French I - Everyday Words and Phrases - Quick Guides | World Languages

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Study GuideFrench I–Everyday Words and Phrases1.Days and Dates in French1. Days, Months, and Seasons in French•In French,days of the week, months of the year, and seasons are masculine nouns.•Unlike English, they arenot capitalized, unless they appearat the beginning of asentence.Example:•lundi (Monday)•juillet (July)2. The French Calendar Starts on MondayFrench calendars begin withMonday as the first day of the week, not Sunday.This is important to remember whenreading schedules or making appointments in French-speaking countries.3. Days of the Week in French

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Study Guide4. Months of the Year in French

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Study GuideHow to Express Dates in French5. Basic Date StructureFrench dates usually follow this order:(le) + day + (le) number + month + yearThe word“le” (the)can appear in different places or may sometimes be omitted.Example:

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Study GuideJuly 11, 2001 can be written as:•lundi onze juillet 2001•lundi le onze juillet 2001•le lundi onze juillet 2001All of these forms are correct.6. Special Rule for the First Day of the MonthFrench usespremier (first)only for thefirst day of the month.For all other dates,cardinal numbersare used.Examples:•lepremier avril(April 1st)•ledeux mars(March 2nd)•leneuf juin(June 9th)7. How Years Are Said in FrenchYears are usually expressedin hundreds, similar to English.Examples:•1999odix-neuf cent quatre-vingt-dix-neufomil neuf cent quatre-vingt-dix-neuf•2000odeux mille8. Writing Dates with NumbersWhen writing dates using numbers, French follows the order:day + month + year

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Study GuideExample:•le 3 mai 2001(May 3, 2001)•Written numerically:3/5/01This is different from the American format5/3/01.Understanding the Words for “Year”French hastwo words for “year”:1. anUsed withnumbers or ordinal numbers.Example:•un an(one year)2. annéeUsed when the wordyear is described by an adjective.Examples:•une année(a year)•six bonnes années(six good years)•quelques années(some years)Sometimeseither word can be used.Examples:•l'an dernier(last year)•l'année dernière(last year)Using Prepositions with Dates1. Saying “On” a DayFrench usesthe definite article “le”to express“on” a day.Example:

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Study Guide•Le lundi je vais en ville.(On Mondays, I go downtown.)2. Saying “On” or “Of” in DatesEnglish often uses“on” or “of”, but Frenchdoes not include these words.Examples:•Il arrive le quatorze septembre.(He arrives on September 14th.)•Nous partons le quinze avril.(We leave on the 15th of April.)3. Saying “In” a MonthUse the prepositionenbefore months.Example:•Je voyage en juillet.(I travel in July.)Asking About the Day or DateYou can use the following questions to ask abouttoday’s day or date.You can also replaceaujourd’hui (today)with another day or event.Asking the Day•Quel jour est-ceaujourd’hui ?What day is today?•Quel jour sommes-nous aujourd’hui ?What day is today?

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Study GuidePossible answer:•C’est aujourd’hui…(Today is…)Asking the Date•Quelle est la date d’aujourd’hui ?What is today’s date?Possible answer:•C’est aujourd’hui…(Today is…)Helpful Time ExpressionsSome useful French expressions related to time include:

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Study Guide

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Study GuideThese expressions help you talk abouttime periods, past events, and future plans.Key TakeawayTo talk about dates in French, remember thatdays and months are masculine and not capitalized,thecalendar starts on Monday, and thedate format is day + month + year. Usepremier only forthe first day of the month,en with months, andle to express “on” a specific day. Learningcommontime expressionswill also help you speak about past, present, and future events morenaturally.2.Telling Time in French1. Asking and Answering the TimeWhen talking about time in French, there are two very common questions you should know.Asking the current time:•Quelle heure est-il ?→What time is it?•Il est…→It is…

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Study GuideExample:•Quelle heure est-il ?•Il est trois heures.(It is 3:00.)Asking about a specific time:•À quelle heure… ?→At what time…?•À…→At…Example:•À quelle heure arrives-tu ?•À huit heures.(At 8:00.)2. Expressing Time After the HourTo talk about minutesafter the hour, simply add the number of minutes after the hour.

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