Study GuideU.S. History I–Seventeenth Century ColonialSettlements1.New England ColoniesThe New England colonies were primarily founded forreligious reasons, but the ideals of religiousfreedom were limited and often applied only to those who shared the founders’ beliefs.1.1Religious Motivation and Puritan Ideals•The main settlers werePuritans, who wanted to“purify” the Church of Englandfrompractices they considered too Catholic.•Puritans supported acongregationalist church structure, where each church was largelyself-governing, rather than the hierarchical episcopal system of England.•Separatists, a more radical group, wanted acomplete break from the Anglican Church.They first moved to the Netherlands for tolerance but later sailed to North America aboard theMayflower in 1620, becoming thePilgrims.1.2Plymouth Colony•Pilgrims landed insouthern Massachusetts, outside the Virginia Company’s jurisdiction.•They signed theMayflower Compact, establishing a civil government under the English king.•Plymouth faceddisease, starvation, and harsh conditions.•Relations with Native Americans weremixed; while the “First Thanksgiving” is rememberedas peaceful, the Pilgrims sometimes used force to control local tribes.•Plymouth grew slowly, trading furs and raising maize.Preview Mode
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