have?4.People usually regard anger as destructive and unproductive. Is anger everuseful?Your AnswersEmphatic OrderThesis ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Topic sentence 1 (least important idea) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________Topic sentence 2 (second most important idea) _____________________________________________________________________________________________Topic sentence 3 (most important idea) ___________________________________________________________________________________________________Reverse Emphatic OrderThesis _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Topic sentence 1 (most important idea) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________Topic sentence 2 (second most important idea) _____________________________________________________________________________________________Topic sentence 3 (least important idea) _________________________________Exercise 3-8Using Emphatic Order

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Wordsmith: A Guide to College WritingPage 10Develop a thesis and topic sentences for one of the following topics. Determinewhich point is the weakest, and sandwich it in the middle of your thesis. Beprepared to explain the logic you used to your instructor and classmates.Answerswill vary.1.Do you think you were ready for college? Why or why not?2.What can you tell about a person from the way he or she dresses?3.Who is your role model and what do you admire most about that person?Your AnswerThesis ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Topic sentence 1 (strong point) ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________Topic sentence 2 (weak point) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________Topic sentence 3 (strong point) ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________Exercise 3-9Using Sandwich OrderUsing chronological order, develop a thesis and three topic sentences for one ofthe following topics.Answers will vary.1.Write about your worst date. What went wrong?2.When you get off from work or out of school, what do you do to unwind?3.What went into your decision to attend the college you now attend?Exercise 3-10Using Chronological Order

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Wordsmith: A Guide to College WritingPage 11Your AnswerThesis ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Topic sentence 1 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Topic sentence 2 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Topic sentence 3 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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Wordsmith: A Guide to College WritingPage 12CHAPTER 4Introducing the EssayArrange the following numbered sentences into a broad-to-narrow introduction,ending with the thesis.1.Among the skillet meals, boxed dinners, and canned cuisine, one conveniencefood stands out.2.Manufacturers have developed a variety of convenience foods for people whodo not have the time or the desire to cook.3.Microwaveable frozen meals offer superior variety, nutrition, and ease ofpreparation.4.Most people enjoy eating, but not everyone enjoys cooking.The sentences should be arranged in the following order: ________________,________________, ________________, ________________.Exercise 4-1A Broad-to-Narrow Introduction4213Arrange the following numbered sentences so that they form a narrow-to-broadintroduction, ending with the thesis.1.Adopting a shelter animal is good for the animal, good for the owner, andgood for the community.2.The shelter worker told me that this particular cat had been at the shelterlonger than any of the others.3.I picked up a gray cat and scratched under her chin as she purred.4.I decided then and there that I would give Maggie May a home.The sentences should be arranged in the following order: ____________,____________, ____________, ____________.Exercise 4-2A Narrow-to-Broad Introduction3241

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Wordsmith: A Guide to College WritingPage 13Choosing from the list of quotations below, follow the directions for each num-bered part of the exercise.Answers will vary; samples answers are provided.QuotationsThe only way to have a friend is to be one.—Ralph Waldo Emerson,Essays, First Series: FriendshipThe real problem is not whether machines think but whether men do.—B. F. Skinner,Contingencies of ReinforcementIn spite of everything, I still believe that people are really good at heart.—Anne Frank,The Diary of a Young GirlEveryone is a moon and has a dark side which he never shows to anybody.—Mark Twain,Following the Equator,Vol. 1Wisdom is not bought.—African proverbI never cut class. I loved getting A’s. I liked being smart. I liked being ontime. I thought, “Being smart is cooler than anything in the world.”—Michelle Obama, remarks at Elizabeth Garrett Anderson School, London,April 2, 2009Beware of all enterprises that require new clothes.—Henry David Thoreau,Walden1.Write an opening sentence using an exact quotation and the author’s name.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.Write an opening sentence using an exact quotation but pretending you donot know the author’s name.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.Write an opening sentence paraphrasing one of the quotations and again pre-tending you do not know the author’s name.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________B. F. Skinner wrote, “The real problem is not whether machines think but whethermen do.”Someone once said, “The only way to have a friend is to be one.”Someone once wrote that people should be wary of any situation that requires newclothes.Exercise 4-3Opening with a Quotation

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Wordsmith: A Guide to College WritingPage 144.Write a transitional sentence connecting the quotation to the thesis in the fol-lowing introduction.“The brain is like a muscle,” Carl Sagan said. “When we use it, we feel good.”(Transitional sentence) __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________My experiences in a college classroom have made me more self-reliant, morecertain of my abilities, and less fearful of being wrong.5.Write an introduction that opens with a quotation and leads with a transitionalsentence into one of the following thesis statements (or one of your own).a.Buying clothing is frustrating, time-consuming, and expensive.b.Every first-year student needs to know how to form new relationshipsduring the first term at a new college.c.The aspects of my personality that I like least are my impatience, mystubbornness, and my tendency to procrastinate.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Sagan’s statement is certainly true in my case.Mark Twain wrote, “Everyone is a moon and has a dark side which he never shows toanybody.” While I try to be sunny most of the time, I do have a dark side. The aspects ofmy personality that I like least are my impatience, my stubbornness, and my tendencyto procrastinate.Read the following anecdotal introduction; then answer the questions thatfollow.1Last night, my sister Hannah picked at her dinner, eating only hersalad and her green beans.2Before bed, she exercised, then stood at themirror critically eyeing her waist, which is approximately the same size asher hips.3When I asked her what she was doing, she said she was too fatand had to lose weight.4Hannah is only nine years old, but she is already inpursuit of a goal that is impossible and unhealthy.5The modern obsessionwith having a reed-thin body is encouraged by the fashion industry, themedia, and even the manufacturers of food.1.How many sentences does the anecdote contain? ________________2.Which sentence contains the transition to the thesis? ________________3Sentence 4Exercise 4-4An Anecdotal Introduction

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