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French II – Participles

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Study GuideFrench II–Participles1.Past Participles in FrenchThepast participleis an important verb form in French. It is mainly used to formcompound tenses(such as thepassé composé), but it can also function as anadjective.When a past participle is used as an adjective (called anepithet or attribute), it usuallycomes afterthe nounit describes and mustagree in gender and numberwith that noun.Forming the Past ParticipleForregular verbs, the past participle follows simple patterns based on the verb family.•–er verbs→–éparler→parlé(spoken)•–ir verbs→–ifinir→fini(finished)•–re verbs→–uvendre→vendu(sold)

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Study GuideHowever, many French verbs haveirregular past participles. These often fall into several commongroups.Some verbs that are irregular in the present form have regular past participles:

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Study GuideCommon Groups of Irregular Past ParticiplesVerbs Ending in–i•rire→ri(laughed)•suffire→suffi(sufficed)•suivre→suivi(followed)Verbs Ending in–is•acquérir→acquis(acquired)•asseoir→assis(seated)•conquérir→conquis(conquered)•mettre→mis(put)•prendre→pris(taken)Verbs Ending in–it•conduire→conduit(driven)•construire→construit(constructed)•cuire→cuit(cooked)•détruire→détruit(destroyed)•dire→dit(said)•écrire→écrit(written)•produire→produit(produced)•traduire→traduit(translated)Verbs Ending in–u•apercevoir→aperçu(noticed)•avoir→eu(had)

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Study Guide•boire→bu(drunk)•connaître→connu(known)•courir→couru(run)•croire→cru(believed)•devoir→dû(had to)•lire→lu(read)•paraître→paru(appeared)•plaire→plu(pleased)•pouvoir→pu(been able)•recevoir→reçu(received)•savoir→su(known)•se taire→tu(kept quiet)•tenir→tenu(held)•valoir→valu(been worth)•venir→venu(come)•vivre→vécu(lived)•vouloir→voulu(wanted)Verbs Ending in–ert•ouvrir→ouvert(opened)•offrir→offert(offered)•souffrir→souffert(suffered)Verbs Ending in–int•atteindre→atteint(attained)•craindre→craint(feared)

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Study Guide•éteindre→éteint(extinguished)•joindre→joint(joined)•peindre→peint(painted)•plaindre→plaint(pitied)Totally Irregular Past ParticiplesSome verbs havecompletely unique forms:•être→été(been)•faire→fait(done / made)•mourir→mort(died)•naître→né(born)Related verbs usually follow thesame patternas their base verb.Any related infinitive forms its past participle according to the list above, for example:
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Document Details

University
Texas A&M University
Course
French II
Subject
World Languages

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