Test Bank For Microbiology: A Systems Approach, 3rd Edition

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Chapter 001 The Main Themes of MicrobiologyMultiple Choice Questions1.When humans manipulate the genes of microorganisms the process is calledA. BioremediationB. Genetic engineeringC. EpidemiologyD. ImmunologyE. Taxonomy2.Which of the following is not considered a microorganism?A. MosquitoB. ProtozoaC. BacteriaD. VirusesE. Fungi3.All microorganisms are best defined as organisms thatA. Cause human diseaseB. Lack a cell nucleusC. Are infectious particlesD. Are too small to be seen with the unaided eyeE. Can only be found growing in laboratories4.Which activity is an example of biotechnology?A. Bacteria in the soil secreting an antibiotic to kill competitorsB. A microbiologist using the microscope to study bacteriaC. Egyptians using moldy bread on woundsD. Eschericia coli producing human insulinE. Public health officials monitoring diseases in a community5.Living things ordinarily too small to be seen with the unaided eye are termedA. BacteriaB. VirusesC. ParasitesD. MicroorganismsE. None of the choices is correct6.The study of the immune response to infection caused by microorganisms isA. HypersensitivityB. EpidemiologyC. ImmunologyD. MorbidityE. Geomicrobiology7.Which of the following does not indicate microbe involvement in energy and nutrient flow?A. Formation of oxygen by an oxygenic photosynthesisB. Formation of greenhouse gasesC. Formation of soilD. Digestion of complex carbohydrates in animal dietsE. Decomposition of dead matter and wastes

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8.The microorganisms that recycle nutrients by breaking down dead matter and wastes are calledA. DecomposersB. ProkaryotesC. PathogensD. EukaryotesE. Fermenters9.The microorganisms that do not have a nucleus in their cells are calledA. DecomposersB. ProkaryotesC. PathogensD. EukaryotesE. Fermenters10. The first prokaryotes appeared about ___ billion years ago.A. 5B. 4C. 3D. 2E. 111. Which of the following is not a human use of microorganisms?A. Baking breadB. Treating water and sewageC. Breaking down chocolateD. Mass producing antibioticsE. Cleaning up oil spills12. Using microbes to detoxify a site contaminated with heavy metals is an example ofA. BiotechnologyB. BioremediationC. DecompositionD. ImmunologyE. Epidemiology13. Disease-causing microorganisms are calledA. DecomposersB. ProkaryotesC. PathogensD. EukaryotesE. Fermenters14. The number one worldwide infectious diseases areA. AIDS related diseasesB. Diarrhea diseasesC. Malaria diseasesD. MeaslesE. Respiratory diseases15. Which of the following is a unique characteristic of viruses that distinguishes them from the other majorgroups of microorganisms?A. Cause human diseaseB. Lack a nucleusC. Cannot be seen without a microscopeD. Contain genetic materialE. Lack cell structure

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16. Helminths areA. BacteriaB. ProtozoaC. MoldsD. Parasitic wormsE. Infectious particles17. Organisms called parasites areA. Always classified in the kingdom MoneraB. Always harmful to their hostC. The decomposers in ecosystemsD. Always a virusE. Free-living18. Which group of microorganisms is composed only of hereditary material wrapped in a protein covering?A. VirusesB. BacteriaC. ParasitesD. FungiE. Yeasts19. The Dutch merchant who made and used quality magnifying lenses to see and record microorganismswasA. Francesco RediB. Antonie van LeeuwenhoekC. Louis PasteurD. Joseph ListerE. Robert Koch20. Which of the following is not a process in the scientific method?A. Belief in a preconceived ideaB. Formulate a hypothesisC. Systematic observationD. Laboratory experimentationE. Development of a theory21. ExperimentationA. Is designed to refute an hypothesisB. Is designed to support an hypothesisC. Provides a means to gather subjective dataD. Provides a means to gather objective dataE. Is the first step in the scientific method22. A scientist that constructs a hypothesis and then tests its validity by outlining predicted events of thehypothesis followed by experiments to test for those events is using the _____ approach.A. KochB. Scientific methodC. Spontaneous generationD. TaxonomicE. None of the choices is correct23. The scientific method includes all of the following exceptA. HypothesisB. ExperimentationC. ObservationD. Control groupE. Theory

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24. Koch's postulates are criteria used to establish thatA. Microbes are found on dust particlesB. A specific microbe is the cause of a specific diseaseC. Life forms can only arise from preexisting life formsD. A specific microbe should be classified in a specific kingdomE. Microbes can be used to clean up toxic spills25. The surgeon who advocated using disinfectants on hands and in the air prior to surgery wasA. Joseph ListerB. Ignaz SemmelweisC. Robert KochD. Louis PasteurE. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek26. Sterile refers toA. Pathogen freeB. Absence of sporesC. Absence of any life forms and viral particlesD. PasteurizedE. Homogenized27. Which scientist showed that anthrax was caused by the bacterium, Bacillus anthracis?A. Joseph ListerB. Ignaz SemmelweisC. Robert KochD. Louis PasteurE. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek28. Taxonomy does not involveA. NomenclatureB. ClassificationC. TaxaD. IdentificationE. Common name29. Which scientific field is involved in the identification, classification and naming of organisms?A. NomenclatureB. TaxonomyC. PhylogenyD. Woesean classificationE. None of the choices is correct30. The orderly arrangement of organisms into a hierarchy of taxa is calledA. ClassificationB. IdentificationC. NomenclatureD. ExperimentationE. Biotechnology31. Which of the following is a taxon that contains all the other taxa listed?A. SpeciesB. PhylumC. KingdomD. GenusE. Family

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32. The smallest and most significant taxon isA. GenusB. SpeciesC. KingdomD. FamilyE. Phylum33. Select the correct descending taxonomic hierarchy (left to right).A. Family, order, classB. Family, genus, speciesC. Genus, species, familyD. Class, phylum, orderE. Kingdom, domain, phylum34. Which of the following is a scientific name?A. Gram positive streptococcusB. StaphlococcusC. Streptococcus pyogenesD. AnthraxE. Streptobacilli35. When assigning a scientific name to an organism,A. The species name is capitalizedB. The species name is placed firstC. The species name can be abbreviatedD. Both genus and species names are capitalizedE. Both genus and species names are italicized or underlined36. The study of evolutionary relationships among organisms is calledA. BiotechnologyB. GeneticsC. Recombinant DNAD. PhylogenyE. Taxonomy37. Which area of biology states that living things undergo gradual structural and functional changes overlong periods of time?A. MorphologyB. PhylogenyC. EvolutionD. GeneticsE. None of the choices is correct38. A scientist studying the sequence of nucleotides in the rRNA of a bacterial species is working onA. Determining evolutionary relatednessB. BioremediationC. Recombinant DNAD. NomenclatureE. Determining if that species is the cause of a new disease39. The scientist/s that proposed that organisms be assigned to one of 3 domains is/areA. Robert Koch and Louis PasteurB. Antonie van LeeuwenhoekC. Carl Woese and George FoxD. Robert WhittakerE. Francesco Redi

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40. In Whittaker's system, the protozoa and algae are classified in the kingdomA. MoneraB. ProtistC. FungiD. PlantE. Animal41. Which kingdom does not contain any eukaryotes?A. MoneraB. ProtistC. FungiD. PlantE. Animal42. Who developed the first rabies vaccine in 1885?A. PasteurB. ListerC. LeeuwenhoekD. Redi43. Which scientific name is written correctly?A. Staphylococcus aureusB. staphylococcus aureusC. Staphylococcus AureusD.Staphylococcus aureus44. Traditional approaches to taxonomy involved observation of visible morphological characteristics.Today, however, new molecular methods include the examination of:A. DNAB. rRNAC. proteinsD. All of theseTrue / False Questions45. A scientist studying helminths is working with bacteria.TrueFalse46. Members of the kingdom Fungi are photosynthetic.TrueFalse47. The fossil record has established that prokaryotes existed on earth for approximately 2 billion yearsbefore eukaryotes appeared.TrueFalse48. Many chronic conditions are found to be associated with microbial agents.TrueFalse49. All microorganisms are parasites.TrueFalse50. The scientific method involves formulating a tentative explanation, called the hypothesis, to account forwhat has been observed or measured.TrueFalse51. A hypothesis must be tested many times before it can be considered a theory.TrueFalse

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52. The term sterile means free of all life forms.TrueFalse53. Members of the same species share many more characteristics compared to those shared by members ofthe same kingdom.TrueFalse54. Once an organism is assigned to a particular taxonomic hierarchy, it is permanent and cannot berevised.TrueFalse55. Viruses are not classified in any of Whittaker's 5 kingdoms.TrueFalse56. The names of the three proposed Domains are: Bacteria, Protista, Eukarya.TrueFalse57. One distinguishing characteristic of the archaebacteria is that they live in extreme environments.TrueFalse58. Microbes have been found existing in salty, acidic lakes.TrueFalse59. Researchers are trying to show if microbes can live in Antarctica glaciers perhaps they can live on planetswith similar conditions.TrueFalse

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Chapter 001 The Main Themes of Microbiology KeyMultiple Choice Questions1.When humans manipulate the genes of microorganisms the process is calledA. BioremediationB.Genetic engineeringC. EpidemiologyD. ImmunologyE. TaxonomyLearning Objective: 1.02 Identify multiple types of professions using microbiology.2.Which of the following is not considered a microorganism?A.MosquitoB. ProtozoaC. BacteriaD. VirusesE. FungiLearning Objective: 1.01 List the various types of microorganisms.3.All microorganisms are best defined as organisms thatA. Cause human diseaseB. Lack a cell nucleusC. Are infectious particlesD.Are too small to be seen with the unaided eyeE. Can only be found growing in laboratoriesLearning Objective: 1.01 List the various types of microorganisms.4.Which activity is an example of biotechnology?A. Bacteria in the soil secreting an antibiotic to kill competitorsB. A microbiologist using the microscope to study bacteriaC. Egyptians using moldy bread on woundsD.Eschericia coli producing human insulinE. Public health officials monitoring diseases in a communityLearning Objective: 1.01 List the various types of microorganisms.Learning Objective: 1.02 Identify multiple types of professions using microbiology.Learning Objective: 1.03 Describe the role and impact of microbes on the earth.Learning Objective: 1.05 Explain the ways that humans manipulate organisms for their own uses.5.Living things ordinarily too small to be seen with the unaided eye are termedA. BacteriaB. VirusesC. ParasitesD.MicroorganismsE. None of the choices is correctLearning Objective: 1.01 List the various types of microorganisms.Learning Objective: 1.09 Compare and contrast the relative sizes of the different microbes.6.The study of the immune response to infection caused by microorganisms isA. HypersensitivityB. EpidemiologyC.ImmunologyD. MorbidityE. GeomicrobiologyLearning Objective: 1.02 Identify multiple types of professions using microbiology.

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7.Which of the following does not indicate microbe involvement in energy and nutrient flow?A.Formation of oxygen by an oxygenic photosynthesisB. Formation of greenhouse gasesC. Formation of soilD. Digestion of complex carbohydrates in animal dietsE. Decomposition of dead matter and wastesLearning Objective: 1.01 List the various types of microorganisms.8.The microorganisms that recycle nutrients by breaking down dead matter and wastes are calledA.DecomposersB. ProkaryotesC. PathogensD. EukaryotesE. FermentersLearning Objective: 1.03 Describe the role and impact of microbes on the earth.9.The microorganisms that do not have a nucleus in their cells are calledA. DecomposersB.ProkaryotesC. PathogensD. EukaryotesE. FermentersLearning Objective: 1.07 Differentiate between prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms.10.The first prokaryotes appeared about ___ billion years ago.A. 5B.4C. 3D. 2E. 1Learning Objective: 1.07 Differentiate between prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms.11.Which of the following is not a human use of microorganisms?A. Baking breadB. Treating water and sewageC.Breaking down chocolateD. Mass producing antibioticsE. Cleaning up oil spillsLearning Objective: 1.03 Describe the role and impact of microbes on the earth.12.Using microbes to detoxify a site contaminated with heavy metals is an example ofA. BiotechnologyB.BioremediationC. DecompositionD. ImmunologyE. EpidemiologyLearning Objective: 1.03 Describe the role and impact of microbes on the earth.13.Disease-causing microorganisms are calledA. DecomposersB. ProkaryotesC.PathogensD. EukaryotesE. FermentersLearning Objective: 1.06 Summarize the relative burden of human disease caused by microbes.

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14.The number one worldwide infectious diseases areA. AIDS related diseasesB. Diarrhea diseasesC. Malaria diseasesD. MeaslesE.Respiratory diseasesLearning Objective: 1.06 Summarize the relative burden of human disease caused by microbes.15.Which of the following is a unique characteristic of viruses that distinguishes them from the othermajor groups of microorganisms?A. Cause human diseaseB. Lack a nucleusC. Cannot be seen without a microscopeD. Contain genetic materialE.Lack cell structureLearning Objective: 1.08 Identify a 3rd type of microorganism.16.Helminths areA. BacteriaB. ProtozoaC. MoldsD.Parasitic wormsE. Infectious particlesLearning Objective: 1.01 List the various types of microorganisms.17.Organisms called parasites areA. Always classified in the kingdom MoneraB.Always harmful to their hostC. The decomposers in ecosystemsD. Always a virusE. Free-livingLearning Objective: 1.01 List the various types of microorganisms.18.Which group of microorganisms is composed only of hereditary material wrapped in a proteincovering?A.VirusesB. BacteriaC. ParasitesD. FungiE. YeastsLearning Objective: 1.01 List the various types of microorganisms.Learning Objective: 1.08 Identify a 3rd type of microorganism.19.The Dutch merchant who made and used quality magnifying lenses to see and record microorganismswasA. Francesco RediB.Antonie van LeeuwenhoekC. Louis PasteurD. Joseph ListerE. Robert KochLearning Objective: 1.10 Make a timeline of the development of microbiology from the 1600s to today.20.Which of the following is not a process in the scientific method?A.Belief in a preconceived ideaB. Formulate a hypothesisC. Systematic observationD. Laboratory experimentationE. Development of a theoryLearning Objective: 1.12 Explain what is important about the scientific method.

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21.ExperimentationA. Is designed to refute an hypothesisB. Is designed to support an hypothesisC. Provides a means to gather subjective dataD.Provides a means to gather objective dataE. Is the first step in the scientific methodLearning Objective: 1.12 Explain what is important about the scientific method.22.A scientist that constructs a hypothesis and then tests its validity by outlining predicted events of thehypothesis followed by experiments to test for those events is using the _____ approach.A. KochB.Scientific methodC. Spontaneous generationD. TaxonomicE. None of the choices is correctLearning Objective: 1.12 Explain what is important about the scientific method.23.The scientific method includes all of the following exceptA. HypothesisB. ExperimentationC. ObservationD. Control groupE.TheoryLearning Objective: 1.12 Explain what is important about the scientific method.24.Koch's postulates are criteria used to establish thatA. Microbes are found on dust particlesB.A specific microbe is the cause of a specific diseaseC. Life forms can only arise from preexisting life formsD. A specific microbe should be classified in a specific kingdomE. Microbes can be used to clean up toxic spillsLearning Objective: none25.The surgeon who advocated using disinfectants on hands and in the air prior to surgery wasA.Joseph ListerB. Ignaz SemmelweisC. Robert KochD. Louis PasteurE. Antonie van LeeuwenhoekLearning Objective: 1.10 Make a timeline of the development of microbiology from the 1600s to today.26.Sterile refers toA. Pathogen freeB. Absence of sporesC.Absence of any life forms and viral particlesD. PasteurizedE. HomogenizedLearning Objective: 1.03 Describe the role and impact of microbes on the earth.Learning Objective: 1.10 Make a timeline of the development of microbiology from the 1600s to today.Learning Objective: 1.12 Explain what is important about the scientific method.27.Which scientist showed that anthrax was caused by the bacterium, Bacillus anthracis?A. Joseph ListerB. Ignaz SemmelweisC.Robert KochD. Louis PasteurE. Antonie van LeeuwenhoekLearning Objective: 1.10 Make a timeline of the development of microbiology from the 1600s to today.

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28.Taxonomy does not involveA. NomenclatureB. ClassificationC. TaxaD. IdentificationE.Common nameLearning Objective: 1.13 Differentiate between the terms nomenclatureLearning Objective: taxonomy and classification.29.Which scientific field is involved in the identification, classification and naming of organisms?A. NomenclatureB.TaxonomyC. PhylogenyD. Woesean classificationE. None of the choices is correctLearning Objective: 1.13 Differentiate between the terms nomenclatureLearning Objective: taxonomy and classification.30.The orderly arrangement of organisms into a hierarchy of taxa is calledA.ClassificationB. IdentificationC. NomenclatureD. ExperimentationE. BiotechnologyLearning Objective: 1.13 Differentiate between the terms nomenclatureLearning Objective: taxonomy and classification.31.Which of the following is a taxon that contains all the other taxa listed?A. SpeciesB. PhylumC.KingdomD. GenusE. FamilyLearning Objective: 1.13 Differentiate between the terms nomenclatureLearning Objective: taxonomy and classification.32.The smallest and most significant taxon isA. GenusB.SpeciesC. KingdomD. FamilyE. PhylumLearning Objective: 1.13 Differentiate between the terms nomenclatureLearning Objective: taxonomy and classification.33.Select the correct descending taxonomic hierarchy (left to right).A. Family, order, classB.Family, genus, speciesC. Genus, species, familyD. Class, phylum, orderE. Kingdom, domain, phylumLearning Objective: 1.13 Differentiate between the terms nomenclatureLearning Objective: 1.14 Create a mnemonic device for remembering the taxonomic categories.Learning Objective: taxonomy and classification.34.Which of the following is a scientific name?A. Gram positive streptococcusB. StaphlococcusC.Streptococcus pyogenesD. AnthraxE. StreptobacilliLearning Objective: 1.15 Correctly write the binomial name for a microorganism.

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35.When assigning a scientific name to an organism,A. The species name is capitalizedB. The species name is placed firstC. The species name can be abbreviatedD. Both genus and species names are capitalizedE.Both genus and species names are italicized or underlinedLearning Objective: 1.15 Correctly write the binomial name for a microorganism.36.The study of evolutionary relationships among organisms is calledA. BiotechnologyB. GeneticsC. Recombinant DNAD.PhylogenyE. TaxonomyLearning Objective: 1.04 Differentiate between evolution and the theory of evolution.37.Which area of biology states that living things undergo gradual structural and functional changes overlong periods of time?A. MorphologyB. PhylogenyC.EvolutionD. GeneticsE. None of the choices is correctLearning Objective: 1.04 Differentiate between evolution and the theory of evolution.38.A scientist studying the sequence of nucleotides in the rRNA of a bacterial species is working onA.Determining evolutionary relatednessB. BioremediationC. Recombinant DNAD. NomenclatureE. Determining if that species is the cause of a new diseaseLearning Objective: 1.04 Differentiate between evolution and the theory of evolution.39.The scientist/s that proposed that organisms be assigned to one of 3 domains is/areA. Robert Koch and Louis PasteurB. Antonie van LeeuwenhoekC.Carl Woese and George FoxD. Robert WhittakerE. Francesco RediLearning Objective: 1.16 Draw a diagram of the three major domains.40.In Whittaker's system, the protozoa and algae are classified in the kingdomA. MoneraB.ProtistC. FungiD. PlantE. AnimalLearning Objective: none41.Which kingdom does not contain any eukaryotes?A.MoneraB. ProtistC. FungiD. PlantE. AnimalLearning Objective: none

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42.Who developed the first rabies vaccine in 1885?A.PasteurB. ListerC. LeeuwenhoekD. RediLearning Objective: 1.10 Make a timeline of the development of microbiology from the 1600s to today.43.Which scientific name is written correctly?A. Staphylococcus aureusB. staphylococcus aureusC. Staphylococcus AureusD.Staphylococcus aureusLearning Objective: 1.15 Correctly write the binomial name for a microorganism.44.Traditional approaches to taxonomy involved observation of visible morphological characteristics.Today, however, new molecular methods include the examination of:A. DNAB. rRNAC. proteinsD.All of theseLearning Objective: 1.17 Explain the difference between traditional and molecular approaches to taxonomy.True / False Questions45.A scientist studying helminths is working with bacteria.FALSELearning Objective: 1.01 List the various types of microorganisms.46.Members of the kingdom Fungi are photosynthetic.FALSELearning Objective: none47.The fossil record has established that prokaryotes existed on earth for approximately 2 billion yearsbefore eukaryotes appeared.TRUELearning Objective: none48.Many chronic conditions are found to be associated with microbial agents.TRUELearning Objective: 1.03 Describe the role and impact of microbes on earth.49.All microorganisms are parasites.FALSELearning Objective: 1.01 List the various types of microorganisms.Learning Objective: 1.03 Describe the role and impact of microbes on the earth.50.The scientific method involves formulating a tentative explanation, called the hypothesis, to accountfor what has been observed or measured.TRUELearning Objective: none51.A hypothesis must be tested many times before it can be considered a theory.TRUELearning Objective: 1.12 Explain what is important about the scientific method.52.The term sterile means free of all life forms.TRUELearning Objective: 1.12 Explain what is important about the scientific method.Learning Objective: none

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53.Members of the same species share many more characteristics compared to those shared by membersof the same kingdom.TRUELearning Objective: 1.13 Differentiate between the terms nomenclatureLearning Objective: 1.14 Create a mnemonic device for remembering the taxonomic categories.Learning Objective: taxonomy and classification.54.Once an organism is assigned to a particular taxonomic hierarchy, it is permanent and cannot berevised.FALSELearning Objective: none55.Viruses are not classified in any of Whittaker's 5 kingdoms.TRUELearning Objective: none56.The names of the three proposed Domains are: Bacteria, Protista, Eukarya.FALSELearning Objective: 1.16 Draw a diagram of the 3 major domains.57.One distinguishing characteristic of the archaebacteria is that they live in extreme environments.TRUELearning Objective: none58.Microbes have been found existing in salty, acidic lakes.TRUELearning Objective: 1.11 List some recent Microbiology discoveries of great impact.59.Researchers are trying to show if microbes can live in Antarctica glaciers perhaps they can live onplanets with similar conditions.TRUELearning Objective: 1.11 List some recent Microbiology discoveries of great impact.

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Chapter 001 The Main Themes of Microbiology SummaryCategory# of QuestionsLearning Objective: 1.01 List the various types of microorganisms.10Learning Objective: 1.02 Identify multiple types of professions using microbiology.3Learning Objective: 1.03 Describe the role and impact of microbes on earth.1Learning Objective: 1.03 Describe the role and impact of microbes on the earth.6Learning Objective: 1.04 Differentiate between evolution and the theory of evolution.3Learning Objective: 1.05 Explain the ways that humans manipulate organisms for their own uses.1Learning Objective: 1.06 Summarize the relative burden of human disease caused by microbes.2Learning Objective: 1.07 Differentiate between prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms.2Learning Objective: 1.08 Identify a 3rd type of microorganism.2Learning Objective: 1.09 Compare and contrast the relative sizes of the different microbes.1Learning Objective: 1.10 Make a timeline of the development of microbiology from the 1600s to today.5Learning Objective: 1.11 List some recent Microbiology discoveries of great impact.2Learning Objective: 1.12 Explain what is important about the scientific method.7Learning Objective: 1.13 Differentiate between the terms nomenclature7Learning Objective: 1.14 Create a mnemonic device for remembering the taxonomic categories.2Learning Objective: 1.15 Correctly write the binomial name for a microorganism.3Learning Objective: 1.16 Draw a diagram of the 3 major domains.1Learning Objective: 1.16 Draw a diagram of the three major domains.1Learning Objective: 1.17 Explain the difference between traditional and molecular approaches to taxonomy.1Learning Objective: none10Learning Objective: taxonomy and classification.7

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Chapter 002 The Chemistry of BiologyMultiple Choice Questions1.Anything that occupies space and has mass is calledA. AtomicB. LivingC. MatterD. EnergyE. Space2.The electrons of an atom areA. Always equal to the number of neutrons in an atomB. Found in the nucleusC. Used to determine atomic numberD. Positively chargedE. Moving in pathways called orbitals3.The electrons of an atom areA. Always equal to the number of protonsB. Used to determine the atomic weightC. Carrying a positive chargeD. Used to determine the atomic numberE. Always in full orbitals4.All of the following pertain to the atom carbon-14 exceptA. Has 6 protonsB. Has 6 electronsC. Has 14 neutronsD. Is an isotope of carbonE. All of the choices pertain to carbon-145.The subatomic particles that surround the nucleus are theA. ElectronsB. ProtonsC. NeutronsD. Protons and neutronsE. Protons and electrons6.Isotopes are atoms of the same element that differ in theirA. Neutron numberB. Electron numberC. Proton numberD. Atomic numberE. Chemical properties7.What is the maximum number of electrons in the second energy shell of an atom?A. 2B. 4C. 8D. 18E. 32

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8.What is the maximum number of electrons in the first energy shell of an atom?A. 2B. 4C. 8D. 18E. 329.Protons and neutrons make up the atom's central core referred to as itsA. Valence numberB. IsotopeC. NucleusD. Center of gravityE. None of the choices are correct10. The valence number is theA. Number of protonsB. Number of neutronsC. Atomic weightD. Number of inner most electronsE. Number of outer most electrons11. Two or more atoms bonded together are called a/anA. IonB. IsotopeC. ElementD. ElectrolyteE. Molecule12. What would be the valence number of electrons in the sulfur (S) atom?A. 2B. 6C. 8D. 16E. 3213. Polar molecules are composed of covalently bondedA. Identical atomsB. Carbon atomsC. IonsD. Atoms of different electro negativityE. Atoms of identical electro negativity14. Polar moleculesA. Have an equal charge distributionB. Have an unequal charge distributionC. Are insoluble in waterD. Always contain carbonE. Always involve oxygen15. Covalent bondsA. Result from losing electronsB. Are always polarC. Are always non-polarD. Result from sharing electronsE. Result from gaining electrons

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16. Cations are a(n)A. Charged subatomic particlesB. Atoms that have gained electronsC. Atoms that have gained neutronsD. Capable of forming ionic bonds with anionsE. Atoms without protons17. A reaction where an electron is lost is calledA. OxidationB. ReductionC. IonizationD. DecompositionE. Dissolution18. An atom has gained an electron. It has beenA. OxidizedB. ReducedC. IonizedD. DeionizedE. Neutralized19. Ionic bondsA. Result from sharing electronsB. Result from transferring electronsC. Results from like charge attractionD. Are the weakest chemical bondsE. Always involve carbon20. Hydrogen bondsA. Result from attractive forces between molecules with polar covalent bondsB. Result from attractive forces between molecules with polar ionic bondsC. Result from attractive forces between molecules with non-polar covalent bondsD. Result from attractive forces between molecules with non-polar ionic bondsE. Are the strongest bonds between molecules21. Atoms that gain or lose electrons become charged particles calledA. CationsB. AnionsC. IonsD. IsotopesE. All of the choices are correct22. Substances that release ions when dissolved in water and conduct electricity areA. CovalentB. NonpolarC. ElectronsD. ElectrolytesE. Solvents23. Which of the following represents a synthesis reaction?A. AB ® A + BB. A + B ® ABC. AB + XY ® AX + BYD. AB + XY « AX + BYE. None of the choices are correct

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24. Which of the following represents a reversible reaction?A. AB ® A + BB. A + B ® ABC. AB + XY ® AX + BYD. AB + XY « AX + BYE. None of the choices are correct25. The important solvent associated with living things isA. Carbon dioxideB. Sodium chlorideC. Ethyl alcoholD. BenzeneE. Water26. Ionic compounds areA. HydrophobicB. HydrophilicC. Are acidic in solutionD. Are basic in solutionE. Always form salts in solution27. A solution is composed of one or more substances called _____ that are uniformly dispersed in adissolving medium called a _____.A. Solvent, soluteB. Solute, solventC. Neither solvent, solute nor solute, solventD. Both solvent, solute and solute, solvent28. Which term does not belong in this list?A. Lactic acidB. VinegarC. Hydrogen ion donorD. PH 8E. Acidic29. A solution of pH 7 compared to a solution of pH 9A. Is more basicB. Has no OH-ionsC. Has more H+ionsD. Has a higher pHE. All of the choices are correct30. A solution of pH 7 compared to a solution of pH 9A. 2 times more acidicB. 20 times more acidicC. 20 times more basicD. 100 times more acidicE. 100 times more basic31. Which of the following functional groups is mismatched to the organic compound?A. Phosphate-carbohydratesB. Sulfhydryl-proteinsC. Amino-proteinsD. Hydroxyl-alcoholsE. Carboxyl-fatty acids

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32. Organic chemicals always have a basic framework of the element _____ bonded to other atoms.A. CarbonB. NitrogenC. OxygenD. HydrogenE. Phosphorous33. Most biochemical macromolecules are polymers, which areA. Chains of hydrophobic moleculesB. Chains of electrolytic moleculesC. Chains of repeating monomersD. Chains of repeating carbohydratesE. Chains of hydrogen bonds34. All of the following are monosaccharides exceptA. GlucoseB. GlycogenC. FructoseD. RiboseE. Deoxyribose35. Which of the following would have glycosidic bonds?A. TriglyceridesB. MonosaccharidesC. PolypeptidesD. PolysaccharidesE. ATP36. All of the following are polysaccharides exceptA. Dextran in some bacterial slime layersB. Agar used to make solid culture mediaC. A cell's glycocalyxD. Cellulose in certain cell wallsE. Prostaglandins in inflammation37. C6H12O6+ C6H12O6® C12H22O11+ H2O representsA. Formation of a peptide bondB. A decomposition reactionC. DenaturationD. Formation of a polysaccharideE. Dehydration synthesis38. Starch is the primary storage food for all of the following exceptA. Green plantsB. AlgaeC. AnimalsD. Some fungiE. All of these store food as starch39. All of the following are lipids exceptA. CholesterolB. StarchC. PhospholipidD. WaxE. Triglyceride

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40. What part of a phospholipid forms hydrophobic tails?A. Fatty acidsB. GlycerolC. PhosphateD. AlcoholE. All of the choices are correct41. A fat is called _____ if all carbons of the fatty acid chain are single bonded to 2 other carbons and 2hydrogens.A. UnsaturatedB. PolyunsaturatedC. MonounsaturatedD. SaturatedE. None of the choices are correct42. The lipid group that serves as energy storage molecules areA. ProstaglandinsB. WaxesC. PhospholipidsD. SteroidsE. Triglycerides43. The lipid group that is the major component of cell membranes are theA. ProstaglandinsB. WaxesC. PhospholipidsD. SteroidsE. Triglycerides44. The building blocks of an enzyme areA. NucleotidesB. Glycerol and fatty acidsC. MonosaccharidesD. Phosphate, glycerol, fatty acidsE. Amino acids45. An amino acid contains all of the following exceptA. An amino groupB. A carboxyl groupC. A variable R groupD. An a carbonE. A nitrogen base46. Which is not true about enzymes?A. Found in all cellsB. Are catalystsC. Participate in the cell's chemical reactionsD. Can be denaturated by heat and other agentsE. Have high-energy bonds between phosphates47. Which amino acid contains sulfur atoms that form covalent disulfide bonds in its tertiary structure?A. ValineB. CysteineC. SerineD. AlanineE. Tyrosine

Test Bank For Microbiology: A Systems Approach, 3rd Edition - Page 24 preview image

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48. What type of bonds are formed by dehydration synthesis between adjacent amino acids?A. GlycosilicB. EsterC. PeptideD. DisulfideE. Phosphate49. The a – helix is a type of _____ protein structure.A. PrimaryB. SecondaryC. TertiaryD. QuaternaryE. None of these50. One nucleotide containsA. One phosphateB. One pentose sugarC. One nitrogen baseD. All of the choices are correctE. None of the choices are correct51. Which pertains to DNA but not to RNA?A. Contains riboseB. Contains adenineC. Contains thymineD. Contains uracilE. Contains nucleotides52. ATP is best described asA. An enzymeB. A double helixC. An electron carrierD. The energy molecule of cellsE. All of the choices are correct53. A student forgot to label a beaker containing a DNA solution and a beaker containing a glucose solution.If chemical analysis was performed to identify the contents of each beaker, which of the following wouldbe found in the beaker of DNA but not in the beaker with glucose?A. Amino acidsB. Hydrogen and oxygen atomsC. Nitrogen and phosphorusD. Fatty acidsE. Carbon atoms54. Purines and pyrimidines are components in the building block units of allA. Nucleic acidsB. CarbohydratesC. PolysaccharidesD. Amino acidsE. Enzymes55. Which of the following is not a pyrimidine?A. UracilB. AdenineC. ThymineD. CytosineE. All of these are pyrimidines

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56. During protein synthesis, ____ RNA is made to be a copy of a gene from the DNA.A. TransferB. MessengerC. RibosomalD. All of the choices are correct57. Characteristics of shared by all cells include:A. a membrane serving as a cell boundaryB. the possession of genetic informationC. the presence of cellular fluidD. All of these58. An example of an amphipathic molecule found in living cells is:A. glucoseB. phospholipidC. proteinD. nucleic acids59. The purine___ always binds with the pyrimidine__ in DNA and RNA.A. guanine, cytosineB. cytosine, guanineC. adenine, guanineD. thymine, guanine60. You are asked to make a 1M solution of Sodium Bicarbonate or Baking Soda (NaHCO3) for a DNAextraction lab. How many gram(s) of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) should be added to 1L of water tomake the required solution? Use the table of atomic masses to help you.A. 29 gB. 62 gC. 84 gD. 91.1 gE.Element Atomic massH1.00C12.00O16.00Na23.00K39.1True / False Questions61. Elements have predictable chemical properties.TrueFalse62. Electrons that participate in chemical bonding are typically located closest to the nucleus.TrueFalse63. Water molecules are non-polar molecules.TrueFalse64. Polar molecules have more reactivity compared to non-polar molecules.TrueFalse65. A covalent bond is formed between an anion and a cation.TrueFalse66. Only charged atoms can form ionic bonds.TrueFalse

Test Bank For Microbiology: A Systems Approach, 3rd Edition - Page 26 preview image

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67. The concentration of a solution expresses the amount of solvent present.TrueFalse68. If solution A has a lower pH compared to solution B, then solution A is more acidic than solution B.TrueFalse69. The only part of an amino acid that differs from other amino acids is its R group.TrueFalse70. All proteins are enzymes.TrueFalse71. The most important outcome of polypeptide intra-chain bonding and folding is the unique shape of theprotein.TrueFalse72. Nucleic acids have primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary levels of organization.TrueFalse

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Chapter 002 The Chemistry of Biology KeyMultiple Choice Questions1.Anything that occupies space and has mass is calledA. AtomicB. LivingC.MatterD. EnergyE. SpaceLearning Objective: 2.01 Explain the relationship between atoms and elements.2.The electrons of an atom areA. Always equal to the number of neutrons in an atomB. Found in the nucleusC. Used to determine atomic numberD. Positively chargedE.Moving in pathways called orbitalsLearning Objective: 2.01 Explain the relationship between atoms and elements.3.The electrons of an atom areA.Always equal to the number of protonsB. Used to determine the atomic weightC. Carrying a positive chargeD. Used to determine the atomic numberE. Always in full orbitalsLearning Objective: 2.01 Explain the relationship between atoms and elements4.All of the following pertain to the atom carbon-14 exceptA. Has 6 protonsB. Has 6 electronsC.Has 14 neutronsD. Is an isotope of carbonE. All of the choices pertain to carbon-14Learning Objective: 2.01 Explain the relationship between atoms and elements5.The subatomic particles that surround the nucleus are theA.ElectronsB. ProtonsC. NeutronsD. Protons and neutronsE. Protons and electronsLearning Objective: 2.01 Explain the relationship between atoms and elements6.Isotopes are atoms of the same element that differ in theirA.Neutron numberB. Electron numberC. Proton numberD. Atomic numberE. Chemical propertiesLearning Objective: 2.01 Explain the relationship between atoms and elements

Test Bank For Microbiology: A Systems Approach, 3rd Edition - Page 28 preview image

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7.What is the maximum number of electrons in the second energy shell of an atom?A. 2B. 4C.8D. 18E. 32Learning Objective: 2.01 Explain the relationship between atoms and elements8.What is the maximum number of electrons in the first energy shell of an atom?A.2B. 4C. 8D. 18E. 32Learning Objective: 2.01 Explain the relationship between atoms and elements9.Protons and neutrons make up the atom's central core referred to as itsA. Valence numberB. IsotopeC.NucleusD. Center of gravityE. None of the choices are correctLearning Objective: 2.01 Explain the relationship between atoms and elements10.The valence number is theA. Number of protonsB. Number of neutronsC. Atomic weightD. Number of inner most electronsE.Number of outer most electronsLearning Objective: 2.01 Explain the relationship between atoms and elements11.Two or more atoms bonded together are called a/anA. IonB. IsotopeC. ElementD. ElectrolyteE.MoleculeLearning Objective: 2.02 List and define 4 types of chemical bonds.12.What would be the valence number of electrons in the sulfur (S) atom?A. 2B.6C. 8D. 16E. 32Learning Objective: 2.02 List and define 4 types of chemical bonds.13.Polar molecules are composed of covalently bondedA. Identical atomsB. Carbon atomsC. IonsD.Atoms of different electro negativityE. Atoms of identical electro negativityLearning Objective: 2.02 List and define 4 types of chemical bonds.

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14.Polar moleculesA. Have an equal charge distributionB.Have an unequal charge distributionC. Are insoluble in waterD. Always contain carbonE. Always involve oxygenLearning Objective: none15.Covalent bondsA. Result from losing electronsB. Are always polarC. Are always non-polarD.Result from sharing electronsE. Result from gaining electronsLearning Objective: 2.02 List and define 4 types of chemical bonds.16.Cations are a(n)A. Charged subatomic particlesB. Atoms that have gained electronsC. Atoms that have gained neutronsD.Capable of forming ionic bonds with anionsE. Atoms without protonsLearning Objective: 2.02 List and define 4 types of chemical bonds.17.A reaction where an electron is lost is calledA.OxidationB. ReductionC. IonizationD. DecompositionE. DissolutionLearning Objective: none18.An atom has gained an electron. It has beenA. OxidizedB.ReducedC. IonizedD. DeionizedE. NeutralizedLearning Objective: 2.02 List and define 4 types of chemical bonds.19.Ionic bondsA. Result from sharing electronsB.Result from transferring electronsC. Results from like charge attractionD. Are the weakest chemical bondsE. Always involve carbonLearning Objective: none20.Hydrogen bondsA.Result from attractive forces between molecules with polar covalent bondsB. Result from attractive forces between molecules with polar ionic bondsC. Result from attractive forces between molecules with non-polar covalent bondsD. Result from attractive forces between molecules with non-polar ionic bondsE. Are the strongest bonds between moleculesLearning Objective: 2.02 List and define 4 types of chemical bonds.

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21.Atoms that gain or lose electrons become charged particles calledA. CationsB. AnionsC.IonsD. IsotopesE. All of the choices are correctLearning Objective: 2.02 List and define 4 types of chemical bonds.22.Substances that release ions when dissolved in water and conduct electricity areA. CovalentB. NonpolarC. ElectronsD.ElectrolytesE. SolventsLearning Objective: 2.03 Differentiate between a solute and a solvent.23.Which of the following represents a synthesis reaction?A. AB ® A + BB.A + B ® ABC. AB + XY ® AX + BYD. AB + XY « AX + BYE. None of the choices are correctLearning Objective: none24.Which of the following represents a reversible reaction?A. AB ® A + BB. A + B ® ABC. AB + XY ® AX + BYD.AB + XY « AX + BYE. None of the choices are correctLearning Objective: none25.The important solvent associated with living things isA. Carbon dioxideB. Sodium chlorideC. Ethyl alcoholD. BenzeneE.WaterLearning Objective: 2.03 Differentiate between a solute and a solvent.26.Ionic compounds areA. HydrophobicB.HydrophilicC. Are acidic in solutionD. Are basic in solutionE. Always form salts in solutionLearning Objective: none27.A solution is composed of one or more substances called _____ that are uniformly dispersed in adissolving medium called a _____.A. Solvent, soluteB.Solute, solventC. Neither solvent, solute nor solute, solventD. Both solvent, solute and solute, solventLearning Objective: 2.03 Differentiate between a solute and a solvent.

Test Bank For Microbiology: A Systems Approach, 3rd Edition - Page 31 preview image

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28.Which term does not belong in this list?A. Lactic acidB. VinegarC. Hydrogen ion donorD.PH 8E. AcidicLearning Objective: 2.04 Give a brief definition of pH.29.A solution of pH 7 compared to a solution of pH 9A. Is more basicB. Has no OH-ionsC.Has more H+ionsD. Has a higher pHE. All of the choices are correctLearning Objective: 2.04 Give a brief definition of pH.30.A solution of pH 7 compared to a solution of pH 9A. 2 times more acidicB. 20 times more acidicC. 20 times more basicD.100 times more acidicE. 100 times more basicLearning Objective: 2.04 Give a brief definition of pH.31.Which of the following functional groups is mismatched to the organic compound?A.Phosphate-carbohydratesB. Sulfhydryl-proteinsC. Amino-proteinsD. Hydroxyl-alcoholsE. Carboxyl-fatty acidsLearning Objective: none32.Organic chemicals always have a basic framework of the element _____ bonded to other atoms.A.CarbonB. NitrogenC. OxygenD. HydrogenE. PhosphorousLearning Objective: none33.Most biochemical macromolecules are polymers, which areA. Chains of hydrophobic moleculesB. Chains of electrolytic moleculesC.Chains of repeating monomersD. Chains of repeating carbohydratesE. Chains of hydrogen bondsLearning Objective: none34.All of the following are monosaccharides exceptA. GlucoseB.GlycogenC. FructoseD. RiboseE. DeoxyriboseLearning Objective: 2.05 Name the 4 main families of biochemicals.

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