Statistics, 12th Edition Test Bank

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Ch. 1Statistics, Data, and Statistical Thinking1.1The Science of Statistics1Define StatisticsMULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.Solve the problem.1) Which of the following is not the job of a statistician?A) implementing new procedures based on the results of a studyB) determining what information is relevant in a given problemC) collecting numerical information in the form of dataD) determining whether the conclusions drawn from a study are to be trustedSHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.2) What is statistics?1.2Types of Statistical Applications1Define Descriptive and Inferential StatisticsMULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.Solve the problem.1) A recent report stated "Based on a sample of 180 truck drivers, there is evidence to indicate that, on average,independent truck drivers earn more than company-hired truck drivers." Does this statement describedescriptive or inferential statistics?A) Inferential statisticsB) Descriptive statistics2) A survey of high school teenagers reported that 92% of those sampled are interested in pursuing a collegeeducation. Does this statement describe descriptive or inferential statistics?A) Descriptive statisticsB) Inferential statistics3) The average age of the students in a statistics class is 22 years. Does this statement describe descriptive orinferential statistics?A) Descriptive statisticsB) Inferential statistics4) From past figures, it is predicted that 21% of the registered voters will vote in the March primary. Does thisstatement describe descriptive or inferential statistics?A) Inferential statisticsB) Descriptive statistics5) Parking at a large university has become a very big problem. University administrators are interested indetermining the average parking time (e.g. the time it takes a student to find a parking spot) of its students. Anadministrator inconspicuously followed 250 students and carefully recorded their parking times. Theuniversity is interested in using the information from the sample of 250 students collected to learn informationabout the entire student parking population. Would this be an application of descriptive or inferentialstatistics?A) Inferential statisticsB) Descriptive statisticsPage 1

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6) As part of an economics class project, students were asked to randomly select 500 New York Stock Exchange(NYSE) stocks from the Wall Street Journal. As part of the project, students were asked to summarize thecurrent prices (also referred to as the closing price of the stock for a particular trading date) of the collectedstocks using graphical and numerical techniques. Would this be an application of descriptive or inferentialstatistics?A) Descriptive statisticsB) Inferential statisticsSHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.7) In a survey of 5000 high school students, 14% of those surveyed read at least one best-seller each month. Givean example of a descriptive statement and an inferential statement that could be made based on thisinformation.MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.8) Which of the following is not an element of descriptive statistical problems?A) predictions are made about a larger set of dataB) information revealed in a data set is summarizedC) data are displayed visually in graphsD) patterns in a data set are identifiedAnswer the question True or False.9) When we take data obtained from a sample and make generalizations or predictions about the entirepopulation, we are utilizing inferential statistics.A) TrueB) False10) Statistics involves two different processes, describing sets of data and drawing conclusions about the sets ofdata on the basis of sampling.A) TrueB) False1.3Fundamental Elements of Statistics1Identify Elements of StatisticsMULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.Solve the problem.1) Parking at a university has become a problem. University administrators are interested in determining theaverage time it takes a student to find a parking spot. An administrator inconspicuously followed 240 studentsand recorded how long it took each of them to find a parking spot. Identify the population of interest to theuniversity administration.A) the entire set of students who park at the universityB) the 240 students about whom the data were collectedC) the entire set of faculty, staff, and students who park at the universityD) the students who park at the university between 9 and 10 AM on Wednesdays2) Parking at a university has become a problem. University administrators are interested in determining theaverage time it takes a student to find a parking spot. An administrator inconspicuously followed 270 studentsand recorded how long it took each of them to find a parking spot. Identify the variable of interest to theuniversity administration.A) time to find a parking spotB) students who drive cars on campusC) number of empty parking spotsD) number of students who cannot find a spotPage 2

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3) An assembly line is operating satisfactorily if fewer than 2% of the phones produced per day are defective. Tocheck the quality of a day's production, the company randomly samples 50 phones from a day's production totest for defects. Define the population of interest to the manufacturer.A) all the phones produced during the day in questionB) the 50 phones sampled and testedC) the 50 responses: defective or not defectiveD) the 2% of the phones that are defective4) An insurance company conducted a study to determine the percentage of cardiologists who had been sued formalpractice in the previous four years. The sample was randomly chosen from a national directory of doctors.What is the variable of interest in this study?A) the responses: have been sued/have not been sued for malpractice in the last four yearsB) the doctor's area of expertise (i.e., cardiology, pediatrics, etc.)C) the number of doctors who are cardiologistsD) all cardiologists in the directory5) A study attempted to estimate the proportion of Florida residents who were willing to spend more tax dollarson protecting the Florida coastline from environmental disasters. Forty-six hundred Florida residents weresurveyed.Which of the following is the population used in the study?A) all Florida residentsB) the 4600 Florida residents who were surveyedC) Florida residents willing to spend more tax dollars protecting the coastline from environmental disastersD) all Florida residents who lived along the coastline6) A study attempted to estimate the proportion of Florida residents who were willing to spend more tax dollarson protecting the Florida beaches from environmental disasters. Forty-eight hundred Florida residents weresurveyed.Which of the following describes the variable of interest in the study?A) the response to the question, "Are you willing to spend more tax dollars on protecting the Florida beachesfrom environmental disasters?"B) the response to the question "Do you live along the beach?"C) the response to the question "Do you use the beach?"D) the 4800 Florida residents surveyed7) Parking at a large university has become a very big problem. University administrators are interested indetermining the average parking time (e.g. the time it takes a student to find a parking spot) of its students. Anadministrator inconspicuously followed 250 students and carefully recorded their parking times. Identify thepopulation of interest to the university administration.A) the 250 students that data was collected fromB) the entire set of students that park at the universityC) a single student that parks at the universityD) the parking time, defined to be the amount of time the student spent finding a parking spot8) Parking at a large university has become a very big problem. University administrators are interested indetermining the average parking time (e.g. the time it takes a student to find a parking spot) of its students. Anadministrator inconspicuously followed 250 students and carefully recorded their parking times. Identify thesample of interest to the university administration.A) the 250 students that data was collected fromB) the entire set of students that park at the universityC) a single student that parks at the universityD) the parking time, defined to be the amount of time the student spent finding a parking spotPage 3

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9) Parking at a large university has become a very big problem. University administrators are interested indetermining the average parking time (e.g. the time it takes a student to find a parking spot) of its students. Anadministrator inconspicuously followed 250 students and carefully recorded their parking times. Identify theexperimental unit of interest to the university administration.A) the 250 students that data was collected fromB) the entire set of students that park at the universityC) a single student that parks at the universityD) the parking time, defined to be the amount of time the student spent finding a parking spot10) Parking at a large university has become a very big problem. University administrators are interested indetermining the average parking time (e.g. the time it takes a student to find a parking spot) of its students. Anadministrator inconspicuously followed 250 students and carefully recorded their parking times. Identify thevariable of interest to the university administration.A) the 250 students that data was collected fromB) the entire set of students that park at the universityC) a single student that parks at the universityD) the parking time, defined to be the amount of time the student spent finding a parking spot11) As part of an economics class project, students were asked to randomly select 500 New York Stock Exchange(NYSE) stocks from the Wall Street Journal. As part of the project, students were asked to summarize thecurrent prices (also referred to as the closing price of the stock for a particular trading date) of the collectedstocks using graphical and numerical techniques. Identify the population of interest for this study.A) the entire set of stocks that are traded on the NYSEB) the 500 NYSE stocks that current prices were collected fromC) the current price (or closing price) of a NYSE stockD) a single stock traded on the NYSE12) As part of an economics class project, students were asked to randomly select 500 New York Stock Exchange(NYSE) stocks from the Wall Street Journal. As part of the project, students were asked to summarize thecurrent prices (also referred to as the closing price of the stock for a particular trading date) of the collectedstocks using graphical and numerical techniques. Identify the sample of interest for this study.A) the entire set of stocks that are traded on the NYSEB) the 500 NYSE stocks that current prices were collected fromC) the current price (or closing price) of a NYSE stockD) a single stock traded on the NYSE13) As part of an economics class project, students were asked to randomly select 500 New York Stock Exchange(NYSE) stocks from the Wall Street Journal. As part of the project, students were asked to summarize thecurrent prices (also referred to as the closing price of the stock for a particular trading date) of the collectedstocks using graphical and numerical techniques. Identify the experimental unit of interest for this study.A) the entire set of stocks that are traded on the NYSEB) the 500 NYSE stocks that current prices were collected fromC) the current price (or closing price) of a NYSE stockD) a single stock traded on the NYSE14) As part of an economics class project, students were asked to randomly select 500 New Your Stock Exchange(NYSE) stocks from the Wall Street Journal. As part of the project, students were asked to summarize thecurrent prices (also referred to as the closing price of the stock for a particular trading date) of the collectedstocks using graphical and numerical techniques. Identify the variable of interest for this study.A) the entire set of stocks that are traded on the NYSEB) the 500 NYSE stocks that current prices were collected fromC) the current price (or closing price) of a NYSE stockD) a single stock traded on the NYSEPage 4

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15) A study in the state of Georgia was conducted to determine the percentage of all community college studentswho have taken at least one online class. 1500 community college students were contacted and asked if theyhad taken at least one online class during their time at their community college. These responses were thenused to estimate the percentage of all community college students who have taken at least one online class.Identify the population of interest in this study.A) the response (Yes/No) to the question, "Have you taken at least one online class?"B) the 1500 community college students contactedC) all community college students in the state of GeorgiaD) the number of online classes a student has taken16) A study in the state of Georgia was conducted to determine the percentage of all community college studentswho have taken at least one online class. 1500 community college students were contacted and asked if theyhad taken at least one online class during their time at their community college. These responses were thenused to estimate the percentage of all community college students who have taken at least one online class.Identify the variable of interest in this study.A) the response (Yes/No) to the question, "Have you taken at least one online class?"B) the 1500 community college students contactedC) all community college students in the state of GeorgiaD) the number of online classes a student has taken17) Which of the following is not typically an element of inferential statistical problems?A) censusB) sampleC) variable of interestD) measure of reliabilitySHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.18) Parking at a university has become a problem. University administrators are interested in determining theaverage time it takes a student to find a parking spot. An administrator inconspicuously followed 220 studentsand recorded how long it took each of them to find a parking spot. Identify the population, sample, andvariable of interest to the administrators.19) A quality inspector tested 37 copiers in an attempt to estimate the average failure rate of the copier model. Hisstudy indicated that the number of failures decreased from two years ago, indicating an increase in thereliability of the copiers. Describe the variable of interest to the inspector.20) A high school guidance counselor analyzed data from a sample of 900 community colleges throughout theUnited States. One of his goals was to estimate the annual tuition costs of community colleges in the UnitedStates. Describe the population and variable of interest to the guidance counselor.21) Explain why it is not necessary to provide a measure of reliability when a census is used rather than a sample.MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.Answer the question True or False.22) A variable is a characteristic or property of a population.A) TrueB) False23) Measurement is the process of assigning numbers to variables of individual population units.A) TrueB) False24) A census is feasible when the population of interest is small.A) TrueB) FalsePage 5

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25) The process of using information from a sample to make generalizations about the larger population is calledstatistical inference.A) TrueB) False26) A measure of reliability is an important element of a descriptive statistical problem.A) TrueB) False1.4Types of Data1Classify Data as Quantitative or QualitativeMULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.Solve the problem.1) The amount of television viewed by today's youth is of primary concern to Parents Against WatchingTelevision (PAWT). 250 parents of elementary school-aged children were asked to estimate the number ofhours per week that their child watches television. Identify the type of data collected by PAWT.A) quantitativeB) qualitative2) The manager of a car dealership records the colors of automobiles on a used car lot. Identify the type of datacollected.A) qualitativeB) quantitative3) A postal worker counts the number of complaint letters received by the United States Postal Service in a givenday. Identify the type of data collected.A) quantitativeB) qualitative4) An usher records the number of unoccupied seats in a movie theater during each viewing of a film. Identify thetype of data collected.A) quantitativeB) qualitative5) A fan observes the numbers on the shirts of a girl's soccer team. Identify the type of data collected.A) qualitativeB) quantitative6) Parking at a large university has become a very big problem. University administrators are interested indetermining the average parking time (e.g. the time it takes a student to find a parking spot) of its students. Anadministrator inconspicuously followed 250 students and carefully recorded their parking times. What type ofvariable is the administration interested in collecting?A) quantitative dataB) qualitative data7) As part of an economics class project, students were asked to randomly select 500 New York Stock Exchange(NYSE) stocks from the Wall Street Journal. As part of the project, students were asked to summarize thecurrent prices (also referred to as the closing price of the stock for a particular trading date) of the collectedstocks using graphical and numerical techniques. What type of variable is being collected?A) quantitative dataB) qualitative data8) A study in the state of Georgia was conducted to determine the percentage of all community college studentswho have taken at least one online class. 1500 community college students were contacted and asked if theyhad taken at least one online class during their time at their community college. These responses were thenused to estimate the percentage of all community college students who have taken at least one online class.What type of variable is being collected?A) quantitative dataB) qualitative data9) Which data about paintings wouldnotbe qualitative?A) the valueB) the artistC) the styleD) the themePage 6

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SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.10) Gender is one variable of interest in a study of the effectiveness of a new medication. For data entry purposes,the researcher conducting the study assigns 1 for Male and 2 for Female. Is the gender data quantitative orqualitative?1.5Collecting Data1Identify Data Collection MethodMULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.Solve the problem.1) The amount of television viewed by today's youth is of primary concern to Parents Against WatchingTelevision (PAWT). 330 parents of elementary school-aged children were asked to estimate the number ofhours per week that their child watches television. Identify how the data were collected in this study.A) from a surveyB) from a published sourceC) from a designed experimentD) observationally2) A personnel director studied the eating habits of a company's employees. The director noted whetheremployees brought their own lunch to work, ate at the company cafeteria, or went out to eat lunch. This type ofdata collection would best be considered as a(n) __________.A) observational studyB) designed experiment3) A student worked on her statistics project in the library and found a reference book that contained the medianfamily incomes for all 50 states. On her project, she would report her data as being collected __________.A) from a published sourceB) from a designed experimentC) observationallyD) from a survey4) What method of data collection would you use to collect data for a study where a drug was given to 51 patientsand a placebo to another group of 51 patients to determine if the drug has an effect on a patient's illness?A) designed experimentB) published sourceC) observational studyD) survey5) What method of data collection would you use to collect data for a study where a political pollster wishes todetermine if his candidate is leading in the polls?A) surveyB) published sourceC) designed experimentD) observational study6) Parking at a large university has become a very big problem. University administrators are interested indetermining the average parking time (e.g. the time it takes a student to find a parking spot) of its students. Anadministrator inconspicuously followed 250 students and carefully recorded their parking times. Identify thedata collection method used by the administration in this study.A) data from a published sourceB) data from a designed experimentC) data collected observationally7) As part of an economics class project, students were asked to randomly select 500 New York Stock Exchange(NYSE) stocks from the Wall Street Journal. As part of the project, students were asked to summarize thecurrent prices (also referred to as the closing price of the stock for a particular trading date) of the collectedstocks using graphical and numerical techniques. Identify the data collection method used in this study.A) data from a published sourceB) data from a designed experimentC) data collected observationallyPage 7

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8) Does online teaching help or hinder student learning? To help answer this question, a statistics teacher decidedto teach his three sections of a particular class using three different teaching models-a traditional face-to-facesection, a completely online section, and a hybrid or blended section that incorporated both a face-to-face andonline component in the section. Students were randomly assigned to the different sections, taught identicalinformation using the different teaching formats, and given identical examinations to measure studentlearning. The goal was to identify if the teaching method used affected student learning performance. Identifythe data collection method used in this study.A) data from a published sourceB) data from a designed experimentC) data collected observationallySHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.9) What is meant by a representative sample?10) What is the most common way to satisfy the representative sample requirement?11) Three female students and two male students are to be chosen from a group of 30 female students and 20 malestudents. Does this sample of five students satisfy the conditions to be a random sample of the 50 students inthe group? Explain.MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.Answer the question True or False.12) In an observational study, the researcher exerts strict control over the units in the study.A) TrueB) False13) When using data from a published source, it is not important to know how the data were collected andwhether randomization was used.A) TrueB) False1.6The Role of Statistics in Critical Thinking and Ethics1Identify BiasSHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.Solve the problem.1) Define statistical thinking.2) What is meant by selection bias?MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.3) Which type of problem has occurred when inaccuracies exist in the values of the data recorded?A) measurement errorB) nonresponse biasC) selection bias4) A watchdog group is investigating how people are treated during the foreclosure process. Surveys were mailedto a random sample of 300 people who had recently been threatened with foreclosure. 75 of the surveys werereturned by the postal service because the intended recipients had moved and left no forwarding address.What type of problem has occurred?A) nonresponse biasB) selection biasC) measurement errorPage 8

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5) A university was interested in student reaction to a proposal to spend more on athletic scholarships and less onacademic scholarships. 35 student athletes were surveyed. What type of problem has occurred?A) selection biasB) nonresponse biasC) measurement error6) The way in which an interviewer asks a question about political party affiliation causes respondents to answerthat they have no affiliation when they actually do. What type of problem has occurred?A) measurement errorB) selection biasC) nonresponse bias7) A student completing a research project for a criminal justice class obtained a radar gun for determiningautomobile speeds and recorded the speeds of automobiles passing a fixed location over a period of severalhours. The student was unaware that the device needed to be recharged after two hours of use and that thespeeds recorded after two hours were not reliable. What type of problem has occurred?A) measurement errorB) selection biasC) nonresponse bias8) Because of the possible legal consequences, many people in a sample of the U.S. population chose not toparticipate in a survey regarding illegal drug use. What type of problem has occurred?A) nonresponse biasB) selection biasC) measurement error9) A middle school was interested in surveying their students to find out opinions about the schools media center.To facilitate data collection, the homeroom period was extended 30 minutes to allow everyone in the schoolample time to respond to a short questionnaire. Unfortunately, it was learned after the surveys had beencompleted that all honors students in the middle school were on an all-day field trip and away from school forthe entire day. The exclusion of their input into the survey would be considered which type of samplingproblem?A) selection biasB) nonresponse biasC) measurement error10) A county planning commission is attempted to survey 1500 households from the counties 400,000 households.A random sample was selected and surveys were mailed to the randomly selected households, but only 1075were returned. The inability to collect data from the 425 households that didn't return the survey would beconsidered which type of sampling problem?A) selection biasB) nonresponse biasC) measurement error2Unethical StatisticsSHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.Solve the problem.11) Give an example of unethical statistical practice.12) A health food company has the following statement on their new product packaging: "Prevents all types ofcancer!" (Fact: Past studies have shown that some ingredients in the new product have been know to possiblyreduce the risk of many types of cancer). Discuss why it is unethical to make this statement.MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.13) A researcher studying malnutrition among children in a developing country collected weights of a randomsample of children using a scale that she had set to give weights 2.5 kilograms less than the actual weight.Which statement best describes this situation?A) Measurement error has occurred, and the researcher is guilty of unethical statistical practice.B) Measurement error has occurred, but the researcher is not guilty of unethical statistical practice.C) Measurement error has not occurred, but the researcher is guilty of unethical statistical practice.D) Measurement error has not occurred, and the researcher is not guilty of unethical statistical practice.Page 9

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Ch. 1Statistics, Data, and Statistical ThinkingAnswer Key1.1The Science of Statistics1Define Statistics1) A2) Statistics is the science of data that involves collecting, classifying, summarizing, organizing, analyzing, andinterpreting numerical information.1.2Types of Statistical Applications1Define Descriptive and Inferential Statistics1) A2) A3) A4) A5) A6) A7) Descriptive: 14% of the students sampled (or 700) read at least one best-seller each month.Inferential:Based on the survey, we estimate that about 14% of all high schoolstudents read at least one best-seller each month.8) A9) A10) A1.3Fundamental Elements of Statistics1Identify Elements of Statistics1) A2) A3) A4) A5) A6) A7) B8) A9) C10) D11) A12) B13) D14) C15) C16) A17) A18) The population of interest are all students at the university who park. The sample is the parking times of the 220students that were collected by the university administrator. The variable of interest to the administrators is theparking time variable.19) The variable of interest to the researcher is the failure rate of the copiers.20) The population of interest to the guidance counselor is all community colleges in the United States. The variable ofinterest is the annual tuition cost of the community college.21) When a census is used, there should be no error.22) B23) A24) A25) A26) BPage 10

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1.4Types of Data1Classify Data as Quantitative or Qualitative1) A2) A3) A4) A5) A6) A7) A8) B9) A10) Qualitative; The numbers are arbitrarily selected numerical codes for the categories and have no utility beyond that.1.5Collecting Data1Identify Data Collection Method1) A2) A3) A4) A5) A6) C7) A8) B9) a sample that exhibits characteristics typical of those possessed by the population of interest10) selecting a random sample11) No; not every sample of 5 students from the group has an equal chance of selection; for example, a sample consistingof 5 males has no chance of being selected.12) B13) B1.6The Role of Statistics in Critical Thinking and Ethics1Identify Bias1) Statistical thinking involves applying rational thought and the science of statistics to critically assess data and makeinferences.2) Selection bias is when a subset of the experimental units in the population is excluded so that these units have nopossibility of being selected in the sample.3) A4) A5) A6) A7) A8) A9) A10) B2Unethical Statistics11) Researchers select a biased sample, with the intention of misleading the public.12) Answers may vary. One possible answer is that the past studies show that the ingredients only have possible cancerreducing effects on many, not all, types of cancer.13) APage 11

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Ch. 2Methods for Describing Sets of Data2.1Describing Qualitative Data1Identify Classes/Compute Class Frequencies/Relative Frequencies/PercentagesMULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.Solve the problem.1) In an eye color study, 25 out of 50 people in the sample had brown eyes. In this situation, what does thenumber .50 represent?A) a class relative frequencyB) a classC) a class frequencyD) a class percentage2) What class percentage corresponds to a class relative frequency of .37?A) 37%B) .37%C) .63%D) 63%SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.3) A sample of 100 e-mail users were asked whether their primary e-mail account was a free account, aninstitutional (school or work) account, or an account that they pay for personally. Identify the classes for theresulting data.2Construct Frequency/Relative Frequency TableMULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.Solve the problem.4) What number is missing from the table?Gradeson TestFrequencyRelativeFrequencyA6.24B7C9.36D2.08F1.04A) .28B) .07C) .72D) .705) What number is missing from the table?Year inCollegeFrequencyRelativeFrequencyFreshman600.30Sophomore560.28Junior.22Senior400.20A) 440B) 220C) 480D) 520Page 12

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SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.6) Complete the frequency table for the data shown below.greenbluebrownorangebluebrownorangeblueredgreenbluebrowngreenredbrownbluebrownblueblueredColorFrequencyGreenBlueBrownOrangeMULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.Answer the question True or False.7) A frequency table displays the proportion of observations falling into each class.A) TrueB) False3Construct, Interpret Bar GraphMULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.Solve the problem.8) 260 randomly sampled college students were asked, among other things, to state their year in school(freshman, sophomore, junior, or senior). The responses are shown in the bar graph below. How many of thestudents who responded would be classified as upperclassmen (e.g., juniors or seniors)?A) Approximately 100B) Approximately 125C) Approximately 10D) Approximately 25Page 13

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9)The manager of a store conducted a customer survey to determine why customers shopped at the store. Theresults are shown in the figure. What proportion of customers responded that merchandise was the reason theyshopped at the store?A) 37B) 30C) 12D) 2710)The bar graph shows the political affiliation of 1000 registered U.S. voters. What percentage of the votersbelonged to one of the traditional two parties (Democratic or Republican)?A) 75%B) 40%C) 35%D) 25%Page 14

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SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.11) The data below show the types of medals won by athletes representing the United States in the WinterOlympics.goldgoldsilvergoldbronzesilversilverbronzegoldsilversilverbronzesilvergoldgoldsilversilverbronzebronzegoldsilvergoldgoldbronzebronzea.Construct a frequency table for the data.b.Construct a relative frequency table for the data.c.Construct a frequency bar graph for the data.MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.Answer the question True or False.12) The bars in a bar graph can be arranged by height in ascending order from left to right.A) TrueB) False13) Either vertical or horizontal bars can be used when constructing a bar graph.A) TrueB) False4Construct, Interpret Pie ChartMULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.Solve the problem.14)The pie chart shows the classifications of students in a statistics class.What percentage of the class consists of freshman, sophomores, and juniors?A) 86%B) 14%C) 44%D) 54%Page 15

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