Study GuideMicrobiology–Diseases of the Reproductive System1.Fungal and Protozoal Diseases of the Reproductive SystemThe reproductive system can be affected by infections caused byfungiandprotozoa. Theseinfections often develop when the normal balance of microorganisms in the body is disturbed or whenpathogens are transmitted through close contact. Below are two important examples.1.1Candidiasis (Yeast Infection)Candidiasis, commonly known as ayeast infection, is caused by the fungusCandida albicans.This infection often occurs when thenormal bacterial populationof the reproductive tract isreduced. A common reason for this imbalance is theoveruse of antibiotics, which kill helpfulbacteria along with harmful ones. When this happens,Candidacan grow rapidly.Typical symptoms include:•Intense itching (pruritus)•Irritated or inflamed tissues•Lesions similar to those seen in oral thrush•Ayellowish, thick, cheesy dischargeDiagnosis is usually made bydirect visual observationof the yeast cells in clinical samples.Treatment is effective with antifungal medications such as:•Nystatin•Clotrimazole•Miconazole1.2TrichomoniasisTrichomoniasis is theonly protozoal diseaseof the reproductive system. It is caused by theflagellated protozoanTrichomonas vaginalis.Preview Mode
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