Psychology Applied To Modern Life: Adjustment In The 21st Century , 11th Edition Test Bank

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1. The paradox of progress in the textbook refers to the idea thata. for every step forward, we take two steps back.b. despite unparalleled advances in technology, we seem to have more social and personal difficulties.c. our biggest problems now involve making technology work properly.d. technology has prolonged life for many people, causing environmental problems.ANSWER:bDIFFICULTY:EasyREFERENCES:The Paradox of ProgressLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.01 - Describe three examples of the paradox of progress.KEYWORDS:FactualNOTES:NewQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-ECTO2.In spite of countless timesaving devices—automobiles, telephones, photocopiers, fax machines, and so on—most ofus complain about a relative lack ofa. time.b. money.c. information.d. work.ANSWER:aDIFFICULTY:EasyREFERENCES:The Paradox of ProgressLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.01 - Describe three examples of the paradox of progress.KEYWORDS:ConceptualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-ECTZ3. Modern Western society has made extraordinary technological progressa. and, therefore, has seen decreases in social problems.b. but social and personal problems seem more prevalent and more prominent than ever before.c. and, therefore, has seen a boom in time spent engaging in leisure activities.d. but social and personal problems are just as prevalent as they were in the past.ANSWER:bDIFFICULTY:ModerateREFERENCES:The Paradox of ProgressLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.01 - Describe three examples of the paradox of progress.KEYWORDS:FactualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-ECTS

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4. According to Schwartz, increased freedom of choice available in modern societiesa. has resulted in improved mental health.b. has enhanced tranquility.c. has led to fewer postdecision regrets.d. has contributed to depression and anxiety.ANSWER:dDIFFICULTY:ModerateREFERENCES:The Paradox of ProgressLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.01 - Describe three examples of the paradox of progress.KEYWORDS:FactualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-ECTI5. Technology has enabled humankind to exercise unprecedented control over many aspects of the physical world butat the same time has also created seriousa. environmental problems.b. microscopic defects.c. medical costs.d. underconsumption.ANSWER:aDIFFICULTY:ModerateREFERENCES:The Paradox of ProgressLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.01 - Describe three examples of the paradox of progress.KEYWORDS:FactualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-ECTW6.“Psychobabble” is best defined asa. professional psychological terminology.b. textbook definitions.c. ill-defined terminology.d. technical terminology.ANSWER:cDIFFICULTY:EasyREFERENCES:The Search for DirectionLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.04 - Describe some common problems with self-help books andwhat to look for in quality self-help books.KEYWORDS:FactualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EC4R

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7. Which of the following should you look for in self-help books?a. Clarity in communicationb. Focus on a particular kind of problemc. Some mention of the theoretical or research basis for the adviced. All of the aboveANSWER:dDIFFICULTY:EasyREFERENCES:The Search for DirectionLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.04 - Describe some common problems with self-help books andwhat to look for in quality self-help books.KEYWORDS:ConceptualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EC3T8. You can reasonably expect some assistance from a book that is intended to help you toa. lose 20 pounds every month.b. learn to eat more healthily and gradually include more exercise in your weekly routine.c. build muscle overnight.d. find the thin person trapped inside of you.ANSWER:bDIFFICULTY:DifficultREFERENCES:The Search for DirectionLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.04 - Describe some common problems with self-help books andwhat to look for in quality self-help books.KEYWORDS:ConceptualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EC3O9. This text assumes the key to effective adjustment is toa. take charge of your own life.b. meet problems head-on.c. take an active role in improving the quality of your life.d. all of the above.ANSWER:dDIFFICULTY:ModerateREFERENCES:The Search for DirectionLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.05 - Summarize the philosophy underlying this textbook.KEYWORDS:FactualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EC3Z

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10. Which of the following is NOT one of the underlying assumptions of this textbook?a. You can change your behavior only by consulting a professional psychologist.b. The key to effective adjustment is to take charge of your own life.c. Critical thinking involves skeptical scrutiny.d. Knowledge of psychological principles may be of value in everyday life.ANSWER:aDIFFICULTY:ModerateREFERENCES:The Search for DirectionLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.05 - Summarize the philosophy underlying this textbook.KEYWORDS:ConceptualNOTES:NewQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EC3S11. Which of the following is the best definition of psychology?a. The study of consciousnessb. The study of behavior and the profession that applies knowledge from these studies to solving practicalproblemsc. The study of abnormal behavior and the profession that applies knowledge from these studies to diagnosingand treating people with mental illnessd. The study of motivation, emotion, and memoryANSWER:bDIFFICULTY:ModerateREFERENCES:The Psychology of AdjustmentLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.06 - Describe the two key facets of psychology.KEYWORDS:FactualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EC3W12.“Any overt response or activity by an organism” defines the terma. behavior.b. empiricism.c. psychology.d. mental process.ANSWER:aDIFFICULTY:EasyREFERENCES:The Psychology of AdjustmentLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.06 - Describe the two key facets of psychology.KEYWORDS:FactualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-ECNB

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13. Until the 1950s, psychologists were found almost exclusively ina. private industry.b. academic institutions.c. mental health facilities.d. the psychiatric wards of hospitals.ANSWER:bDIFFICULTY:DifficultREFERENCES:The Psychology of AdjustmentLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.06 - Describe the two key facets of psychology.KEYWORDS:FactualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-ECBA14. Clinical psychology is primarily concerned witha. discovering the mechanisms of learning.b. the physiological processes involved in behavior.c. research dealing with the structure of consciousness.d. the diagnosis and treatment of psychological problems.ANSWER:dDIFFICULTY:EasyREFERENCES:The Psychology of AdjustmentLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.06 - Describe the two key facets of psychology.KEYWORDS:FactualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-ECNG15. The rapid growth of clinical psychology was stimulated mainly bya. the demands of World War II.b. the growing interest in self-help approaches.c. the inability of physicians to cure most psychological disorders.d. psychological problems resulting from the Great Depression of the 1930s.ANSWER:aDIFFICULTY:ModerateREFERENCES:The Psychology of AdjustmentLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.06 - Describe the two key facets of psychology.KEYWORDS:FactualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-ECNF

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16. The term __________ refers to the psychological processes through which people manage or cope with thedemands and challenges of everyday life.a. adaptationb. adjustmentc. personalityd. mental healthANSWER:bDIFFICULTY:EasyREFERENCES:The Psychology of AdjustmentLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.07 - Explain the concept of adjustment.KEYWORDS:FactualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-ECNR17. The process of adjustment relates toa. how people deal with stress.b. behavior in groups.c. friendship and love.d. all of the above.ANSWER:dDIFFICULTY:ModerateREFERENCES:The Psychology of AdjustmentLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.07 - Explain the concept of adjustment.KEYWORDS:FactualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-ECND18. ______________ is the premise that knowledge should be acquired through observation.a. Self-helpb. Codependencec. Empiricismd. SubjectivismANSWER:cDIFFICULTY:EasyREFERENCES:The Scientific Approach to BehaviorLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.08 - Explain the nature of empiricism and the advantages of thescientific approach to behavior.KEYWORDS:FactualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-ECBU19. Which of the following is the basis of empiricism?a. Correlationb. Logicc. Systematic observationd. Common senseANSWER:cDIFFICULTY:EasyREFERENCES:The Scientific Approach to BehaviorLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.08 - Explain the nature of empiricism and the advantages of thescientific approach to behavior.KEYWORDS:ConceptualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-ECBT

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20. Compared to other methods of drawing conclusions about behavior, the major advantages of the scientific approacharea. emphasis on empiricism; subjectivity.b. bias; ability to generalize the findings.c. clarity and precision; relative intolerance of error.d. freedom to make value judgments; use of statistics.ANSWER:cDIFFICULTY:ModerateREFERENCES:The Scientific Approach to BehaviorLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.08 - Explain the nature of empiricism and the advantages of thescientific approach to behavior.KEYWORDS:FactualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-ECBO21. According to your text, the two main types of research methods in psychology are ______ research methods and______ research methods.a. biased; unbiasedb. experimental; controlc. dependent; independentd. experimental; correlationalANSWER:dDIFFICULTY:EasyREFERENCES:The Scientific Approach to BehaviorLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.08 - Explain the nature of empiricism and the advantages of thescientific approach to behavior.KEYWORDS:FactualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-ECBZ22. An experiment is a research method in which the investigator manipulates the ______variable and observeswhether any changes occur in a(n) ______ variable as a result.a. control; experimentalb. experimental; controlc. independent; dependentd. dependent; independentANSWER:cDIFFICULTY:ModerateREFERENCES:The Scientific Approach to BehaviorLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.09 - Describe the experimental method, distinguishing betweenindependent and dependent variables and between experimental and control groups.KEYWORDS:FactualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-ECBS

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23. Social psychologist Stanley Schachter hypothesized that increases in anxiety would cause increases in desire to bewith others. In this study, the independent variable wasa. level of anxiety.b. desire to be with others.c. anxious subjects.d. affiliation.ANSWER:aDIFFICULTY:ModerateREFERENCES:The Scientific Approach to BehaviorLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.09 - Describe the experimental method, distinguishing betweenindependent and dependent variables and between experimental and control groups.KEYWORDS:FactualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-ECBI24. A condition or event that an experimenter varies to see its impact on another variable is called a(n) ______variable.a. controlb. dependentc. independentd. experimentalANSWER:cDIFFICULTY:ModerateREFERENCES:The Scientific Approach to BehaviorLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.09 - Describe the experimental method, distinguishing betweenindependent and dependent variables and between experimental and control groups.KEYWORDS:FactualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-ECBW25. A researcher wants to determine whether diet causes children to learn better in school. In this study, theindependent variable isa. the children.b. the type of diet.c. the age of the children.d. a measure of learning.ANSWER:bDIFFICULTY:ModerateREFERENCES:The Scientific Approach to BehaviorLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.09 - Describe the experimental method, distinguishing betweenindependent and dependent variables and between experimental and control groups.KEYWORDS:ConceptualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-ECKB

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26. An experimental group consists of subjects whoa. are unaware of the purpose of the study.b. merely act as if they are unaware of the purpose.c. receive some special treatment in regard to the dependent variable.d. receive some special treatment in regard to the independent variable.ANSWER:dDIFFICULTY:EasyREFERENCES:The Scientific Approach to BehaviorLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.09 - Describe the experimental method, distinguishing betweenindependent and dependent variables and between experimental and control groups.KEYWORDS:FactualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-ECJA27. A control group consists of subjects whoa. are controlled by the experimenter.b. are allowed to control the manipulation of the variables.c. do not receive the special treatment given to the experimental group.d. receive some special treatment in regard to the independent variable.ANSWER:cDIFFICULTY:EasyREFERENCES:The Scientific Approach to BehaviorLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.09 - Describe the experimental method, distinguishing betweenindependent and dependent variables and between experimental and control groups.KEYWORDS:FactualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-ECKG28. The experimental and control groups should be the same in every respect except for thea. number of subjects in each group.b. variation created by the manipulation of the independent variable.c. assumptions underlying the research question.d. method of measuring the dependent variable.ANSWER:bDIFFICULTY:ModerateREFERENCES:The Scientific Approach to BehaviorLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.09 - Describe the experimental method, distinguishing betweenindependent and dependent variables and between experimental and control groups.KEYWORDS:FactualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-ECKF

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29. Dr. Prather randomly assigns 100 student volunteers who experience test anxiety to either a group that will receivetraining in relaxation exercises or a group that will sit in a waiting area for the same length of time as those learningrelaxation. Based on her results, Dr. Prather will have evidence ofa. how well relaxation exercises works in the treatment of various mood disorders.b. how students with test anxiety behave in a classroom setting.c. how effective the waiting time is.d. whether or not relaxation exercises may cause an alleviation of symptoms of test anxiety.ANSWER:dDIFFICULTY:DifficultREFERENCES:The Scientific Approach to BehaviorLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.09 - Describe the experimental method, distinguishing betweenindependent and dependent variables and between experimental and control groups.KEYWORDS:ConceptualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-ECJ130. Which of the following best describes correlational research?a. Exerting experimental controlb. Manipulating an independent variablec. Manipulating a dependent variabled. Making systematic observationsANSWER:dDIFFICULTY:ModerateREFERENCES:The Scientific Approach to BehaviorLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.10 - Distinguish between positive and negative correlation, andexplain what the size of a correlation coefficient means.KEYWORDS:ConceptualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-ECJT31. A correlation exists whena. two variables are related to each other.b. two variables have the same underlying cause.c. two variables are affected by a third variable.d. a cause-and-effect relationship exists between two variables.ANSWER:aDIFFICULTY:EasyREFERENCES:The Scientific Approach to BehaviorLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.10 - Distinguish between positive and negative correlation, andexplain what the size of a correlation coefficient means.KEYWORDS:FactualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-ECJO

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32. A(n) ___________ is a numerical index of the degree of relationship between two variables.a. independent variableb. correlation coefficientc. survey coefficientd. experimental coefficientANSWER:bDIFFICULTY:EasyREFERENCES:The Scientific Approach to BehaviorLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.10 - Distinguish between positive and negative correlation, andexplain what the size of a correlation coefficient means.KEYWORDS:FactualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-ECJZ33. A correlation coefficient indicates the __________ and the ___________ of the relationship between twovariables.a. cause; effectb. control; manipulationc. strength; directiond. positive; negativeANSWER:cDIFFICULTY:DifficultREFERENCES:The Scientific Approach to BehaviorLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.10 - Distinguish between positive and negative correlation, andexplain what the size of a correlation coefficient means.KEYWORDS:FactualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-ECJS34. A positive correlation coefficient indicates the two variables covary in the __________, and a negative coefficientindicates that the variables covary ____________.a. same direction; in the opposite directionb. opposite direction; directlyc. same direction; directlyd. opposite direction; in the same directionANSWER:aDIFFICULTY:DifficultREFERENCES:The Scientific Approach to BehaviorLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.10 - Distinguish between positive and negative correlation, andexplain what the size of a correlation coefficient means.KEYWORDS:FactualNOTES:NewQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-ECJW

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35. Mario found a +0.80 correlation coefficient between height and diet. He was able to conclude thata. a particular diet causes people to grow.b. people who are taller eat more.c. there is a strong relationship between height and diet.d. people should be careful what they feed their children because it could stunt their growth.ANSWER:cDIFFICULTY:ModerateREFERENCES:The Scientific Approach to BehaviorLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.10 - Distinguish between positive and negative correlation, andexplain what the size of a correlation coefficient means.KEYWORDS:ConceptualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EP1N36.The textbook author writes “...people who perform poorly in high school tend to perform poorly in college” as anexample of a(n)a.positive correlation.b.negative correlation.c.inverse correlation.d.indirect correlation.ANSWER:aDIFFICULTY:ModerateREFERENCES:The Scientific Approach to BehaviorLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.10 - Distinguish between positive and negative correlation, andexplain what the size of a correlation coefficient means.KEYWORDS:ConceptualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EP1B37. A correlation coefficient of -0.80 indicates aa. mild, inverse correlation.b. strong, inverse correlation.c. strong, direct correlation.d. nonexistent correlation.ANSWER:bDIFFICULTY:ModerateREFERENCES:The Scientific Approach to BehaviorLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.10 - Distinguish between positive and negative correlation, andexplain what the size of a correlation coefficient means.KEYWORDS:FactualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EPT3

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38. Which of the following correlation coefficients indicates the strongest relationship between two variables?a. -0.36b. -0.97c. +0.75d. +0.15ANSWER:bDIFFICULTY:ModerateREFERENCES:The Scientific Approach to BehaviorLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.10 - Distinguish between positive and negative correlation, andexplain what the size of a correlation coefficient means.KEYWORDS:ConceptualNOTES:NewQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EPTA39. When temperatures rise during summer in the desert, the amount of outdoor activities declines. This relationship isan example ofa. a positive correlation.b. a negative correlation.c. cause and effect.d. an experiment.ANSWER:bDIFFICULTY:ModerateREFERENCES:The Scientific Approach to BehaviorLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.10 - Distinguish between positive and negative correlation, andexplain what the size of a correlation coefficient means.KEYWORDS:ConceptualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EP1G40. A teacher takes notes while watching students on the playground to see if differences in play behavior areassociated with discipline problems in class. The teacher is using which of the following research methods?a. Surveyb. Case studyc. Experimentationd. Naturalistic observationANSWER:dDIFFICULTY:ModerateREFERENCES:The Scientific Approach to BehaviorLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.11 - Describe three correlational research methods.KEYWORDS:ConceptualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EP1R

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41. In a case study,a. an individual participant is studied in depth.b. systematic observation is used to see if a link exists between variables.c. behavior is carefully observed without intervening directly with subjects.d. a variable is manipulated while another variable is observed for changes.ANSWER:aDIFFICULTY:EasyREFERENCES:The Scientific Approach to BehaviorLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.11 - Describe three correlational research methods.KEYWORDS:ConceptualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EP1D42. Case studiesa. provide strong bases for developing laws of behavior.b. can provide general conclusions through consistencies between cases.c. are of little use when treating and diagnosing psychological problems.d. all of the above.ANSWER:bDIFFICULTY:ModerateREFERENCES:The Scientific Approach to BehaviorLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.11 - Describe three correlational research methods.KEYWORDS:FactualNOTES:NewQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EPTU43. A researcher gives you a questionnaire to fill out about your attitudes on abortion, school prayer, and druglegalization. This researcher is using which of the following research methods?a. Experimentalb. Case studyc. Surveyd. Naturalistic observationANSWER:cDIFFICULTY:EasyREFERENCES:The Scientific Approach to BehaviorLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.11 - Describe three correlational research methods.KEYWORDS:ConceptualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EPT1

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44.The “third variable” problem is associated with thea. experimental method.b. correlational method.c. multivariate model.d. placebo effect.ANSWER:bDIFFICULTY:ModerateREFERENCES:The Scientific Approach to BehaviorLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.12 - Compare the advantages and disadvantages of experimentaland control groups.KEYWORDS:FactualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EPTS45. Empirical surveys consistently find that the vast majority of respondents characterize themselves asa. fairly happy.b. very unhappy.c. moderately unhappy.d. unconcerned about their personal happiness.ANSWER:aDIFFICULTY:EasyREFERENCES:The Roots of Happiness: An Empirical AnalysisLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.13 - Identify the various factors that are surprisingly unrelated tohappiness.KEYWORDS:FactualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EPTI46.Research results suggest that which of the following is NOT very important in determining one’s happiness?a. Parenthoodb. Agec. Moneyd. None of the above is very importantANSWER:dDIFFICULTY:EasyREFERENCES:The Roots of Happiness: An Empirical AnalysisLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.13 - Identify the various factors that are surprisingly unrelated tohappiness.KEYWORDS:FactualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EPTW

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47. Which of the following best characterizes the correlation between attractiveness and subjective feelings ofhappiness?a. Negligibleb. Negative, but weakc. Positive, but weakd. Positive and strongANSWER:aDIFFICULTY:EasyREFERENCES:The Roots of Happiness: An Empirical AnalysisLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.13 - Identify the various factors that are surprisingly unrelated tohappiness.KEYWORDS:FactualNOTES:NewQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EP4N48. Research indicates thata. people with high IQs are happier than people with low IQs.b. people with low IQs are happier than people with high IQs.c. there is no association between IQ and happiness.d. people with really high IQs and really low IQs are not as happy as people with average IQs.ANSWER:cDIFFICULTY:ModerateREFERENCES:The Roots of Happiness: An Empirical AnalysisLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.13 - Identify the various factors that are surprisingly unrelated tohappiness.KEYWORDS:FactualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EP4B49. Research indicates that people who have heartfelt religious convictions area. more likely to be happy than people who are non-religious.b. less happy than people who are non-religious.c. neither more nor less happy than people who are non-religious.d. less happy than people who are non-religious because they have less community support.ANSWER:aDIFFICULTY:ModerateREFERENCES:The Roots of Happiness: An Empirical AnalysisLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.14 - Describe the factors that are somewhat or very important tohappiness.KEYWORDS:FactualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EP33

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50. Which of the following is the best description of the relationship between health and happiness?a. Good health may not, by itself, produce happiness, because people tend to take good health for granted.b. Good health is one of the best predictors of happiness.c. Individuals who develop serious health problems have difficulty adjusting and therefore are less happy thanthose who are healthy.d. People born with serious health problems are happier than others because they do not take their health forgranted.ANSWER:aDIFFICULTY:ModerateREFERENCES:The Roots of Happiness: An Empirical AnalysisLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.14 - Describe the factors that are somewhat or very important tohappiness.KEYWORDS:FactualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EP3A51. All of the following appear to have a moderate impact on subjective feelings of well-being EXCEPTa. health.b. physical attractiveness.c. religious belief.d. social activity.ANSWER:bDIFFICULTY:EasyREFERENCES:The Roots of Happiness: An Empirical AnalysisLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.14 - Describe the factors that are somewhat or very important tohappiness.KEYWORDS:FactualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EP4G52. Which of the following is very important to overall happiness?a. Cultureb. Marriagec. Incomed. Physical attractivenessANSWER:bDIFFICULTY:ModerateREFERENCES:The Roots of Happiness: An Empirical AnalysisLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.14 - Describe the factors that are somewhat or very important tohappiness.KEYWORDS:FactualNOTES:NewQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EP4F

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53. Research indicates thata. married men are happier than married women.b. married women are happier than married men.c. both married men and women are happier than single or divorced men and women.d. both single and divorced men and women are happier than married men and women.ANSWER:cDIFFICULTY:EasyREFERENCES:The Roots of Happiness: An Empirical AnalysisLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.14 - Describe the factors that are somewhat or very important tohappiness.KEYWORDS:FactualNOTES:NewQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EP4R54. The authors suggest that we should be careful about drawing conclusions about causes of happiness because theya. would not be based on empirical evidence.b. would be based on experimental data.c. would be based on correlational data.d. have been found to be invalid by some researchers.ANSWER:cDIFFICULTY:EasyREFERENCES:The Roots of Happiness: An Empirical AnalysisLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.15 - Summarize conclusions about the determinants of happiness.KEYWORDS:FactualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EP4D55. An important insight that can be drawn from the research on happiness is thata. money can buy happiness.b. attractive people are generally happy people.c. objective realities are not as important as subjective feelings.d. collectivist cultures are happier than individualistic cultures.ANSWER:cDIFFICULTY:ModerateREFERENCES:The Roots of Happiness: An Empirical AnalysisLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.15 - Summarize conclusions about the determinants of happiness.KEYWORDS:ConceptualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EP3U

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56. ______________ occurs when people shift their own mental scale for judging pleasantness and unpleasantness.a. Codependencyb. Empiricismc. Subjectivismd. Hedonic adaptationANSWER:dDIFFICULTY:DifficultREFERENCES:The Roots of Happiness: An Empirical AnalysisLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.15 - Summarize conclusions about the determinants of happiness.KEYWORDS:FactualNOTES:NewQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EP3157. A good place to study is onea. where you can listen to music while studying.b. that changes occasionally, to provide variety.c. that is associated with pleasant activities, like eating.d. that minimizes demands on your willpower to avoid distractions.ANSWER:dDIFFICULTY:EasyREFERENCES:APPLICATION: Improving Academic PerformanceLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.16 - List three steps for developing sound study habits.KEYWORDS:ConceptualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EP3O58. In setting up a schedule for studying, you shoulda. allow time for study breaks.b. develop a new set of priorities each day.c. try to get the simple, routine tasks out of the way first.d. avoid the temptation to break up major assignments into smaller parts.ANSWER:aDIFFICULTY:EasyREFERENCES:APPLICATION: Improving Academic PerformanceLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.16 - List three steps for developing sound study habits.KEYWORDS:ConceptualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EP3S

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59. In order for your reading to be effective, it must be donea. with a lot of highlighting.b. by active processing.c. by ignoring the chapter outline.d. by skipping over the textbook learning aids.ANSWER:bDIFFICULTY:EasyREFERENCES:APPLICATION: Improving Academic PerformanceLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.17 - Discuss some strategies for improved readingcomprehension and getting more out of lectures.KEYWORDS:FactualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EP3I60. Which of the following is NOT involved in improving your reading?a. Read the chapter straight through repeatedly.b. Consult the chapter outline or summary.c. Look over the topic headings in a chapter.d. Highlight the main ideas and technical terms.ANSWER:aDIFFICULTY:ModerateREFERENCES:APPLICATION: Improving Academic PerformanceLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.17 - Discuss some strategies for improved readingcomprehension and getting more out of lectures.KEYWORDS:FactualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EP3W61. Which of the following is consistent with the information presented in the textbook regarding class attendance?a. Among successful students (grade average B or better), class attendance did not seem to matter.b. Among unsuccessful students (grade average C- or below), class attendance did not seem to matter.c. Even when an instructor delivers hard-to-follow lectures, it is important for all students to go to class.d. It is only important for all students to go to class when instructors provide well-organized lectures.ANSWER:cDIFFICULTY:ModerateREFERENCES:APPLICATION: Improving Academic PerformanceLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.17 - Discuss some strategies for improved readingcomprehension and getting more out of lectures.KEYWORDS:FactualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EPNN

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62. Most students record less than ______ of the crucial ideas in a lecture.a. 90%b. 70%c. 40%d. 10%ANSWER:cDIFFICULTY:ModerateREFERENCES:APPLICATION: Improving Academic PerformanceLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.17 - Discuss some strategies for improved readingcomprehension and getting more out of lectures.KEYWORDS:FactualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EPNB63. Which one of the following is NOT included in active listening?a. Focusing attention on the speakerb. Asking those around you for clarificationc. Anticipating what is coming next in the lectured. Paying attention to the speaker’s nonverbal signalsANSWER:bDIFFICULTY:EasyREFERENCES:APPLICATION: Improving Academic PerformanceLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.17 - Discuss some strategies for improved readingcomprehension and getting more out of lectures.KEYWORDS:ConceptualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EPB364. When course material is especially difficult, it is a good idea to prepare for lectures bya. reading ahead on the subject of the lecture.b. asking fellow classmates to explain the material to you.c. writing down questions that you can ask the instructor later.d. writing down exact words the instructor says.ANSWER:aDIFFICULTY:EasyREFERENCES:APPLICATION: Improving Academic PerformanceLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.17 - Discuss some strategies for improved readingcomprehension and getting more out of lectures.KEYWORDS:FactualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EPBA

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65. A good reason for taking notes in your own words, rather than verbatim, is thata. most lecturers ramble and are difficult to follow.b. most lecturers use words you will not understand.c. this reduces the likelihood that you will later engage in plagiarism.d. this forces you to organize the information in a way that makes sense to you.ANSWER:dDIFFICULTY:ModerateREFERENCES:APPLICATION: Improving Academic PerformanceLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.17 - Discuss some strategies for improved readingcomprehension and getting more out of lectures.KEYWORDS:ConceptualNOTES:NewQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EPNG66. When a question occurs to you during a lecture, you shoulda. ask it during class.b. ask a classmate about it after class.c. write it down and ask the instructor after class.d. not ask it, since this would interrupt the lecturer.ANSWER:aDIFFICULTY:EasyREFERENCES:APPLICATION: Improving Academic PerformanceLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.17 - Discuss some strategies for improved readingcomprehension and getting more out of lectures.KEYWORDS:ConceptualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EPNF67. Which of the following is NOT one of the tips for getting more out of lectures?a. Ask questions in class.b. Listen actively to the lecture.c. Pay attention to the instructor’s nonverbal signals.d. Try to use the instructor’s words when taking notes in class.ANSWER:dDIFFICULTY:EasyREFERENCES:APPLICATION: Improving Academic PerformanceLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.17 - Discuss some strategies for improved readingcomprehension and getting more out of lectures.KEYWORDS:FactualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EPNR

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68. Overlearning refers to continued practice of material after you havea. completed your study plan.b. already passed the relevant test.c. apparently mastered the material.d. become exhausted from studying.ANSWER:cDIFFICULTY:EasyREFERENCES:APPLICATION: Improving Academic PerformanceLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.18 - Describe various study strategies that can aid memory.KEYWORDS:FactualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EPND69. Cramming before a test will most likelya. be the only way to accomplish deep processing.b. be less effective than distributed practice.c. be more effective than taking practice tests.d. increase the efficiency of your memory.ANSWER:bDIFFICULTY:EasyREFERENCES:APPLICATION: Improving Academic PerformanceLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.18 - Describe various study strategies that can aid memory.KEYWORDS:FactualNOTES:NewQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EPBU70. A useful study technique that helps to organize information isa. outlining reading assignments.b. studying with a group of students.c. underlining important points in textbooks.d. memorizing the order of chapter headings.ANSWER:aDIFFICULTY:EasyREFERENCES:APPLICATION: Improving Academic PerformanceLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.18 - Describe various study strategies that can aid memory.KEYWORDS:FactualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EPBT

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71. Mnemonic devices are techniques fora. enhancing memory.b. improving class attendance.c. developing a study plan.d. becoming an active listener.ANSWER:aDIFFICULTY:EasyREFERENCES:APPLICATION: Improving Academic PerformanceLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.18 - Describe various study strategies that can aid memory.KEYWORDS:FactualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EPBS72. Using "Roy G Biv" to remember the order of colors in the light spectrum is an example of how ______ can help usremember information.a. acrosticsb. acronymsc. overlearningd. visual imageryANSWER:bDIFFICULTY:EasyREFERENCES:APPLICATION: Improving Academic PerformanceLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.18 - Describe various study strategies that can aid memory.KEYWORDS:ConceptualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EPBI73. Using "Every good boy does fine" to remember the order of musical notes is an example of how ______ can helpus remember information.a. acrosticsb. acronymsc. overlearningd. visual imageryANSWER:aDIFFICULTY:ModerateREFERENCES:APPLICATION: Improving Academic PerformanceLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.18 - Describe various study strategies that can aid memory.KEYWORDS:ConceptualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EPBW74. The loci method is a mnemonic device that involvesa. making up a logicalstory.b. inventing a useful acronym.c. memorizing a simplepoem.d. taking a make-believe walk where you associate images of items you want toremember.ANSWER:dDIFFICULTY:ModerateREFERENCES:APPLICATION: Improving Academic PerformanceLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.18 - Describe various study strategies that can aid memory.KEYWORDS:FactualNOTES:NewQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EPKN

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75. Psychology confines itself to the study of human behavior.a.Trueb.FalseANSWER:FalseDIFFICULTY:EasyREFERENCES:The Psychology of AdjustmentLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.06 - Describe the two key facets of psychology.KEYWORDS:FactualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EPKG76. One advantage of the scientific method is its relative intolerance of error.a.Trueb.FalseANSWER:TrueDIFFICULTY:ModerateREFERENCES:The Scientific Approach to BehaviorLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.08 - Explain the nature of empiricism and the advantages of thescientific approach to behavior.KEYWORDS:FactualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EPKF77. According to research, many commonsense notions about happiness appear to be accurate.a.Trueb.FalseANSWER:FalseDIFFICULTY:EasyREFERENCES:The Search for DirectionLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.03 - Provide some examples of people's search for direction.KEYWORDS:FactualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EPKD78. In general, women are less happy than men; this is evident in the statistics indicating that women are treated fordepression about twice as often as men.a.Trueb.FalseANSWER:FalseDIFFICULTY:DifficultREFERENCES:The Search for DirectionLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.03 - Provide some examples of people's search for direction.KEYWORDS:FactualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EPJU

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79. In taking lecture notes, you should take down everything exactly as said by your professor.a.Trueb.FalseANSWER:FalseDIFFICULTY:ModerateREFERENCES:APPLICATION: Improving Academic PerformanceLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.17 - Discuss some strategies for improved readingcomprehension and getting more out of lectures.KEYWORDS:ConceptualNOTES:NewQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EPJ180. People tend to overestimate their knowledge of a topic.a.Trueb.FalseANSWER:TrueDIFFICULTY:ModerateREFERENCES:APPLICATION: Improving Academic PerformanceLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.18 - Describe various study strategies that can aid memory.KEYWORDS:FactualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EPJT81. Explain what is meant by the paradox of progress and give an example to illustrate your point.ANSWER:Answer not providedREFERENCES:The Paradox of ProgressLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.01 - Describe three examples of the paradox of progress.NOTES:NewQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EPJO82. What are the main qualities to look for and two of the problems to avoid when choosing a good self-help book?ANSWER:Answer not providedREFERENCES:The Search for DirectionLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.04 - Describe some common problems with self-help books andwhat to look for in quality self-help books.NOTES:NewQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EPJZ83. List and briefly describe two advantages of the scientific approach.ANSWER:Answer not providedREFERENCES:The Scientific Approach to BehaviorLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.08 - Explain the nature of empiricism and the advantages of thescientific approach to behavior.QUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EPJS

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84. Define and explain the relationship between the dependent and independent variables in a psychological experimentusing an example.ANSWER:Answer not providedREFERENCES:The Scientific Approach to BehaviorLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.09 - Describe the experimental method, distinguishing betweenindependent and dependent variables and between experimental and control groups.NOTES:NewQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EPJI85. Explain the difference between a positive and negative correlation in correlational research using examples.ANSWER:Answer not providedREFERENCES:The Scientific Approach to BehaviorLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.10 - Distinguish between positive and negative correlation, andexplain what the size of a correlation coefficient means.NOTES:NewQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-EPJW86. What are the main advantages and disadvantages of correlational research methods in psychology?ANSWER:Answer not providedREFERENCES:The Scientific Approach to BehaviorLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.12 - Compare the advantages and disadvantages of experimentaland control groups.QUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-KOKN87. Define subjective well-being and describe methodology to empirically analyze its determinants.ANSWER:Answer not providedREFERENCES:The Roots of Happiness: An Empirical AnalysisLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.13 - Identify the various factors that are surprisingly unrelated tohappiness.QUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-KOKB88. List and describe three factors that are surprisingly NOT related to happiness.ANSWER:Answer not providedREFERENCES:The Roots of Happiness: An Empirical AnalysisLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.13 - Identify the various factors that are surprisingly unrelated tohappiness.QUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-KOJ3

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89. List and briefly describe several factors that have been found to be somewhat or very important determinants ofhappiness.ANSWER:Answer not providedREFERENCES:The Roots of Happiness: An Empirical AnalysisLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.14 - Describe the factors that are somewhat or very important tohappiness.NOTES:NewQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-KOJA90. Briefly describe at least three strategies for learning more from your class lectures and studying.ANSWER:Answer not providedREFERENCES:APPLICATION: Improving Academic PerformanceLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.16 - List three steps for developing sound study habits.QUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GCHR-KOKG91. Bridget went to the store and found there were 93 different shampoos for her to choose from. According to thetextbook, she is likely to experiencea. choice overload.b. postdecision regret.c. a depletion of mental resources.d. all of the above.ANSWER:dDIFFICULTY:ModerateREFERENCES:The Paradox of ProgressLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.04 - Describe some common problems with self-help books andwhat to look for in quality self-help books.KEYWORDS:ConceptualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GC5U-YTBZ92. The range of life choices hasa. barely changed in the past century.b. made life much easier for everyone.c. increased in recent decades.d. decreased in recent decades.ANSWER:cDIFFICULTY:EasyREFERENCES:The Paradox of ProgressLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.04 - Describe some common problems with self-help books andwhat to look for in quality self-help books.KEYWORDS:ConceptualNOTES:NewQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-GC5U-YTBI

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93. The technological advances of the past century, impressive though they may be, have not led to perceptibleimprovement in our collective health and happiness. This issue is known as thea. approach-avoidance conflict.b. paradox of progress.c. self-realization dilemma.d. correlation limitation.ANSWER:bDIFFICULTY:EasyREFERENCES:The Paradox of ProgressLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.01 - Describe three examples of the paradox of progress.KEYWORDS:FactualQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-ETND-1PBS94. Modern technology has gradually provided us witha. less control in our lives.b. lower costs financially and within our personal lives as well.c. unprecedented control over the world around us.d. improved mental health and happiness.ANSWER:cDIFFICULTY:ModerateREFERENCES:The Paradox of ProgressLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.01 - Describe three examples of the paradox of progress.KEYWORDS:FactualNOTES:NewQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-ETNR-RTKD95. With regard to our environment, modern technologya. has improved our resource allocation.b. provides the answers to overconsumption and waste.c. has caused food production to decrease.d. had a devastating negative impact.ANSWER:dDIFFICULTY:ModerateREFERENCES:The Paradox of ProgressLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.01 - Describe three examples of the paradox of progress.KEYWORDS:FactualNOTES:NewQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-ETNR-RTJU

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96. Many social critics believe that the quality of our livesa. has increased and our sense of personal fulfillment has declined.b. has decreased and our sense of personal fulfillment has increased.c. and our sense of personal fulfillment have declined.d. and our sense of personal fulfillment have increased.ANSWER:cDIFFICULTY:DifficultREFERENCES:The Paradox of ProgressLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.02 - Explain what is meant by the paradox of progress and howtheorists have explained it.KEYWORDS:FactualNOTES:NewQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-ETNR-RTJ197. Alvin Toffler attributes our collective alienation and distress in modern technological society toa. being in over our heads and insecure with excessive materialism.b. our being overwhelmed by rapidly accelerating cultural change.c. having too much control over the world around us.d. needing to reinvent ourselves to quell anxieties.ANSWER:bDIFFICULTY:DifficultREFERENCES:The Paradox of ProgressLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.02 - Explain what is meant by the paradox of progress and howtheorists have explained it.KEYWORDS:FactualNOTES:NewQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-ETNR-RTJT98. With technology such as Facebook available, Americans reporta. more friends than ever before.b. a sense of loneliness and isolation related to the superficial communication in the online world.c. a decreased number of people suffering from an intimacy deficit.d. we spend more time with each other instead of with technology.ANSWER:bDIFFICULTY:ModerateREFERENCES:The Paradox of ProgressLEARNING OBJECTIVES:PSYC.WEIT.11.01.02 - Explain what is meant by the paradox of progress and howtheorists have explained it.KEYWORDS:FactualNOTES:NewQUESTION ID:JFND-GTB3-ETNR-RTJO

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