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Business Statistics in Practice: Using Data, Modeling, and Analytics, 8th Edition Solution Manual - Document preview page 1

Business Statistics in Practice: Using Data, Modeling, and Analytics, 8th Edition Solution Manual - Page 1

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Business Statistics in Practice: Using Data, Modeling, and Analytics, 8th Edition Solution Manual

Gain in-depth subject knowledge with Business Statistics in Practice: Using Data, Modeling, and Analytics, 8th Edition Solution Manual, a must-have textbook companion.

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Business Statistics in Practice: Using Data, Modeling, and Analytics, 8th Edition Solution Manual - Page 1 preview imageChapter 01-An Introduction to Business Statistics1-1CHAPTER 1An Introduction to Business Statistics1.1Any characteristic of a population unit is called a variable.Quantitative: values on the real number line.Qualitative: record unit into categories.L01-01, L01-021.2a.Quantitative; dollar amounts correspond to values on the real number line.b.Quantitative; net profit is a dollar amount.c.Qualitative; which stock exchange is a category.d.Quantitative; national debt is a dollar amount.e.Qualitative; media is categorized into radio, television, or print.L01-021.3Cross sectional data are collected at approximately the same point in time whereas time seriesdata are collected over different time periods.The total number of cars sold in 2009 by 10 different sales people are cross sectional data.The total number of cars sold by a particular sales person for the years 20052009 are timeseries data.L01-031.4The response variable is whether or not the person has cancer. The factors or independentvariables are age, sex, occupation, and number of cigarettes smoked per day. This is anobservational study.L01-051.5$398,000L01-011.6Diamond: Lake Lot$494,000Rudy: Lake Lot $447,000L01-01
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Business Statistics in Practice: Using Data, Modeling, and Analytics, 8th Edition Solution Manual - Page 2 preview image
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Business Statistics in Practice: Using Data, Modeling, and Analytics, 8th Edition Solution Manual - Page 3 preview imageChapter 01-An Introduction to Business Statistics1-21.7This chart showssales are increasing over time.L01-041.8A population is a set of existing units.Consumers utilizing a particular product.L01-061.9Census: examine all of the population units.Sample: subset of the units in a population.L01-061.10Descriptive statistics: science of describing the important aspects of a set of measurements.Statistical inference: science of using a sample of measurements to make generalizations aboutthe important aspects of a population of measurements.L01-071.11A process is a series of operations that take input(s) and generate output(s).L01-061.12Most of the scores would fall between 36 and 48 because 36 is the smallest score in the sampleand 48 is the largest score in the sample. An estimate of the proportion of scores that would beat least 42 is 46/65 = 0.708 because 46 of the 65 sample scores are at least 42.L01-081.13Most waiting times will be from0.4 to 11.6 minutes. An estimate of the proportion of waitingtimes less than 6 minutes is found by counting the number of customers with waiting times0100200300400500123456789101112131415161718192021222324SalesBismark X-12 Calculator MonthlySales
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Business Statistics in Practice: Using Data, Modeling, and Analytics, 8th Edition Solution Manual - Page 4 preview imageChapter 01-An Introduction to Business Statistics1-3less than 6 minutes and dividing by the total of 100 customers..6.10060=L01-081.14Most breaking strengths will be between 46.8 lbs and 54 lbs.L01-081.15A ratio variable is a quantitative variable measured on a scale such that ratios of values of thevariables are meaningful and there is an inherently defined zero value. An interval variable isa quantitative variable such that ratios of values of the variable are not meaningful and there isnot an inherently defined zero value.L01-091.16An ordinal variable is a qualitative variable such that there is ameaningful ordering, orranking, of the categories. A nominativevariable is a qualitative variable such that there is nomeaningful ordering, or ranking, of the categories.L01-091.17Ordinal, nominative, ordinal, nominative, ordinal, and nominative.L01-091.18Nominative, ordinal, ordinal, ordinal, nominative, and nominative.L01-091.191301351401451501551601651701751801357911131517192123252729313335373941434547Coffee Temperature in Degrees F
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Business Statistics in Practice: Using Data, Modeling, and Analytics, 8th Edition Solution Manual - Page 5 preview imageChapter 01-An Introduction to Business Statistics1-4Basing the limits on the minimum and maximum temperatures observed, the lower limit is146degrees and the upper limit is 173degrees.L01-04, L01-081.20The process is not in statistical control and the higher percentages of people waiting too longoccur early in the week. A potential solution is tostaff at a higher level early in the week.L01-04
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Business Statistics in Practice: Using Data, Modeling, and Analytics, 8th Edition Solution Manual - Page 6 preview imageChapter 02-Descriptive Statistics: Tabular and Graphical Methods2-1CHAPTER 2Descriptive Statistics: Tabular and Graphical Methods2.1Constructing either a frequency or a relative frequency distribution helps identify and quantifypatterns in how often various categories occur.L02-012.2Relativefrequency of any category is calculated by counting the number of occurrences of thecategory divided by the total number of observations. Percent frequency is calculated bymultiplying relative frequency by 100.L02-012.3Answers and examples will vary.L02-012.4a.RelativePercentCategory / ClassFrequencyFrequencyFrequencyA1000.4040%B250.1010%C750.3030%D500.2020%b.Bar Chart of Grade Frequency020406080100120ABCDAnswerFrequencyL02-012.5a.(100 / 250) * 360 degrees = 144 degreesb.(25 / 250) * 360 degrees = 36 degreesc.Pie Chart of Grade Frequency40%10%30%20%ABCD
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Business Statistics in Practice: Using Data, Modeling, and Analytics, 8th Edition Solution Manual - Page 7 preview imageChapter 02-Descriptive Statistics: Tabular and Graphical Methods2-2L02-012.6a.Relative frequency for product x is 1(0.15 + 0.36 + 0.28) = 0.21b.Product:WXYZ75105180140c.Percent Frequency Bar Chart For Product0%5%10%15%20%25%30%35%40%WXYZProductPercent Frequencyd.Degrees for W would be 54, for X degrees would be 75.6,for Y 129.6, and for Z 100.8.L02-012.7a.RatingFrequencyRelative FrequencyOutstanding140.467Very Good100.333Good50.167Average10.033Poor00.000b.
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Business Statistics in Practice: Using Data, Modeling, and Analytics, 8th Edition Solution Manual - Page 8 preview imageChapter 02-Descriptive Statistics: Tabular and Graphical Methods2-3c.L02-012.8a.Tally for Discrete Variables: Sports LeagueSportsRel.LeagueCountFreq.PercentMLB110.2222.00MLS30.066.00NBA80.1616.00NFL230.4646.00NHL50.1010.00N=50b.Sports LeagueCountNHLNFLNBAMLSMLB2520151050Chart of Sports League
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Business Statistics in Practice: Using Data, Modeling, and Analytics, 8th Edition Solution Manual - Page 9 preview imageChapter 02-Descriptive Statistics: Tabular and Graphical Methods2-4c.MLBMLSNBANFLNHLCategory5238311Pie Chart of Sports Leagued.Most popular league is NFL and least popular is MLS.L02-012.9US Market Share In 20050.00%5.00%10.00%15.00%20.00%25.00%30.00%Daimler-ChryslerFordGMJapaneseOtherImportsManufacturerPercentChryslerDodgeJeep
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Business Statistics in Practice: Using Data, Modeling, and Analytics, 8th Edition Solution Manual - Page 10 preview imageChapter 02-Descriptive Statistics: Tabular and Graphical Methods2-5US Market Shares In 200514%18%26%28%14%Daimler-ChryslerFordGMJapaneseOther ImportsL02-012.10Comparing the two pie charts they show that since 2005 Ford & GM, have lost market share,while Chrysler and Japanese models have increased market share.L02-012.11Medical Ins. Coverage For Income < $30,000 peryearMedicare/Medicaid, 33%Private, 50%None, 17%Medical Ins. Coverage For Income > $75,000 peryearMedicare/Medicaid, 9%Private, 87%None, 4%Chrysler DodgeJeep
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Business Statistics in Practice: Using Data, Modeling, and Analytics, 8th Edition Solution Manual - Page 11 preview imageChapter 02-Descriptive Statistics: Tabular and Graphical Methods2-6L02-012.12a.32.29%b.4.17%c.Explanations willvaryL02-022.13a.We construct a frequency distribution and a histogram for a data set so we can gain someinsight into the shape, center, and spread of the data along with whether or not outliersexist.b.A frequency histogramrepresents the frequency in a class using bars while in a frequencypolygon the frequencies in consecutive classes are connected by a line.c.A frequency ogive represents a cumulative distribution while the frequency polygon is nota cumulative distribution. Also, in a frequency polygon the lines connect the classmidpoints while in a frequency ogive the lines connect the upper boundaries of the classes.L02-032.14a.To find the frequency for a class you simply count how many of the observations aregreater than or equal to the lower boundary and less than the upper boundary.b.Once you get the frequency for a class the relative frequency is obtained by dividing theclass frequency by the total number of observations (data points).c.Percent frequency for a class is calculated by multiplying the relative frequency by 100.L02-032.15a.One hump in the middle; left side looks like right side.b.Two humps, left side may or may not look like right side.
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Business Statistics in Practice: Using Data, Modeling, and Analytics, 8th Edition Solution Manual - Page 12 preview imageChapter 02-Descriptive Statistics: Tabular and Graphical Methods2-7c.Long tail to the rightd.Long tail to the leftL02-032.16a.Since there are 28 points you should use 5 classes (from Table 2.5).b.Class Length (CL) = (4617) / 5 = 6c.17 ≤ x < 23, 23 ≤ x < 29, 29 ≤ x < 35, 35 ≤ x< 41, 41 ≤ x < 47d.Frequency Distribution-QuantitativeDatacumulativeloweruppermidpointwidthfrequencypercentfrequencypercent12<1815613.613.618<24216310.7414.324<3027627.1621.430<36336517.91139.336<423961450.02589.342<48456310.728100.028100.0
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Business Statistics in Practice: Using Data, Modeling, and Analytics, 8th Edition Solution Manual - Page 13 preview imageChapter 02-Descriptive Statistics: Tabular and Graphical Methods2-8e.f.See output in answer to d.L02-032.17a & b.c.CumPercentCum %ClassFrequencyFrequencyFrequencyFrequency50 < 60224%4%60 < 705710%14%70 < 80142128%42%80 < 90173834%76%90 < 100125024%100%Total5050100%
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Business Statistics in Practice: Using Data, Modeling, and Analytics, 8th Edition Solution Manual - Page 14 preview imageChapter 02-Descriptive Statistics: Tabular and Graphical Methods2-9Frequency Polygon0.05.010.015.020.025.030.035.040.0405060708090DataPercentd.Ogive0.025.050.075.0100.0405060708090DataCumulative PercentL02-032.18a.6 classes because there are 60 data points (from Table 2.5).b.Class Length (CL) = (3520) / 6 = 2.5 and we round up to 3.c.20 ≤ x < 23, 23 ≤ x < 26, 26 ≤ x < 29, 29 ≤ x < 32,32 ≤ x < 35,35 ≤ x< 38d.RatingcumulativeloweruppermidpointwidthfrequencyPercentfrequencypercent20<2321.5323.323.323<2624.5335.058.3
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Business Statistics in Practice: Using Data, Modeling, and Analytics, 8th Edition Solution Manual - Page 15 preview imageChapter 02-Descriptive Statistics: Tabular and Graphical Methods2-1026<2927.53915.01423.329<3230.531931.73355.032<3533.532643.35998.335<3836.5311.760100.060100.0
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Business Statistics in Practice: Using Data, Modeling, and Analytics, 8th Edition Solution Manual - Page 16 preview imageChapter 02-Descriptive Statistics: Tabular and Graphical Methods2-11e.Histogram051015202530202326293235RatingFrequencyDistribution shape is skewed left.L02-032.19a & b.RatingcumulativeloweruppermidpointwidthfrequencyPercentfrequencypercent20<2321.5323.323.323<2624.5335.058.326<2927.53915.01423.329<3230.531931.73355.032<3533.532643.35998.335<3836.5311.760100.060100.0
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