Test Bank For Human Anatomy and Physiology Laboratory Manual, Cat version, 13th Edition

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Test Bank For Human Anatomy and Physiology Laboratory Manual, Cat version, 13th Edition - Page 1 preview image

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MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.1)In anatomical position, the ________.A)feet are slightly apart, and the toes point forwardB)head is turned to the sideC)human is sittingD)upper limbs hang in a natural position at the side of the bodyAnswer:A2)Which region is visible only on the posterior/dorsal body surface?A)patellarB)calcanealC)mammaryD)buccalAnswer:B3)The term femoral pertains to the ________.A)thighB)armC)forearmD)legAnswer:A4)The mammary region is ________ to the sternal region.A)superiorB)medialC)inferiorD)lateralAnswer:D5)The ________ surface of the human body faces forward.A)inferiorB)superiorC)dorsalD)ventralAnswer:D6)The ________ plane divides the body into superior and inferior parts.A)transverseB)parasagittalC)frontal (coronal)D)sagittal (medial)Answer:A7)When you open the abdominal cavity of your dissection specimen, you realize that the kidneys are ________ tothe intestines.A)proximalB)deepC)medialD)ventralAnswer:B8)The frontal plane divides the body into ________.A)right and left partsB)anterior and posterior partsC)superior and inferior partsAnswer:B9)This organ is found in the thoracic cavity.A)small intestineB)stomachC)lungD)liverAnswer:C10)This serous membrane lines the walls of the abdominal cavity and covers its organs.A)pleuraB)peritoneumC)pericardiumAnswer:B11)Pericardium surrounds the ________.A)heartB)brainC)lungsD)intestinesAnswer:A1

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12)It is useful to divide this body cavity into quadrants for study because it is large and contains many organs.A)abdominopelvicB)cranialC)vertebralD)thoracicAnswer:A13)The stomach is found primarily in the ________ quadrant of the abdominopelvic cavity.A)left lowerB)right upperC)left upperD)right lowerAnswer:C14)Of the nine regions used by anatomists to divide the abdominopelvic cavity, this one is most superior andmedial.A)umbilicalB)hypogastricC)epigastricD)lumbarAnswer:C15)This small body cavity in the head holds the eyes.A)orbitalB)middle earC)oralD)nasalAnswer:A16)The umbilical region of the human is on the ________ surface, and the umbilical region of the dog is on the________ surface.A)anterior, inferiorB)posterior, inferiorC)anterior, superiorD)posterior, superiorAnswer:A17)A patient has a bruise on the ventral surface of the upper limb just distal to the antecubital region. It is locatedon the ________.A)posterior forearmB)anterior armC)posterior armD)anterior forearmAnswer:D18)This set of body terms for orientation and direction depends on anatomical position; the terms have differentmeanings for humans and four-legged animals.A)proximal/distalB)dorsal/ventralC)anterior/posteriorD)medial/lateralAnswer:C19)The diaphragm is a physical separation between the abdominal and pelvic cavities.A)TrueB)FalseAnswer:B20)If you look at an MRI scan that is oval in shape and you can see the liver, vertebra, and spleen, this scan wasmade in the ________ plane.A)frontalB)transverseC)sagittalAnswer:B21)These structures are seen in a midsagittal section of the human.A)trachea, lungB)nose, umbilicus (navel)C)stomach, kidneyD)ribs, thighAnswer:B22)Which type of section passes through the cranial, vertebral (spinal), thoracic, and abdominopelvic cavities?A)midsagittal (medial)B)frontalC)transverseAnswer:A2

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23)This body cavity doesnothave a bony protection.A)cranialB)thoracicC)vertebralD)abdominopelvicAnswer:D24)The spinal cord is found in this body cavity.A)vertebralB)thorax and abdominopelvicC)cranialD)thoraxAnswer:A25)These two organs are found in the thorax.A)heart and liverB)lungs and stomachC)heart and lungsD)liver and stomachAnswer:C26)Damage to this serous membrane can cause the lungs to collapse.A)pleuraB)peritoneumC)pericardiumAnswer:A27)The urinary bladder, found in the ________ region of the abdominopelvic cavity, is evenly divided between thetwo ________ abdominopelvic quadrants.A)hypogastric, lowerB)umbilical, upperC)epigastric, lowerD)iliac, upperAnswer:A28)________ is found in the right hypochondriac region.A)The appendixB)The liverC)Most of the small intestineD)The right lungAnswer:B29)The visceral pleura lines the ________.A)lungsB)digestive organsC)thoracic cavityD)heartAnswer:C30)The oral cavity is a part of which body system?A)respiratoryB)urinaryC)nervousD)digestiveAnswer:D3

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MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.1)Which of the following is an organ system?A)heartB)brainC)lungsD)urinaryAnswer:D2)Bones and joints belong to this organ system.A)skeletalB)urinaryC)muscularD)nervousAnswer:A3)The stomach belongs to this organ system.A)reproductiveB)respiratoryC)cardiovascularD)digestiveAnswer:D4)The thyroid gland belongs to this organ system.A)lymphatic/immunityB)nervousC)endocrineD)respiratoryAnswer:C5)The cardiovascular system ________.A)eliminates nitrogenous wastes from the bodyB)cleanses the blood of pathogens and other debrisC)promotes growth and developmentD)transports blood throughout the bodyAnswer:D6)The integumentary system ________.A)contributes to the acid-base balance of the bloodB)breaks down ingested foodC)is a site for blood-cell formationD)protects the deep organs from injury and drying outAnswer:D7)The respiratory system ________.A)continuously supplies oxygen to the blood while removing carbon dioxideB)delivers oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients and hormones to cells of the bodyC)cleanses the blood of pathogens and debrisD)rids the body of urea, uric acid, and ammoniaAnswer:A8)Name the body system that eliminates nitrogen-containing wastes from the body.A)respiratoryB)circulatoryC)digestiveD)urinaryAnswer:D9)The major function of this body system is to keep us healthy by protecting us from foreign substances andpathogens.A)urinaryB)lymphatic/immunityC)respiratoryD)cardiovascularAnswer:B1

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10)This body system consists of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves and maintains homeostasis by generatingelectrical signals.A)endocrineB)urinaryC)cardiovascularD)nervousAnswer:D11)This organ is a large muscular tube that ends at the anus.A)small intestineB)esophagusC)large intestineD)tracheaAnswer:C12)These organs belong to two organ systems.A)bladder and uretersB)nerves and spinal cordC)ovaries and testesD)larynx and tracheaAnswer:C13)The pancreas belongs to the endocrine system, and is an accessory organ of this organ system.A)reproductiveB)nervousC)lymphaticD)digestiveAnswer:D14)The ________ and ________ are part of the respiratory system.A)bronchi, thymusB)testes, ovariesC)alveoli, tracheaD)lungs, esophagusAnswer:C15)The spleen, thymus, and tonsils are all part of the ________ system.A)endocrineB)cardiovascularC)respiratoryD)lymphatic/immuneAnswer:D16)The major organs of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, the heart and lungs, reside in the ________cavity.A)abdominopelvicB)thoracicC)spinalD)cranialAnswer:B17)The major organs of this system allow you to draw, play tennis, dance, and frown.A)cardiovascularB)nervousC)skeletalD)muscularAnswer:D18)Which two body systems contribute to acid-base balance of blood?A)respiratory and endocrineB)nervous and urinaryC)cardiovascular and endocrineD)urinary and respiratoryAnswer:D19)This body system is an essential companion to the cardiovascular system because it picks up leaked fluid fromthe blood vessels and returns it to the blood.A)endocrineB)digestiveC)lymphatic/immunityD)urinaryAnswer:C20)Hormones are chemical messengers produced by the ________ system that helps in maintaining homeostasis.A)urinaryB)nervousC)endocrineD)cardiovascularAnswer:C2

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MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.1)The ________ of the microscope carries three or four objective lenses.A)nosepieceB)ocularC)armD)baseAnswer:A2)The ________ is a substage lens that concentrates light on the specimen.A)condenserB)light sourceC)iris diaphragm leverD)objective lensAnswer:A3)When observing a slide under a microscope, begin focusing with the ________-power objective lens in place.A)midrangeB)highestC)lowestAnswer:C4)To transport a microscope, hold it ________.A)cradled in both armsB)close to your body with one arm and cover the top of it with your other armC)upright, with one hand on its arm and the other hand supporting its baseD)horizontally, with one hand supporting the objective lensesAnswer:C5)The total magnification of an object can be found by ________.A)multiplying the power of the objective lens by the power of the ocular lensB)multiplying the power of the objective lens by the number of objective lenses on your microscopeC)dividing the power of the objective lens by the power of the ocular lensD)adding the power of the objective lens and the power of the ocular lensAnswer:A6)The ability to discriminate two close objects as separate is called ________.A)parfocalB)virtual imageC)working distanceD)resolution (or resolving power)Answer:D7)The microscope field is the ________.A)area you see through the lenses of the microscopeB)space near the microscope where you sitC)platform on which the slide restsD)area in which you place the microscopeAnswer:A8)The working distance for a 10×objective lens is ________.A)a little bit greater than the working distance for the 100×objective lensB)much less than the working distance for the 100×objective lensC)much greater than the working distance for the 100×objective lensD)a little bit less than the working distance for the 100×objective lensAnswer:C1

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9)Microscope specimens have depth, as well as length and width. If you are focused on the middle layer of cellsand wish to see the top layer of cells clearly, you should move the ________.A)slide toward or away from youB)lens further away from the slideC)slide to the left or rightD)lens closer to the slideAnswer:B10)This is the formula for calculating the diameter of an unknown microscope field.A)diameter of field A×total magnification of field A=diameter of field B×total magnification of field BB)diameter of field A+diameter of field B=total magnification of field A+total magnification of field BC)diameter of field A×diameter of field B=total magnification of field A×total magnification of field BD)diameter of field A+total magnification of field A=diameter of field B+total magnification of field BAnswer:A11)Before putting away the microscope in the storage cabinet you must observe all of the followingexcept________.A)wrap the cord around the microscopeB)clean the lensesC)remove the slide from the stageD)rotate the highest power objective lens in positionAnswer:D12)When you want to study a slide under the microscope, you place it on the ________.A)headB)stageC)armD)baseAnswer:B13)When using the higher power objective lenses, you would use this part of the microscope to focus the specimen.A)fine adjustment knobB)course adjustment knobC)iris diaphragm leverAnswer:A14)You have learned that the objective lens magnifies the object on the slide, producing the ________ image, andthat the ocular lens magnifies that image, forming the ________ image.A)ocular, objectiveB)virtual, ocularC)objective, realD)real, virtualAnswer:D15)You begin your observations using the ________ lens and the ________ adjustment knob.A)lowest-power, coarseB)midrange-power, coarseC)highest-power, fineD)midrange-power, fineAnswer:A16)You are observing the letter "e" under a compound microscope. Which of the following indicates how the imageappears as you view it through the ocular lens?A)eB)ˬC)̈D)ܫAnswer:B17)If your ocular lens is 10×, and you are using your 45×objective lens to view a slide, the total magnification is________.A)250×B)450×C)55×D)90×Answer:B2

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18)As you increase the total magnification of the specimen, the size of the field ________.A)decreasesB)remains the sameC)increasesAnswer:A19)As you increase the total magnification of the specimen, the working distance ________.A)decreasesB)remains the sameC)increasesAnswer:A20)If the diameter of your microscope field is 1 mm at low power (10×) and your ocular lens is 10×, then what is thediameter of your field when you switch to the 50×objective lens?A)0.02 mmB)2 mmC)0.002 mmD)0.2 mmAnswer:D21)If a circular object seen in your low-power field (diameter 1 mm) occupies about 1/4 of the diameter of the field,the object's diameter is about ________.A)2.5 μmB)0.25 μmC)250 μmD)25 μmAnswer:C22)You are looking at a slide of three crossed threads. Yellow is on the bottom, blue is in the middle, and red is onthe top. When you rotate the adjustment knob forward (away from you) on your microscope, the stage rises.You move the adjustment knob to focus on the middle thread. As you rotate the adjustment knob forward,which color thread will come into focus next?A)redB)blueC)yellowAnswer:C23)As total magnification increases, the depth of field ________.A)increasesB)decreasesC)remains the sameAnswer:B24)You prepare a wet mount of your own cheek cells and place it under the microscope, but find that you cannotsee any detail of the cells. What can you do to make details more visible?A)view at a higher powerB)view at a lower powerC)prepare another slide and stain with methylene blueD)increase light intensityAnswer:C25)You are looking at very lightly stained cells under the microscope, and you want to increase the contrast so thatyou can see them "better." You ________ the iris diaphragm to ________ the light.A)open, dimB)close, increaseC)open, increaseD)close, dimAnswer:D3

Test Bank For Human Anatomy and Physiology Laboratory Manual, Cat version, 13th Edition - Page 10 preview image

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MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.1)The nucleus, plasma membrane and ________ are the three major regions of cells that can readily be seen with alight microscope.A)cytosolB)cell fluidC)cytoplasmD)organellesAnswer:C2)The nucleus of the cell contains its genes, which are sections of ________.A)RNAB)DNAC)DRAD)TNAAnswer:B3)The plasma membrane allows nutrients to enter the cell and keeps undesirable substances out of the cell. It alsoallows wastes to pass out of the cell and keeps valuable cell proteins inside the cell. This property is called________.A)checking and balancingB)impermeabilityC)selective permeabilityD)resistive permeabilityAnswer:C4)Which of the following isnotconsidered to be a cytoskeletal element?A)intermediate filamentsB)centriolesC)microfilamentsD)microtubulesAnswer:B5)This organelle digests other worn-out organelles and foreign substances that have entered the cell.A)Golgi apparatusB)peroxisomeC)endoplasmic reticulumD)lysosomeAnswer:D6)This organelle stores and transports proteins, and synthesizes phospholipids and cholesterol.A)mitochondrionB)centrioleC)microtubuleD)endoplasmic reticulumAnswer:D7)This membranous organelle resembles a stack of flattened sacs with bulbous ends and associated vesicles.A)Golgi apparatusB)rough endoplasmic reticulumC)lysosomesD)smooth endoplasmic reticulumAnswer:A8)Name the rod-shaped organelles that have a double-membrane wall and that oxidize foodstuffs to make ATP.A)mitochondriaB)lysosomesC)ribosomesD)rough endoplasmic reticulumAnswer:A9)Ribosomes/ribosomal subunits are found ________.A)inside mitochondriaB)associated with coiled DNA of chromosomesC)attached to the Golgi apparatusD)free in the cytoplasmAnswer:D1

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10)________ molecules form the major component of the plasma membrane and are arranged in the form of abilayer.A)PhospholipidB)ProteinC)Sugar (carbohydrates)D)CholesterolAnswer:A11)The division of human cells consists of a series of events, collectively called ________, or nuclear division, and________, or division of the cytoplasm.A)prophase, telophaseB)mitosis, cytokinesisC)mitosis, interphaseD)meiosis, mitosisAnswer:B12)During this phase of mitosis, the mitotic spindle forms and the nuclear envelope fragments.A)telophaseB)metaphaseC)anaphaseD)prophaseAnswer:D13)During ________, the shortest phase of mitosis, chromosomes are pulled toward the poles of the cell.A)telophaseB)anaphaseC)metaphaseD)prophaseAnswer:B14)________ carry out specific functions inside cells, whereas ________ store glycogen, lipids, pigments, and othersubstances.A)Organelles, genesB)Inclusions, mitochondriaC)Organelles, inclusionsD)Golgi apparatus, organellesAnswer:C15)________ are tiny finger like projections on some cell surfaces that increase the surface area for absorption ofmaterials.A)CiliaB)FlagellaC)MicrovilliD)MicrotubulesAnswer:C16)These small bodies are found inside the nucleus of the cell. Made of proteins and RNA, these structuresassemble ribosomes. They are ________.A)nucleosB)nuclear porosesC)nucleoliD)nuclear envelopesAnswer:C17)This organelle is particularly important during cell division. It directs the formation of the mitotic spindle.A)microtubuleB)mitochondrionC)endoplasmic reticulumD)centrioleAnswer:D18)________ are membranous sacs that detoxify harmful chemicals.A)PeroxisomesB)Golgi apparatusC)Rough endoplasmic reticulumD)LysosomesAnswer:A19)________ is/are a contractile ring of actin microfilaments that eventually results in the division of the cytoplasm.A)Kinetochore microfilamentsB)Mitotic spindleC)CentriolesD)Cleavage furrowAnswer:D2

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20)Only one human cell has a flagellum. This specialization allows the cell to propel itself forward. It is a ________.A)sperm cellB)simple squamous epithelial cellC)smooth muscle cellD)red blood cellAnswer:A21)The small size and biconcave shape of this cell gives it flexibility and allows its easy passage through smallchannels. It is a ________.A)smooth muscle cellB)simple squamous epithelial cellC)sperm cellD)red blood cellAnswer:D22)From the time it is formed until it reproduces, the cell undergoes growth and carries out its functions in thebody. What is the name for this portion of the cell's life cycle?A)growth and developmentB)interphaseC)life phaseD)functional phaseAnswer:B23)The end product of cell division by mitosis is ________.A)2 genetically identical daughter cellsB)2 daughter cells that have different genesC)4 daughter cells, each with unique genesD)4 genetically identical daughter cellsAnswer:A24)You are observing a slide that contains cells undergoing cell division, and you have focused on a cell that hasdarkly staining X-shaped chromosomes that appear loose throughout the cell. You cannot see a nuclearenvelope. This cell is in ________.A)interphaseB)anaphaseC)prophaseD)telophaseAnswer:C25)What eventimmediatelyprecedes anaphase?A)The mitotic spindle forms.B)DNA replicates.C)Chromosomes cluster at the midline of the cell.D)The nuclear envelope forms around chromatin.Answer:C26)In which phase(s) of mitosis do the chromosomes contain a single copy of DNA?A)telophase and anaphaseB)metaphaseC)prophase and metaphaseD)prophaseAnswer:A3

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MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.1)Select the statement about selective (or differential) permeability that isfalse.A)It allows nutrients to enter cells.B)It keeps cellular wastes inside cells.C)It keeps valuable proteins inside cells.D)It prevents undesirable wastes from entering cells.Answer:B2)Membrane transport may be passive or active. Select the active process from the list below.A)phagocytosisB)osmosisC)filtrationD)simple diffusionAnswer:A3)A membrane transport process is active if it requires ________.A)energy provided by ATPB)a concentration gradientC)a pressure differenceD)kinetic energy of moleculesAnswer:A4)These molecules move through the lipid portion of the plasma membrane by simple diffusion.A)CO2and O2B)glucoseC)Na+and Cl-D)K+and Ca2+Answer:A5)Which substance uses a carrier protein to cross the plasma membrane by facilitated diffusion?A)Na+ionsB)waterC)glucoseD)Cl-ionsAnswer:C6)Which of the following istrueabout osmosis?A)Water may move up or down a concentration gradient during osmosis.B)Osmosis is the flow of water across a plasma membrane.C)Osmosis occurs when the concentration of water is the same as the concentration of solutes.D)Solutes always accompany the movement of water during osmosis.Answer:B7)A solution is said to be isotonic if it contains ________.A)fewer nonpenetrating solute particles than the interior of cellsB)the same number of nonpenetrating solute particles as the interior of cellsC)more nonpenetrating solute particles than the interior of cellsAnswer:B8)Red blood cells placed in a hypotonic solution will ________.A)gain water and undergo crenationB)gain water and undergo hemolysisC)lose water and undergo hemolysisD)lose water and undergo crenationAnswer:B9)The force that causes water and solutes to cross cell membranes byfiltrationis ________.A)a concentration gradientB)energy provided by ATPC)hydrostatic pressureD)kinetic energy of moleculesAnswer:C1

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10)In this organ, filtration is the important first step in producing urine.A)lungB)liverC)heartD)kidneyAnswer:D11)Filtration is a non-selective, passive process in which water and solutes are forced through a membrane byhydrostatic pressure. The following property limits movement of some solutes.A)hydrophilic or hydrophobic nature of solutesB)temperature of the fluidC)tonicity of the solution being filteredD)size of the membrane poresAnswer:D12)Which statement about vesicular transport istrue?A)Pinocytosis is used to take liquids into a cell.B)Phagocytosis is used to move cell wastes out of the cell.C)Endocytosis transports particles/molecules out of the cell.D)Exocytosis transports particles/molecules into the cell.Answer:A13)Red blood cells placed in 5% sodium chloride solution will ________.A)gain water and undergo crenationB)lose water and undergo hemolysisC)lose water and undergo crenationD)gain water and undergo hemolysisAnswer:C14)Which of the following statements istrue?A)Active processes move molecules along a concentration gradient.B)Passive processes move molecules against a concentration gradient.C)Passive processes require ATP.D)Active processes require ATP.Answer:D15)Two important passive processes for membrane transport are ________.A)exocytosis and phagocytosisB)diffusion and filtrationC)facilitated diffusion and active transportD)pinocytosis and receptor-mediated endocytosisAnswer:B16)In comparing simple diffusion to facilitated diffusion, you note that ________.A)both require ATPB)both require a specific carrier or protein channelC)both can move substances up, as well as down, a concentration gradientD)both require a concentration gradientAnswer:D17)A(n) ________ in molecular size and a(n) ________ in temperature result in an increased rate of diffusion.A)decrease, decreaseB)decrease, increaseC)increase, decreaseD)increase, increaseAnswer:B2

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18)Active processes ________.A)include osmosisB)move substances against (up) a concentration and/or electrical gradientC)require a hydrostatic pressure gradientD)move fats and respiratory gases through cell membranesAnswer:B19)Molecule A has a molecular weight of 175 and Molecule B has a molecular weight of 450. A 0.1 M solution ofeach is placed on agar gel. Which molecule will diffuse more rapidly through the agar?A)molecule AB)molecule BC)They will move at the same rate.Answer:A20)Does potassium permanganate diffuse more rapidly through water or through agar gel? Why?A)It diffuses more rapidly through water, because there are no particles to slow the movement of dye.B)It diffuses more rapidly through agar, because there are channels in agar that help the dye solution tomove.C)It diffuses more rapidly through water, because there are more particles for the dye to bounce off of.D)It diffuses more rapidly through agar, because water attracts the dye molecules and slows theirmovement.Answer:A21)A dialysis sac that is permeable to glucose and water is filled with water and placed in a beaker containing 20%glucose solution. Will there be a net transport of glucose across the dialysis sac? If so, in which direction will theglucose move, into the sac or out of the sac?A)Yes, glucose will move into the sac.B)Yes, glucose will move out of the sac.C)There is no net movement, but glucose will move back and forth across the membrane.D)No, there is no force to drive glucose across the membrane.Answer:A22)A dialysis sac that is permeable to glucose and water is filled with water and placed in a beaker containing 20%glucose solution. Will there be a net transport of water across the dialysis sac? If so, in which direction will thewater move, into the sac or out of the sac?A)There is no net movement, but water will move back and forth across the membrane.B)No, there is no force to drive the water across the membrane.C)Yes, water will move into the sac.D)Yes, water will move out of the sac.Answer:D23)In healthy people, it is good practice to use isotonic solutions for injections into veins of the circulatory systembecause ________.A)hypertonic solutions cause red blood cells to swell and lyseB)isotonic solutions maintain the normal volume and function of red blood cellsC)hypotonic solutions cause red blood cells to crenateAnswer:B3

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24)In the body, filtration is important in moving ________.A)fluid and solutes out of the capillaries and into the kidney tubulesB)blood around the circulatory systemC)lymph fluid through lymph vesselsD)all of theseAnswer:A25)Which of the following endocytotic processes is important for moving fluid into cells?A)pinocytosisB)receptor-mediated endocytosis for waterC)phagocytosisD)receptor-mediated endocytosis for hormonesAnswer:A26)The following substances enter cells by receptor-mediated endocytosis.A)liquids containing protein or fatB)glucose and amino acidsC)cholesterol and ironD)Na+and Cl-ionsAnswer:C4

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